正确答案: B

王维

题目：下列人物中，既是诗人也是画家的是( )。

解析：王维（701年-761年，一说699年-761年），唐朝河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝著名诗人、画家，字摩诘，号摩诘居士。王维参禅悟理，学庄信道，精通诗、书、画、音乐等。他的代表诗作有《相思》、《山居秋暝》等；他的画作主要有《山水论》等，故选择B。A选项，李白是唐代伟大的浪漫主义诗人。C选项，白居易是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人。D选项，李商隐是晚唐著名诗人。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列选项中属于教师进行依法执教的表现的是()。

对学生进行爱国主义教育

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（1997年修订）"依法执教"规定，教师要依法执教，自觉遵守<教师法》等法律法规。A选项中教师的行为侵犯了学生的隐私权。C选项侵犯了学生的人格尊严权。D选项中进行有偿家教也是违背职业道德"依法治教"的要求。故选B。

[单选题]语言、思维，记忆等发展都存在不同的关键期，这说明人的身心发展具有( )。

不平衡性

解析：A项，儿童的发展，在一定年龄时期，往往反映出一些新的典型特点。这些典型特点的出现，标志着儿童的发展在量的增长过程中，产生了质的变化，进入了一个新的发展时期。人们根据这些特点的典型性与普遍性，确定了儿童发展的阶段性。B项，个体的发展具有不平衡的特点，主要表现为发展速度不均衡。它体现在两个方面：一是个体在不同年龄阶段某一方面发展不均衡：二是个体在不同年龄阶段不同方面发展不均衡。C项，人的身心发展是一个持续不断变化的过程，具有顺序性特征。如身体发展是按照首尾方向（即从头部到躯干的下肢）和中心外周方向（即从中间部位到边缘部位）进行的。心理的发展也有一定的顺序，如儿童思维的发展总是从具体动作思维到形象思维，再从形象思维到抽象逻辑思维：记忆发展的顺序是从机械记忆到意义记忆：注意的发展顺序是从无意注意到有意注意等。D项，差异性是指在每个阶段内，每个儿童之间，他们的发展表现出明显的差异性。题干描述的是身心发展的不平衡性的表现，答案选B。

[单选题]地理教学中使用地球仪做教具，体现了( )教学原则。

直观性

解析：地理教学中使用地球仪做教具体现了直观性教学原则。

[单选题]子日："知之者不如好之者：好之者不如乐之者。"这句话所强调的影响学习的因素是( )。

兴趣和情感

解析：这句话意思是说，对于学习，了解它的人，不如爱好它的人；爱好学习的人，又不如以学习为乐的人。强调的是学习兴趣和情感体验在学习中的重要性。

[单选题]孔子说："举一隅，不以三隅反，则不复也。"这句话说明的学习现象是( )。

学习迁移

解析："举一隅，不以三隅反，则不复也"是指学习要"举一反三"，属于学习迁移。

[单选题]( )不属于爱国主义和国际主义教育的内容。

继承和发扬革命传统

解析：爱国主义是指人们对自己祖国的一种最深厚的感情或热爱态度。国际主义教育主要指国际理解教育与世界和平教育。继承和发扬革命传统是理想和传统教育的内容。故选择C。

[单选题]一个争强好胜的学生和另一个个性较弱的学生在一起很可能感到更自在，这在非正式学生群体形成的主要影响因素中属于( )。

需要互补性

解析：一个争强好胜，一个个性较弱，属于需要互补性产生的人际吸引。

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　IF YOU want something done,the saying goes,give it to a busy person.It is an odd way to guarantee hitting deadlines.But a paper recently published in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests it may,in fact,be true-as long as the busy person conceptualises the deadline in the right way. 　　Yanping Tu of the University of Chicago and Dilip Soman of the University of Toronto 　　examined how individuals go about both thinking about and completing tasks.Previous studies have shown that such activity progresses through four distinct phases: pre-decision,post-decision (but pre-action),action and review.It is thought that what motivates the shift from the decision-making stages to the doing-something stage is a change in mindset. 　　Human beings are a deliberative sort,weighing the pros and cons of future actions and remaining open to other ideas and influences.However,once a decision is taken,the mind becomes more "implemental" and focuses on the task at hand."The mindset towards 'where can I get a sandwich'," explains Ms Tu,"is more implemental than the mindset towards 'should I get a sandwich or not?'" 　　Ms Tu and Dr Soman advise in their paper that "the key step in getting things done is to get started." But what drives that? They believe the key that unlocks the implemental mode lies in how people categorise time.They suggest that tasks are more likely to be viewed with an implemental mindset if an imposed deadline is cognitively linked to "now" -a so-called like-the-present scenario.That might be a future date within the same month or calendar year,or pegged to an event with a familiar spot in the mind's timeline (being given a task at Christmas,say,with a deadline of Easter).Conversely,they suggest,a deadline placed outside such mental constructs (being "unlike-the-present" ) exists merely as a circle on a calendar,and as such is more likely to be considered deliberatively and then ignored until the last minute. 　　To flesh out this ideA.the pair carried out five sets of tests,with volunteers ranging from farmers in India to undergraduate students in Toronto.In one test,the farmers were offered a financial incentive to open a bank account and make a deposit within six months.The researchers predicted those approached in June would consider a deadline before December 31st as like-the-present.Those approached in July,by contrast,received a deadline into the next year,and were expected to think of their deadline as unlike-the-present.The distinction worked.Those with a deadline in the same year were nearly four times more likely to open the account immediately as those for whom the deadline lay in the following year.Arbitrary though calendars may be in parsing up the continuous fiow of time,humans parse their concept of time in line with them. 　　The effect can manifest itselfin even subtler ways.In another set of experiments,undergraduate students were given a calendar on a Wednesday and were asked to suggest an appropriate day to carry out certain tasks before the following Sunday.The trick was that some were given a calendar with all of the weekdays coloured purple,with weekends in beige (making a visual distinction between a Wednesday and the following Sunday).Others were given a calendar in which every other week,Monday to Sunday,was a solid colour (meaning that a Wednesday and the following Sunday were thus in the same week,and in the same colour).Even this minor visual cue affected how like-or unlike-the-present the respondents tended to view task priorities. 　　These and other bits of framing and trickery in the research support the same thesis: that making people link a future event to today triggers an implemental response,regardless of how far in the future the deadline actually lies.If the journey of l,000 miles starts with a single step,the authors might suggest that you take that step before this time next week.

What does the underlined "them" in PAraGraPH FIVE refer to?

Calendars.

解析：指代题。根据题干可以定位至第五段最后一句“Arbitrary though calendars may be in parsing up the continuous fiow oftime，humans parse their concept of time in line with them.”，意思是虽然日历会随意地描述不断流逝的时间，但人们仍然根据它们来定义时间。因此them指的是calendars。故本题选B。