正确答案: B

王维

题目：下列人物中，既是诗人也是画家的是( )。

解析：王维（701年-761年，一说699年-761年），唐朝河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝著名诗人、画家，字摩诘，号摩诘居士。王维参禅悟理，学庄信道，精通诗、书、画、音乐等。他的代表诗作有《相思》、《山居秋暝》等；他的画作主要有《山水论》等，故选择B。A选项，李白是唐代伟大的浪漫主义诗人。C选项，白居易是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人。D选项，李商隐是晚唐著名诗人。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]教师不得因为各种理由随意对学生进行搜查，不得对学生关禁闭，因为学生有( )。

人身自由权

解析：学生享有人身自由权，即教师不得因为各种理由随意对学生进行搜查，不得对学生关禁闭。故选择C。A项，隐私权是指自然人享有的私人生活安宁与私人信息秘密依法受到保护，不被他人非法侵扰、知悉、收集、利用和公开的一种人格权，而且权利主体对他人在何种程度上可以介入自己的私生活，对自己的隐私是否向他人公开以及公开的人群范围和程度等具有决定权。B项，名誉权是人格权的一种。这些被维护的名誉是指具有人格尊严的名声，是人格的重要内容，受法律的保护。D项，身心健康是公民生存和进行正常民事活动的前提条件，也是公民作为民事主体所应享有的基本权利。

[单选题]教育的心理起源说的代表人物是( )。

孟禄

解析：心理起源论者认为，教育起源于儿童对成人的无意识的模仿，其主要代表人物是美国教育学家孟禄。桑代克和沛西·能是生物起源说代表人物。

[单选题]国际21世纪教育委员会向联合国的教科文组织提交的一份报告中提出的教育的"四个支柱"，即学会认知、学会做事、学会共同生活、学会生存。这份报告是( )。

《教育一财富蕴藏其中》

解析：终身教育最终形成的标志是1996年联合国教科文组织发表的报告《教育：财富蕴藏其中》。其中提出："终身教育建立在4个支柱基础上"，这"4个支柱"是指："学会认知"、"学会做事"、"学会共同生活"和"学会生存"。A项，《学会生存：教育世界的今天和明天》是1996年教育科学出版社出版的一本图书，作者是联合国教科文组织国际教育发展委员会。内容主要是纪念联合国教科文组织成立五十周年。C项，《教育的使命一面向21世纪的教育宣言和行动纲领》是在1996年由赵中建编译的。D项，《从现在到2000年教育内容发展的全球展望》是1996年6月教育科学出版社出版的图书，作者是维迪努。《从现在到2000年教育内容发展的全球展望》考察了全球的教育发展的动向，为决策者着进行教育体系的改革或革新提供了可供借鉴和运用的方法论，并为编写教育改革内容提供了一系列的实例与建议。

[单选题]"大有大成，小有小成"是( )教学原则具体运用的结果。

因材施教

解析：因材施教的原则是指教师要从课程计划、学科课程标准的统一要求出发，面向全体学生，同时要根据学生的实际情况、个别差异，有的放矢地进行教学，使每个学生都能扬长避短，获得最佳发展。故选D。

[单选题]张老师为了提高数学的教学质量，采用摸底考试的方式了解学生的学习基础，这种评价属于( )。

诊断性评价

解析：诊断性评价也称"教学前评价"，一般是在某项教学活动前对学生的知识、技能以及情感等状况进行的预测。形成性评价是在某项教学活动中，为了更好地达到教学目标、取得最佳教学效果而不断进行的评价，它能用来及时了解某阶段教学的结果和学生学习的进展情况以及存在的问题，因而可据此及时调整和改进教学活动。终结性评价又称"总结性评价"，一般是在教学活动告一段落后，为了了解教学活动的最终效果而进行的评价。题干中教师采用摸底考试的方式了解学生的学习基础，这种评价属于诊断性评价。

[单选题]Passage 2 　　Teacher education provided by U. S.colleges and universities has been routinely criticized since its inception in the earlynineteenth century, sometimes deservedly.These programs, like non-university programs,are uneven in quality and can be improved.What makes today's criticisms different is an aggressive effort by advocacy groups, andself-proclaimed educational entrepreneurs to deregulate the preparation of teachers, and to expand independent, alternative routes intoteaching. 　　This effort to “disrupt” the field of teacherpreparation in the United States has gained considerable momentum and legitimacy,with venture capitalists, philanthropy, and theU. S Department of Education all providingsponsorship and substantial funding. 　　The strength of this effort is that the UnitedStates may quickly seek to dismantle itsuniversity system and replace much of it withindependent, private programs. The resultingsystem of teacher preparation may differ dramatically in its governance, structure,content, and processes moving away fromits current location alongside legal, medical,and other professional preparation thatpairs academic degrees with professionaltraining. 　　Throughout the nation, states are reportingteacher shortages in particular subject areas and geographical locations, and several stateshave either passed legislation to lower thestandards for becoming a teacher or, like thestate of Washington, have looked towards expanding the number of teacher educationproviders to try to fill teaching vacancies.The federal government has contributed tothe push to lower standards for becoming a teacher with the Teacher Preparation Academy provision in the new K-12 educationlaw, the Every Students Succeeds Act, which encourages states to expand the number ofindependent programs not associated with colleges and universities. 　　Because of the increasing tuition rates, a consequence in part, of cuts in funding topublic universities that continue to educatemost U. S. teachers, enrollments in college and university teacher education programshave declined in many parts of the country.Independent teacher education programs are being viewed by some as an importantpart of the solution in staffing the nation's classrooms and addressing our serious and enduring problems in education inequities.Additionally, advocacy groups, philanthropists,and so-called education entrepreneurs are working aggressively to expandthese independent alternative routes into teaching. 　　Given the seriousness of the teachershortage problem in the United States andthe substantial media attention that has been given to independent teacher educationprograms as the solution to teacher shortages and education inequities, policy makersshould very carefully examine the evidencethat exists about the nature and impact ofthese relatively new programs that are rapidly expanding while university teacher education enrollments decline.

What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

The new teacher education programswill follow the usual practice of otherprofessional preparation

解析：根据第三段末尾”The resu…ng system ofteacher preparation may differ dramaticallyin. moving away from its current locationlongside legal, medical, and other professionalpreparation可推断出，新的师范教育项目会遵照其他职业教育的惯例，D项正确。A项美国的高等教育系统会完全瓦解”，该说法过于绝对。B项”美国高等教育系统将会被完全调整”，根据第三段第一句中”heUnited Statesmay quicklyseek to dismantle its university system andreplace much of it with independent, privateprograms”可知，只是大部分会被词整，而不是完全词整。C项“未来私立师范项目将不会为师范学生颁发学位证书”文中未提及。故选择D。