正确答案: B

古代教育

题目：教育脱离生产劳动这一特点是出现在( )。

解析：古代学校教育与生产劳动相脱离，具有非生产性。故选择B。古代教育的其它特点有：古代产生了学校是统治阶级的工具；具有阶级性、等级性；表现出道统性、专制性、刻板性和象征性：尚未形成复杂的结构体系。A项，原始社会的教育特点包括自发性、广泛性、无等级性；教育是在生产劳动和社会生活中进行的；教育内容简单，教育方法单一。C项，近代教育的特征包括国家加强了对教育的重视和干预，公立教育崛起；初等义务教育的普遍实施（义务教育最早起源于16世纪的德国）；教育的世俗化；重视教育立法，倡导以法治教；出现了双轨制：形成了较系统的近代学校教育制度。D项，现代教育的特点包括教育的终身化；教育的全民化；教育的民主化；教育的多元化；教育的现代化。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]学生通过学习查阅文献，像历史学家研究分析史料那样，在求知过程中组织自己的知识，这种学习属于( )。

发现学习

解析：发现学习是指学生要学习的概念、原理等内容不直接呈现，需要学生通过独立思考、探索、发现而获得。故选择B。A选项，接受学习是将学生要学习的概念、原理等内容以结论的方式呈现在学生面前，教师传授，学生接受。C选项，机械学习是指当前的学习没有与已有知识建立某种有意义的联系。D选项，操作技能也叫动作技能、运动技能，是通过学习而形成的合乎法则的程序化、自动化和完善化的操作活动方式。如骑车、绘画、体操、跳舞等都属于操作技能。

[单选题]幼儿对自己做错事感到内疚的情感是理智感的体现。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：理智感是人在理智活动过程中认识、探求和维护真理的需要是否得到满足而产生的主观体验。而道德感是指人依据一定的道德需要和规范评价自己和他人的言行时所产生的内心体验。幼儿对自己做错事感到内疚是根据一定的道德需要评价自己的行为而产生内疚的内心体验，故本题是错误的。

[单选题]活动和交往是学生品德形成的( )。

基础

解析：学生思想品德的形成是学生在活动和交往的基础上，不断积累起新的品质的过程。

[单选题]/s/and/θ/can be distinguished by_______.

place of articulation

解析：本题考查辅音的分类。按照发音方式( manner of articulation)，/s/和/θ/均属于擦音；按照发音部位( place of articulation)，/s/是齿龈音，/θ/是齿音；二者都是清辅音且都送气，故本题选B。

[单选题]According to the affective-filter hypothesis,________is NOT an affective factorinfluencing language learning.

intelligence

解析：本题考查二语习得。题于：根据情感过滤假说， 不是影响语言学习的有效因素。根据克拉申的情感过滤假说，语言学习的好坏因人而异，差别主要产生于心理方面的因素。因学习者在学习动机、态度、信心等情感方面的强度不同，形成强弱不同的心理障碍。第二语言习得的过程受到许多情感因素的影响。语言输入必须通过情感过滤才有可能变成语言“吸收”。态度、动力和兴趣都属于情感的范畴。intelligence“智力”不属于该范畴。故本题选D。

[单选题]22.请阅读Passage 2,完成第1～5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Birds are a critical part of our ecological system.But more than ever,birds are threatened byhuman pollution and climate change. 　　We need the birds to eat insects,move seeds and pollen around,transfer nutrients from sea toland,clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs,or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest. 　　How could we enjoy spring without the birds fiitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the fiowers in our urban window box? Can you “contemplate” America without the soaring bald eagle,or even those scavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scrapson our city streets and waterfronts? How diminished our lives would be without “them”? 　　Scavenging eagles and condors need hunters to behave responsibly and bury,or remove,theremains of any shot deer peppered with fragments of lead bullets.loons,ducks and other water birds will be poISOned by lead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop intheir feeding space. 　　All sea and shore birds,even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians,need us to make sure that no other heavy metals,like mercury and cadmium,are dumped in rivers and make their way across the oceans. 　　Birds like the terns,knots and shearwaters that migrate between the far north and deep,deep,south of our planet need people everywhere to cease and desist from filling in their wetland fuelstops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts and factories in their feeding and breeding grounds. 　　Seabirds are among the most endangered vertebrate species on the planet,with the International Union for Conservation of Nature classifying 97 species as globally threatened,and 17 in thehighest category of critically threatened.Of greatest concern are the pelicans of the southern oceans and the spectacular,but slow-breeding albatross. 　　Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don'tmistakenly carry such debris back to feed their chicks,with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross,cormorants and herons need us to stop over-fishing and compromising their normal foodsupply. 　　The pelicans,pengujns and all the birds that inhabit,or visit,our coastlines need us to ensurethat we do not dump oil into gulfs and bays,or release so much carbon dioxide into the atmospherethat the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels and oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton thatfeeds so many creatures,and the coral reefs that nurture enormous numbers of edible species. 　　Think about it:We share this small green planet.As they fly,feed and nest,the birds monitorthe health of the natural world for us,provided that we,in turn,make the effort to access that keyinformation.The birds and humans are both large,complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms that inhabitthe top ofthe food chain.At the end of the day,their fate will be our fate.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“contemplate” in PARAGRAPH THREE?

Think about.

解析：词汇题。根据第三段可知，作者的目的是让读者想象没有鸟类的生活会变成什么样，故推测contemplate的意思为“考虑，思量”。故本题选B。