正确答案: D

算盘、空调

题目：( )对于电脑相当于扇子对于( ),正确答案是( )。

解析：此题考查功能关系。算盘和电脑都有计算的功能，扇子和空调都有降温的功能。故选择D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]关于我国《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》针对义务教育提出开展"阳光体育"运动，保证每天锻炼( )。

60分钟

解析：《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》第四章义务教育第八条规定：增强学生体质。科学安排学习、生活、锻炼，保证学生睡眠时间。大力开展"阳光体育"运动，保证学生每天锻炼一小时。故选择D。

[单选题]某学校一年级语文教师邓老师发现所教学生错别字偏高，于是他在识字教学中尝试运用字理教学法，之后他设计申报了"低年级小学生产生错别字的心理机制与对策研究"课题。就课题产生而言，邓老师设计的课题来源于( )。

教育改革的实践

解析：从教育工作面临的突出问题中选择的课题来源于教育的改革实践。

[单选题]教师把知识内容以定论的形式呈现给学生的学习方式是( )。

接受学习

解析：接受学习是将学生要学习的概念、原理等内容以结论的方式呈现在学生面前，教师传授，学生接受。

[单选题]学习顿悟说与行为主义的联结说的实质意义是一致的。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：学习顿悟说与行为主义的学习联结说的实质是不一致的。学习顿悟说认为学习的实质是顿悟的过程，学习是个体利用本身的智慧与理解力对情境及情境与自身关系的顿悟。行为主义的联结说的认为，学习过程是有机体在一定条件下形成刺激与反应的联系，从而获得新经验的过程。【解析】暂无

[单选题]"闻一知十"，属于的迁移是( )。

同化迁移

解析：同化性迁移是指不改变原有的认知结构，直接将原有的认知经验应用到本质特征相同的一类事物中去。原有认知结构在迁移过程中不发生实质性的改变，只是得到某种充实。平时我们所讲的举一反三、闻一知十等，没有改变原有认知结构，于同化性迁移。故选择C。A项，顺应迁移指将原有的经验应用于新情境时所发生的一种适应性变化。当原有的经验结构不能将新的事物纳入其结构内时，需调整原有的经验或对新旧经验加以概括，形成一种能包容新旧经验的更高一级的经验结构，以适应外界的变化。。B选项，重组性迁移指重新组合原有认知系统中某些构成要素或成分，调整各成分间的关系或建立新的联系，从而应用于新情境。在重组过程中，基本经验成分不变，但各成分间的结合关系发生了变化，即进行了调整或重新组合。C选项，逆向迁移指后继学习对先前学习产生的影响，如倒摄抑制。

[单选题]幼儿园的一名小朋友不爱吃肥肉，把自己偷偷吐在地上的肥肉踢到旁边小朋友的桌下。该小朋友的行为是( )。

逃避惩罚的表现

解析：幼儿园小朋友属于科尔伯格道德发展阶段论中的惩罚与服从定向阶段，服从权威或规则只是为了避免惩罚，没有真正的道德概念。小朋友偷偷把自己吐在地上的肥肉踢到别人那里，主要是为了逃避教师的惩罚。

[多选题]试述我国当前学校班级管理中存在的问题及解决策略。

[单选题] The Earth has been stripped of up to90% of its species five times before in the past 450 million years. Now it's about to happen again-and this time there's no rogue asteroid (小行星) to blame. One of the first great rules of terrestrial biology is that no species is forever. The Earth has gone through five major extinction events before. The result of all of the extinctions was the same: death, a lot of it. As increasingly accepted theories have argued-and as the Science papers show-we are now in the midst of the sixth great extinction, the unsettlingly-named Anthropocene(人类纪), or the age of the humans. As the authors of all this loss, we are doing our nasty work in a lot of ways. Overexploitation-which is to say killing animals for food, clothing or the sheer perverse pleasure of it-plays a big role. So we get elephants slaughtered for their tusks, thinos poached (偷猎) for their homs and tigers shot and skinned for their pelts, until oops-no more elephants, thinos or tigers. Habitat destruction is another big driver, particularly in rainforests. And you don't even have to chop or burn an ecosystem completely away to threaten its species; sometimes all it takes is cutting a few roads across it or building a few farms or homes in the wrong spots. Then too there is global warming, which makes once-hospitable habitats too hot or dry or stormy for species adapted to different conditions. Finally, as TIME's Bryan Walsh wrote in last week's cover story, there are invasive species-pests like the giant African snail, the lionfish-which hitch a ride into a new ecosystem on ships or packing material, or are brought in as pets, and then reproduce wildly, crowding out native species. It oughtn't to take appealing to our self-interest to get us to quit making such a mess of what we're increasingly coming to learn is an exceedingly destructible world. But it's that very self-interest that led us to make that mess in the first place. We can either start to change our ways, or we can keep going the way we are-at least until the Anthropocene extinction claims one final species: our own.

The sentence "this time there's no rogue asteroid (小行星) to blame" means ________.

the asteroids once served as the reason of the past extinction

解析：1.细节题。“The Earth has been stripped of up to 90% of its species five times before in the past 450 million years”意为在过去的4.5亿年中，地球曾经五次损失了90%的生物。A中错在不是现在，而是在过去的4.5亿年。B、C、D都符合文意。本题考察的是对成分复杂句子的解读。 2.词义题。文章前面一直在说之前的五次物种大灭绝，后面要引出的是这一次的物种消亡。提到了“it's about to happen again”和“this time”，可见之前的灭亡原因是小行星。故选D。A、B都是字面意思，而C意思相反。 3.细节题。全文都在讲述造成大灭绝的原因，A项出自“overexploitation-which is to say killing animals for food，clothing or the sheer perverse pleasure of it-plays a big role”，但是逻辑有误，以动物为食只是其中一个原因，故选A。而B、C、D都可以在文中找到。 4.细节题。细节的位置在“there are invasive species…which hitch a ride into a new ecosystem on ships or packing material, or are brought in as pets, and then reproduce wildly, crowding out native species”，介绍了入侵物种的来源和危害，它们都由船或包装物或作为宠物带来，迅速繁殖，进而挤走了本地生物。A、B、C在句中都可以找出，D错在入侵物种不一定是吃掉了本地物种。 5.主旨题。文章以之前的大灭绝开头，引入人类面临的大灭绝，在介绍了造成灭绝的原因后，提出了倡议，不仅有客观，而且有对于人类前途的担忧和建议。反观这几个题目．A只强调了客观原因，C项过于含糊，D项只提到了倡议，只有B最为全面。