正确答案:
题目:材料:
苏霍姆林斯基说:"一个好老师意味着什么?首先意味着他是这样一个人,他热爱孩子,感到和孩子在一起交往是一种乐趣,相信每个孩子都能成为好人,善于跟他们交朋友,关心孩子们的快乐和悲伤,了解孩子的心灵。"马克思说:"只能用爱来交换爱,只能用信任来交换信任。"高尔基说:"谁爱孩子,孩子就爱谁,只有爱孩子的人才会教育孩子。"
根据上述材料给你的启示,联系实际,写一篇文章。要求:用规范的现代汉语写作,不要脱离材料内容或含义。题目自拟,立意自定,观点明确,分析具体,条理清晰,语言流畅。文体不限,不少于1000字。
解析:【解析】写作思路:
(1)题目立意较为简单,主题为"教师对学生的爱",因为材料中所说的苏霍姆林斯基、马克思和高尔基的话语内容都在说"爱"这个主题,而苏霍姆林斯基所说的爱特指老师对学生的爱。
(2)可以写议论文,从师爱的重要意义或师爱的表现形式等角度去写,通过教师的日常工作中的具体事例或者历史上教师关爱学生的小故事来说明师爱的重要与伟大。可进行多种选择,没有固定的套路。
(3)扩充稳重的论据方面较难把握,建议可以搜集相应论据。
(4)关于教师的名言警句就比较多了,类似"学高为师、身正为范"、"教师是太阳底下最光辉的职业",都可以用在作文中进行写作。
(一)评分标准:
一等(50-38)紧密围绕教育背景、教师身份写作,立意切合"教师爱学生的重要意义""教师爱学生的具体表现"等题意,中心突出,内容充实、情真意切、结构严谨、文体明确、语言优美、引经据典、字体优美;(教育学、心理学、教师职业素养,结合教育场景、学生心理,站在教育事业发展、教育体制改革的维度书写)
二等(37-25)站在教师立场思考主题,中心符合"对学生关心照顾""学生需要教师的关爱"等角度,中心明确,内容较充实、感情真实、结构完整、文体突出,语言通顺、字迹清楚;(符合教师的职业素养,稍微联系理论和现实)
三等(24-12)中心基本符合题意、基本明确,内容单薄、感情基本真实、结构基本完整、文体基本符合、语言基本通顺、字迹潦草:
四等(11-0)"三观"观念错误,中心偏离题意、不明或立意不当、内容空洞、文体不明、矫揉造作、结构混乱、语病多、字迹难辨。(不具备作为教师的基本素质和辨别是非的能力,基本写作能力欠缺)
(二)写作硬性扣分项目:写作与文章相关的硬伤主要集中在内容残缺和语言表达基本功上,主要几大硬性扣分项目有:标题:不写,扣5分;文章结尾:不写,字数多于600字,扣10分;少于600字,残文11分以下;语句错误:2个扣1分,5个扣3分,多余5个,字句错误降等,降12分。
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学习资料的答案和解析:
[单选题]在技能形成过程中,练习中期出现进步的暂时停顿现象,在心理学上称为( )。
高原现象
解析:高原现象指练习的进步是先快后慢的,到中期出现暂时停顿现象,即练习成绩保持一定的水平不再上升甚至呈下降的趋势。
[单选题]教师通过协调课堂内的各种人际关系,而有效实现预定教学目标的过程称为( )。
课堂管理
解析:课堂管理是指教师为有效利用时间、创造愉快的和富有建设性的学习环境以及减少问题行为而采取的组织教学、设计学习环境、处理课堂行为的一系列活动与措施。它强调的是协调各种影响,包括人际关系等,实现教学目标,故选择C.
[单选题] New research has found that those who work 11 hour days or more increase their chance of a heart attack by two thirds. If you're about to embark on your usual 12-hour day at the office, you might want to pause a while-a few hours, actually. A study has found that those who spend more than 11 hours at work increase their chance of having a heart attack by two thirds.
The team from University College London looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall over a period of 11 years and established how many hours they worked on average a day. They also collected information including the condition of their heart from medical records and health checks. Over the period, a total of 192 had suffered a heart attack. Then the study was published in the joumal Annals of Internal Medicine, reporting that those who worked more than 11 hours a day were 67 percent more likely to have one than those who had a "nine to five" job.
Professor Mika Kivimki, who led the study, said:"We have shown that working long days is associated with a remarkable increase in risk of heart disease. Considering that including a measurement of working hours in a GP interview is so simple and useful, our research presents a strong case that it should become standard practice. This new information should help improve decisions regarding medication for heart disease."
"It could also be a wake-up call for people who over-work themselves, especially if they already have other risk factors," Professor Kivimki added. Around 2.6 million Britons have heart disease, where the organ's blood supply is blocked by the build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries (冠状动脉). It is the nation's biggest killer, claiming 101,000 lives in this country every year. Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked; if the blood supply is not restored, the section of the heart being supplied by the artery will die.
Scientists who take part in the experiment use some methods to get results- EXCEPI ________.
questionnaire
解析:1.细节题。在第二段中,作者先后提到了观察、数据采集、医学检查等,而questionnaire 不包括在研究范围中,故选D。
2.细节题。在第二段中,作者说到,“the study was published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine”,与A相反。“the team from University College London looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall”,B中,实验不是在这里做的,而是来自这里的研究员做的。由“looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall over a period of 11 years”,可知是研究员观察这些公务员11年,而不是公务员在白宫工作了11年,D错误。故选C。
3.细节题。由第三段“Considering that including a measurement of working hours in a GP interview is so simple and useful, our research presents a strong case that it should become standard practice.”可知教授对于这个研究非常自信。故A错误。C、D在文中没有提及。由“This new information should help improve decisions regarding medication for heart disease,”可知这项研究可为今后心脏病的治疗提供依据,故B正确。
4.细节题。由“the organ's blood supply is blocked by the build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries”“Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked; if the blood supply is not restored,the section of the heart being supplied by the artery will die.”可知脂肪沉积物会堵塞血管,而心脏病发作时,冠状血管被完全堵住,如果血液供给不能恢复,这段血管所供给的心脏就会死去。故A、B、D正确。而C中的逻辑和文中不同,其所说的“一旦恢复供血,这段心脏会继续工作”的说法文中没有提及。
5.主旨题。文中作者首先介绍了一项关于工作与心脏病的研究,包括研究的背景、方法、过程和结果。而后在文章最后一段,作者介绍现在心脏病发病的情况和心脏病发作的原理。这些研究都在证实一个事实,即:长时间的工作增加患心脏病的风险。故A、B、C的描述都不全面。只有D,“长时间工作增加心脏病发病率”最全面,是文章主要讨论的内容,故为本题答案。