正确答案: C

阿蒙森

题目：下列选项中，不属于15世纪到17世纪地理大发现时期的航海家是（ ）。

解析：阿蒙森（1872-1928）是挪威极地探险家。他在探险史上获得了两个“第一”：第一个航行于西北航道；第一个到达南极点。故他不属于15世纪到17世纪地理大发现时期的航海家。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the pre-reading stage?

To help students understand the content and structure of the text.

解析：考查阅读教学过程。开展读前活动的主要目的是引出话题，激发学生对文本的兴趣，明确阅读目的，为理解文本内容作铺垫。帮助学生理解文章大意、理顺文章结构是读中活动的目的。故选B。

[多选题]简要说明“多样化（variety）原则”在教学设计和课堂教学中的体现（10分），并简述实施多样化教学需要考虑的因素（10分）。

[单选题]指出下列推理中正确的一项是：( )

中国是发展中国家，中国是社会主义国家，所以，有的社会主义国家同时也是发展中国家

解析：A项不能由"有些人"的情况推出"王佳"的情况，错误；B项否定充前件不能否定后件，推理错误；C项是正确的推理；D项根据三段论推理的规则，只能推出"有些社会现象是没有阶级性的"，错误。故答案选C。

[单选题]下列音乐家中，创作了钢琴曲《致爱丽丝》的是( )。

贝多芬

解析：《献给爱丽丝》是贝多芬创作的一首钢琴小品。故选择B。A选项，肖邦，波兰钢琴家，音乐家。代表作是《革命练习曲》《小狗圆舞曲》等。C选项，舒伯特，奥地利浪漫主义音乐家，的代表作是《魔王》等。D选项，李斯特，匈牙利作曲家、钢琴家、音乐家，的代表作是《匈牙利狂想曲》。

[单选题]营业性歌厅、酒吧、网吧、未成年人不适宜进入的场所，应当设置明显的( )标志，不得允许未成年人进入。

未成年人禁止进入

解析：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第三十六条规定，中小学校园周边不得设置营业性歌舞娱乐场所、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所。营业性歌舞娱乐场所、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所，不得允许未成年人进入，经营者应当在显著位置设置未成年人禁入标志；对难以判明是否已成年的，应当要求其出示身份证件。故选择B。

[单选题] A decade ago, the idea that the planet was warming up as a result of human activity was largely theoretical. We knew that since the Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century, factories and power plants and automobiles and farms have been loading the atmosphere with heat-trapping gases, including carbon dioxide and methane (甲烷). But evidence that the climate was actually getting hotter was still murky. Not anymore. As an.authoritative report issued a few weeks ago by the United Nations-sponsored Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change makes plain, the trend toward a warmer world has unquestionably begun. Worldwide temperatures have climbed more than 0.5℃ over the past century, and the 1990s were the hottest decade on record. After analyzing data going back at least two decades on everything from air and ocean temperatures to the spread and retreat of wildlife, the IPCC asserts that this slow but steady warming has had an impact on no fewer than 420 physical processes and animals and plant species in all countries. Glaciers, including the legendary snows of Kilimanjaro, are disappearing from mountaintops around the globe. Coral reefs are dying off as the seas get too warm for comfort. Drought is the norm in parts of Asian and Africa. El Nino (厄尔尼诺) events, which trigger devastating weather in the eastern Pacific, are more frequent. The Arctic permafrost (永久冻土带) is starting to melt. Lakes and rivers in colder climates are freezing later and thawing earlier each year. Plants and animals are shifting their ranges pole-ward and to higher altitudes, and migration patterns for animals as diverse as polar bears, butterflies and beluga whales are being disrupted.

Temperatures all over the world ________.

were the highest in 1990s

解析：1.细节题。本题的定位在“A decade ago，the idea that the planet was warming up as a result of human activity was largely theoretical""but evidence that the climate was actually getting hotter was still murky…not anymore”即十年前，这种观点只是理论上的，证据是模糊的，而现在再不是了。故选D。 2.细节题。由文中“the trend toward a warmer world has unquestionably begun”，可见该机构的人员认为这种变暖毫无疑问已经开始了。A、B不符合文意，D没有提及。故选C正确。 3.细节题。定位为“worldwide temperatures have climbed more than 0.5℃ over the past century，and the 1990s were the hottest decade on record”，即在过去的一世纪中，世界气温上涨了0.5℃，而20世纪90年代是史上最热的十年。A项错误，C和D项没有提及。 4.细节题。关于亚洲和非洲的描述出现在文章的最后一段。其中提到了干旱，永久冻土带正在消融，河水和湖水的冰冻时间推后，日渐消融，植物和动物都不断向高海拔移动，动物的迁徙被打乱等等。B、C、D都没有提及，故选A，动物正向别处搬家正确。 5.主旨题。文章主要是介绍全球变暖对于地球上生物生活的影响，并没有介绍变暖的原因和责备人类造成了气候变暖，故B和C错误。D项过于偏颇。故选A。

[单选题]影响态度与品德学习的外部条件不包括( )。

道德认知

解析：影响态度与品德学习的外部条件包括：家庭教养方式、社会风气和同伴群体。故选择B。影响态度与品德学习的内部条件包括：认知失调、态度定势、道德认知。