正确答案: D

They read their books in public places.

题目：请阅读Passage 1，完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 1 　　With her magical first novel,Garcia joins a growing chorus of talented Latino writers whose voices are suddenly reaching a far wider,more diverse audience.Unlike Latin American writers such as Colombia's Gabriel Garcia Marquee of Peru's Mario Vargas Llosa-whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures.Their stories,from Dreaming in Cuban to Julia Alvarez's How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent and Victor Villasenor's rain of GolD.offer insight into the mixture of economic opportunity and discrimination that Latinos encounter in the United States.Garcia Girls for example,is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants,"We didn't feel we had the beat the United States had to offer," one of the girls says,"We had only second-hand stuff,rental houses in one redneck Catholic neighborhood after another,clothes at Round Robin,a black and white TV afflicted with wavy lines." Alvarez,a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from santo Domingo when she was 10,says being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point: "We travel on that border between two worlds and we can see both points ofview." 　　With few exceptions,such as Chicano writer Rudolfo AnayA.many Hispanic-Americans have been writing in virtual obscurity for years,nurtured only by small presses like Houston's Arte Publico or the Bilingual Press in Tempe,Ariz.Only with the recent success of sandra Cisneros's Woman Hollering Creek and Oscar Hijuelos's prize-winning novel,The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love,have mainstream publishers begun opening door to other Latinos.Julie Grau,Cisneros's editor at Turtle Bay,says,"editors may now be looking more carefully at a book that before they would have deemed too exotic for the general readership." 　　But if Villasenor's experience is any indication,some editors are still wary.In 1989,Putnam gave Villasenor a $75,000 advance for the hardcover rights to rain of GolD.the compelling saga of his family's migration from Mexico to CaliforniA.But the editors,says Villasenor,wanted major changes: "They were going to destroy the book.It's nonfiction; they wanted to publish it as a novel. And they wanted to change the title to 'Rio Grande',which sounded like some old John Wayne 　　movie." After a year of strained relations,he mortgaged his house,borrowed his mother's life savings and bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write. 　　In frustration,Villasenor turned to Arte Publico.In the eight months since its release,rain of Gold has done extremely well,considering its limited distribution; 20,000 copies have been sold."If we were a mainstream publisher,this book would have been on The New York Times best-seller list for weeks," says Arte Pulico's Nicolas Kanelos.The author may still have a shot: he has sold the paperback rights to Dell.And he was just named a keynote speaker (with Molly Ivins and Norman Schwarzkopf) for the American Booksellers Association convention in May.Long before they gained this sort of attention,however,Villasenor,Cisneros and other Latino writers were quietly building devoted followings.Crossing the country,they read in local bookstores,libraries and schools.Their stories,they founD.appeal not only to Latinos- 　　who identify with them,but to a surprising number ofAnglos,who find in them a refreshingly different perspective on American life.Still,there are unusual pressures on these writers.Cisneros vividly recalls the angst she went through in writing the final short stories for Woman Hollering: "I was traumatized that it was going to be one of the first Chicano books 'out there'.I felt I had this responsibility to my community to represent us in all our diversity."

解析：细节题。根据最后一段中的“Crossing the country,they read in local bookstores，libraries and schools.”可知，D项正确。

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[单选题]教育可以"简化"文化，吸取其基本内容；教育可以"净化"文化，清除其不良因素。这体现了教育对文化具有( )。

选择功能

解析：文化的选择功能是对某种、某部分文化的吸收和舍弃。题干说明教育内容是对文化的"吸取"和"清除"，这体现了教育内容是从文化中精选出来的，所以体现了教育对文化具有选择功能。

[单选题] According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the fanuly, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce eonsistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group's members. Expressive leaders are less concemed with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group's goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.

What does the Passage mainly discuss?

The role of leaders in social groups.

解析：1.主旨题。文章主要讲述不同的领导者(如instrumental leaders以及expressive leaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。选项A、B、C都不能正确概括本文主旨。 2.细节题。短文第一段指出了成为领导者的不同方式：traditional cultural patterns， election or recruitment.选项C在文中并没有提及。故选C。 3.推断题。短文第二段指出“It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common.”即似乎并不是所有的领导者都有同样的个人素质。由此可推断出某一个团队的优秀领导可能并不适合另外的团队。故选项A正确。 4.细节题。由题干可定位至第二段“…decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of‘natural leaders’”，即近几十年的研究发现并没有哪一类人是“天生的领导”。故选项B正确。 5.细节题。短文最后两段主要讲述了两种领导：指导型领导和表达型领导，并指出了他们的不同点。由“Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group”和“Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group”可知指导型领导重视团队任务的完成，关心团队目标，而表达型领导却不是这样。故选项D正确。

[单选题]我国当前的教育目的："培养( )等全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。"

德智体美

解析：我国当前的教育目的是由《中华人民共和国教育法》所规定的，所以需要依据法律规定原文来做本题。2009年8月27日第一次修订的《中华人民共和国教育法》第一章第五条规定：教育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务，必须与生产劳动相结合，培养德、智、体等方面全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人。"2015年12月27日第二次修订的《中华人民共和国教育法》第一章第五条规定："教育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务、为人民服务，必须与生产劳动和社会实践相结合，培养德、智、体、美等方面全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。"两版不同之处有二：1.旧版规定教育"必须与生产劳动相结合"，新版规定教育"必须与生产劳动和社会实践相结合"：2.旧版规定教育"培养德、智、体等方面全面发展"，新版规定教育"培养德、智、体、美等方面全面发展"。故应该按照新版选择，选B。我国当前的教育目的是由《中华人民共和国教育法》所规定的，所以需要依据法律规定原文来做本题。2009年8月27日第一次修订的《中华人民共和国教育法》第一章第五条规定："教育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务，必须与生产劳动相结合，培养德、智、体等方面全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人。"2015年12月27日第二次修订的《中华人民共和国教育法》第一章第五条规定："教育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务、为人民服务，必须与生产劳动和社会实践相结合，培养德、智、体、美等方面全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。"两版不同之处有二：1.旧版规定教育"必须与生产劳动相结合"，新版规定教育"必须与生产劳动和社会实践相结合"：2.旧版规定教育"培养德、智、体等方面全面发展"，新版规定教育"培养德、智、体、美等方面全面发展"。故应该按照新版选择，选B。此外，虽然这个题选择"德智体美"，但是如果只是问我国全面教育的构成包括什么，那么还是"德智体美劳"要选全。

[单选题]在PowerPoint2003中，占位符的实质是( )。

含有提示信息的对象框

解析：占位符就表现为一个虚框，虚框内部往往有"单击此处添加标题"之类的提示语，一旦鼠标点击之后，提示语会自动消失。当我们要创建自己的模板时，占位符就显得非常重要，它能起到规划幻灯片结构的作用。故选择C。

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 1,完成 1~5小题。 　　Passage 1 　　Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science,but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance,were determined by technologists,artisans,designers,inventors, and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought.This kind of thinking way is different from science.Many features and qualities ofthe objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual,nonverbal process.In the development of Western technology,it has been non-verbal thinking,by and large,that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics,but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them. 　　The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists.For example,in designing a diesel engine,a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience,by physical requirements,by limitations of available space,and not least by a sense of form.Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter,may depend on scientific calculations,but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. 　　Design courses,then,should be an essential element in engineering curriculum.Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design,involves perceptions,the stock-in-trade of the artist,not the scientist.Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking" , nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive Process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought.But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering,the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students,but rather students attending architectural schools. 　　If courses in design,which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving,are not provided.we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems.For example,early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system.absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.

What is the main idea ofthe first paragraph?

Nonscientific modes ofthought are very important for material surroundings.

解析：主旨题。文章开头讲到，许多日常用品明显地受到科学的影响，但其形状和功能、体积和外观都被那些运用非科学思维方式的技术人员、工匠、设计者、发明家以及工程师所设计。接着讲到，非语言的形象思维非常重要，它刻画了物质环境轮廓并充实了其中细节。如金字塔、大教堂和火箭的产生就是非语言的形象思维的结果。由此可知，第一段强调了非科学思维的重要性，B项符合题意。

[单选题]Classroom language can be called in-class language, which is the specially used language system by both teachers and students in classroom teaching. Which of the following does not belong to it?

Spelling language.

解析：考查课堂语言形式。课堂用语包含的种类有：书面语、口语、肢体语言。

[单选题]知道某人是东北人，人们会推断出他酒量好、豪爽、幽默。这是( )效应的作用。

定势

解析：定势使人们会以某种习惯的方式对刺激情境作出反应，知道这个人是东北人，直接推断酒量好，属于定势。

[单选题]校长常常给新老师讲：只要你还能站着，就要挺直腰板上完45分钟的课，只要你还能张开嘴，就要让最后一排的学生听见你的谆谆教导，这样才配的上人类灵魂的工程师啊！这句话表明，作为一名人民教师，应当做到()。

爱岗敬业

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（2008年修订）"爱岗敬业"规定，爱岗敬业要求教师要对工作勤恳敬业，高度负责，不得敷衍塞责。材料中的校长要求教师要认真上课，体现了爱岗敬业的职业道德规范。故选择B。

[单选题]裘先生十一期间由于店铺生意太忙，招取了利用假期出门打工的17岁的小康工作，小康非常开心，虽然每天工作14个小时，但薪资待遇非常优厚。以下说法正确的是( )。

小康年龄符合国家法律规定的招用标准

解析：根据《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第四章第三十八条规定，任何组织或者个人不得招用未满十六周岁的未成年人，国家另有规定的除外。因此A选项正确，C选项错误。《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第三十八条规定：任何组织或者个人按照国家有关规定招用已满十六周岁未满十八周岁的未成年人的，应当执行国家在工种、劳动时间、劳动强度和保护措施等方面的规定，不得安排其从事过重、有毒、有害等危害未成年人身心健康的劳动或者危险作业。因此裘先生对小康长时高新的做法是错误的；裘先生的行为并未违反《中华人民共和国未成年保护法》D项说法是错误的。故选择A。