正确答案:

题目：阅读下面的材料，按要求作文。 　　"学高为师，身正为范"是著名教育家陶行知对教师的期望，也是他师范教育实践的指导思想。有人说："教师要教给学生知识，培养学生能力。所以，‘学高'太重要了。"也有人说："教师以育人为天职，是人类灵魂的工程师，所以，‘身正'最重要。"那么，你的看法呢？ 　　要求： 　　请联系实际，写一篇论说文，观点明确，分析具体，条理清楚，语言流畅。题目自拟，立意自定，不少于1000字。

解析：【解析】（一）评分标准： 　　一等(50-38)紧密围绕教育背景、教师身份写作，立意切合"教师的职业光辉伟大""教师的工作职责"等题意，中心突出，内容充实、情真意切、结构严谨、文体明确、语言优美、引经据典、字体优美；（教育学、心理学、教师职业素养，结合教育场景、学生心理，站在教育事业发展、教育体制改革的维度书写） 　　二等(37-25)站在教师立场思考主题，中心符合"教师应具备哪些知识技能""教师应具备那些专业素质"等角度，中心明确，内容较充实、感情真实、结构完整、文体突出、语言通顺、字迹清楚：（符合教师的职业素养，稍微联系理论和现实） 　　三等(24-12)中心基本符合题意、基本明确，内容单薄、感情基本真实、结构基本完整、文体基本符合、语言基本通顺、字迹潦草： 　　四等(11-0)"三观"观念错误，中心偏离题意、不明或立意不当、内容空洞、文体不明、矫揉造作、结构混乱、语病多、字迹难辨。（不具备作为教师的基本素质和辨别是非的能力，基本写作能力欠缺） 　　（二）写作硬性扣分项目：写作与文章相关的硬伤主要集中在内容残缺和语言表达基本功上，主要几大硬性扣分项目有：标题：不写，扣5分；文章结尾：不写，字数多于600字，扣10分；少于600字，残文11分以下；语句错误：2个扣1分，5个扣3分，多余5个，字句错误降等，降12分。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]"每一个学生都有被爱的权利，都应该得到充分的发展。"这就要求教师在工作中应该做到()。

关爱学生

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（2008年修订）"关爱学生"规定，教师要关爱学生。不讽刺、挖苦、歧视学生，不体罚或变相体罚学生。题目中说每个学生都有被爱的权利，所以教师要关爱全体学生，因此选B。

[单选题]营业性歌厅、酒吧、网吧、未成年人不适宜进入的场所，应当设置明显的( )标志，不得允许未成年人进入。

未成年人禁止进入

解析：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第三十六条规定，中小学校园周边不得设置营业性歌舞娱乐场所、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所。营业性歌舞娱乐场所、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所，不得允许未成年人进入，经营者应当在显著位置设置未成年人禁入标志；对难以判明是否已成年的，应当要求其出示身份证件。故选择B。

[单选题]"入芝兰之室，久而不间其香"描述的是( )。

适应现象

解析："入芝兰之室，久而不闻其香"描述的是嗅觉适应现象。

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Everyone knows that English departments are in trouble,but you can't appreciate just how much trouble until you read the new report from the Modern Language Association.The report is about Ph.D.programs,which have been in decline since 2008.These programs have gotten both more difficult and less rewarding: today,it can take almost a decade to get a doctorate,anD.at the end of your program,you're unlikely to find a tenure-track job. 　　The core of the problem is,of course,the job market.The M.L.A.report estimates that only sixty per cent of newly-minted Ph.D.s will find tenure-track jobs after graduation.If anything,that's wildly optimistic: the M.L.A.got to that figure by comparing the number of tenure-track jobs on its job list (around six hundred) with the number of new graduates (about a thousand).But that leaves out the thousands of unemployed graduates from past years who are still job-hunting-not to mention the older professors who didn't receive tenure,and who now find themselves competing with their former students.In all likelihooD.the number of jobs per candidate is much smaller than the report suggests.That's why the mood is so dire—why even professors are starting to ask,in the committee's words,"Why maintain doctoral study in the modern languages and literatures-or the rest ofthe humanities-at all?" 　　Those trends,in turn,are part of an even larger story having to do with the expansion and transformation of American education after the Second World War.Essentially,colleges grew less elite and more vocational.Before the war,relatively few people went to college.Then,in the nineteen-fifties,the G.I.Bill anD.later,the Baby Boom pushed colleges to grow rapidly.When the boom endeD.colleges found themselves overextended and competing for students.By the midseventies,schools were creating new programs designed to attract a broader range of students-for instance,women and minorities. 　　Those reforms worked: as Nate Silver reported in the Times last summer,about twice as many people attend college per capita now as did forty years ago.But all that expansion changed colleges.In the past,they had catered to elite students who were happy to major in the traditional liberal arts.Now,to attract middle-class students,colleges had to offer more career-focused majors,in fields like business,communications,and health care.As a result,humanities departments have found 　　themselves drifting away from the center of the university.Today,they are often regarded as a kind of institutional luxury,paid for by dynamiC.cheap,and growing programs in,say,adult-education.These large demographic facts are contributing to today's job-market crisis: they're why,while education as a whole is growing,the humanities aren't. 　　Given all this,what can an English department do? The M.L.A.report contains a number of suggestions.Pride of place is given to the idea that grad school should be shorter: "Departments should design programs that can be completed in five years." That will probably require changing the dissertation from a draft of an academic book into something shorter and simpler.At the same time,graduate students are encouraged to "broaden" themselves: to "engage more deeply with technology" ; to pursue unusual and imaginative dissertation projects; to work in more than one discipline; to acquire teaching skills aimed at online and community-college students; and to take workshops on subjects,such as project management and grant writing,which might be of value outside of academiA.Graduate programs,the committee suggests,should accept the fact that many of their students will have non-tenureD.or even non-academiC.careers.They should keep track of what happens to their graduates,so that students who decide to leave academia have a non-academic alumni network to draw upon.

According to the author,which of the following is the key reason that leads to today's jobmarket crisis for Ph.D.students?

The shift of popularity from humanities majors to career-focused ones.

解析：推断题。根据题干中的“today's job-market crisis"定位到文章第四段。第四段首先提到大学扩招，接着分析其影响——大学提供更多以职业为导向的专业，人文学科不再是学校的中心。最后一句“这就是为什么整个教育行业在扩张，而人文学科却面临窘境”是结论句。A项…二战’后大学扩招”并非导致当今就业市场危机的关键因素，只是问题的导火索，真正原因是由此带来的大学重心的转移。B项“人文学科不再盛行，而以职业为导向的学科日渐受人欢迎”，符合文意。C项“研究生中妇女以及少数民族人数的增加”，文中并未体现这与就业市场危机之间存在关联。D项“对于正在找工作的大学毕业生，学校没有给予就业相关的指导”，曲解文意。故本题选B。