正确答案: B

装修卡车司机

题目：小辉体育课在操场打篮球，被突入校内的装修卡车撞伤。对于小辉所受伤害，应当承担主要责任的是( )。

解析：《学生伤害事故处理办法》第八条规定：当事人的行为是损害后果发生的主要原因，应当承担主要责任；当事人的行为是损害后果发生的非主要原因，承担相应的责任。题干中，卡车司机是造成事故的主要原因，故选择B。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]复制文本可用的快捷键是( )。

ctrl+c

解析：ctrl+c为复制快捷键，故选择A。A选项，ctrl+v是粘贴。C选项，ctrl+x为剪切。D选项，ctrl+e为居中对齐。

[单选题]( )认为，一切的知识都是从感官的感知开始的。因而提倡实物教学和直观教学。

夸美纽斯

解析：夸美纽斯是教育学之父，首次提出并论证了直观性、系统性、量力性、巩固性和自觉性等一系列教学方法。故选择D。夸美纽斯的其它考点：作品《大教学论》。提出泛智教育一一把广泛的自然知识传授给普通的人：提出教育要遵循人的自然发展的原则；首次从理论上对班级授课制作了论述，规定了百科全书式的课程。A项，赫尔巴特被称为"科学教育学之父"，代表作《普通教育学》，主要教育观点包括：①将伦理学和心理学作为教育学的理论基础；②强调教师的权威作用，强调教师的中心地位，形成了传统教育教师中心、教材中心、课堂中心的特点；⑧提出"四阶段教学"理论。将教学过程分为清楚、联想、系统和方法四个阶段。后由他的学生齐勒修改为预备、提示、比较、总括、应用五段，称"五段教学法"；④教育性教学原则："我想不到有任何无教学的教育，正如相反方面，我不承认有任何无教育的教学。"；⑤教育的目的：培养良好的社会公民。B项，布鲁纳，美国认知主义心理学家，结构主义和发现教学方法；学科中心主义（结构主义）课程论，60年代发起课程改革运动：引导一发现教学模式的理论基础：认为一般迁移是教育过程的核心。C项，凯洛夫前苏联教育家，他的《教育学》，被公认为世界上第一部马克思主义的教育学著作，对我国建国后乃至现在的教育都产生了很大的影响。

[单选题]选择和确立教育目的时，在基本价值取向方面，长期存在的对立是( )的对立。

个人本位与社会本位

解析：选择和确立教育目的时，在基本价值取向方面，长期存在的对立是个人本位和社会本位的对立。

[单选题]在教学的各种备课中最为深入，最为具体的是( )。

课时备课

解析：课时备课一般包括教学内容、教学目标、教学重难点、课时安排等。课时备课是对教材内容进行详细设计的具体细节的备课，它是根据教材总的指导思想，深入到教材和教法的具体细节中去，挖掘教材，研究教法，理清思路，从知识到方法逐一设计。故选择C。

[单选题]对班级授课制进行系统论证的教育家是( )。

夸美纽斯

解析：捷克教育家夸美纽斯对班级授课制从理论上加以总结和论证，使它基本确定下来，以后，又经过赫尔巴特等教育家进行补充，使它进一步完善。故选择D。夸美纽斯其他考点包括首次提出班级授课制：提出教育要遵循人的自然发展的原则：提出"泛智教育"；规定了百科全书式的课程；首次提出并论证了直观性、系统性、量力性、巩固性和自觉性等一系列教学方法。A选项，福禄贝尔是个人本位论的代表人物，个人本位教育目的论的观点是从个体本能需要出发，强调教育要服从人的成长规律和满足人的需要：注重教育对个人的价值；主张教育的目的是培养"自然人"，发展人的个性，增进人的价值，促使个人自我实现。B选项，奥苏贝尔，美国认知教育心理学家。他认为，学校情境中的成就动机至少应包括三方面的内驱力，即认知内驱力、自我提高内驱力、附属内驱力。自我提高内驱力，是个体要求凭自己胜任工作的才能和工作成就而赢得相应地位的愿望。自我提高内驱力把成就看作是赢得地位与自尊心的根源，它显然是一种外部的动机。C选项，蒙台梭利是，意大利幼儿教育家，蒙台梭利教育法的创始人。她的教育方法源自于其在于儿童工作过程中，所观察到的儿童自发性学习行为总结而成。倡导学校应为儿童设计量身定做的专属环境，并提出了"吸收性心智"、"敏感期"等概念。

[单选题]未经逐步分析、迅速对问题的答案作出合理猜测、设想或突然领悟的思维是( )。

直觉思维

解析：本题考查了思维的分类。逻辑思维是指在思维过程中以概念、判断、推理的形式来反映事物本质属性和内在规律的思维：直觉思维是未经逐步分析就迅速对问题答案作出合理的猜测、设想或突然领悟的思维：形象思维是在思维过程中借助于表象而进行的思维：动作思维是指在思维过程中要以具体、实际动作作为支柱而进行的思维，这种思维所要解决的任务目标一般总是直观的、具体的。

[单选题]对于操作技能和心智技能的区别，表述不正确的是( )。

操作技能的动作可以合并，心智技能的动作则不能合并

解析：本题考查了操作技能和心智技能的理解。操作技能的特点是：客观性、外显性、展开性。与操作技能相对，心智技能的特点是：观念性、内隐性、缩略性。动作技能不能合并，心智技能可以合并，故C选项，是不正确的。

[单选题] There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "labor-market premium to skill"-or the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduate earned-decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance since the 1980s. In 2005, the typical full-time year- round U.S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $50,900,62% more than the $31,500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma. There's no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn't come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $49,260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the Uruversity of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($35,542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there? Not likely. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren't evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product-like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider. As with automobiles, consumers in today's college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world's hottest consumer trend, maybe it's best to characterize it as a hybrid (混合动力汽车):an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends.

Students who attend an in-state university can ________ in Colorado.

save a half than out-state students on tuition

解析：1.推断题。文中第三段倒数第二句提到“Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there?”即在 Colorado内的学生支付的学费是$17380，仅为州外学生的一半，故选C。A、B、D都没有提到。 2.细节题。文中第二段第一句提到“…the“labor-market premium to skill”-or the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduate earned-decreased for much of the 20th century”即在20世纪，大学生和高中毕业生之间的工资差距越来越少，选项C符合题意，故选C。 3.细节题。文中第三段有一系列的反问句，最后两句说“Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17，380) there? Not likely.”即更高的学费并不代表以后会有更高的收入，即它们之间的关系很小，故选B。 4.细节题。文中第一段最后一句提到“…fund four years of partying，as well as studying， can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends”即：不像是许多银行的股票，四年的学习应该可以带来巨大的利润。即把大学教育当成了一项明智的投资，故选D。 5.态度题。文中最后一段最后一句提到“In keeping with the automotive world's hottest consumer trend, maybe it's best to characterize it as a hybrid; an expensive consumer product that, over time，will pay rich dividends”即大学是项昂贵的投资，但随着时间的推移，可能会有很丰富的利润，故选B。

[单选题]中学生熊某曾经偷拿过同学的财物，班主任总是以此为由，不让他参加班级活动，该班主任的做法（ ）。

不正确，不得歧视犯错误学生

解析：熊某曾经是有偷窃的不良行为，但作为老师，对不良行为的未成年人应当加强教育、管理，不得歧视。本题中，班主任不让他参加班级活动就是歧视犯错误的学生。故本题选B。