正确答案: D

morphological level

题目：lfa teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with "that" "which" or "whom" he/she is least likely focusing on grammar at________.

解析：本题考查语法教学内容。题干：如果教师让学生用that/which/whom进行填空，那么他／她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面？lexical level“词汇层面”，syntactic level“句法层面”，discourse level“语篇层面”，morphological level“形态学层面”。语法教学的内容不仅包括语言形式／结构，还包括语意和语用。语言形式／结构包括词法、句法等；语意包括语法形式与结构的意义；语用指语言在一定的语境、语篇中的表意功能。该教师让学生选择关系代词填空，目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式、意义和运用。形态学是研究词的内部结构和构词规则的科学。故本题选D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]学生学习了杠杆的力臂原理，再学习定滑轮的知识，理解了定滑轮实质上是一种等臂杠杆，这种学习属于( )。

下位学习

解析：下位学习又称类属学习，是指将概括程度或包含程度较低的新概念或命题归属到认知结构中已有的、概括程度或包含程度更高的适当概念或命题之下的学习，从而获得新概念或新命题的意义。题干中"定滑轮的实质工作原理"归属于"杠杆原理"。故这种学习属于下位学习。

[单选题] After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 am on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren't resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations, The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

The smart buildings discussed in the Passage ________.

would be worthwhile though costly

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第三段第二句“…changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.”可知是因为建筑法规在20年内的改变，使地震中的伤亡人数相对不高。故选项D正确。 2.细节题。根据短文第五段最后一句“When the ground shakes and the building tips forward，the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.”可知当地面晃动，建筑物向前倾斜时，电脑会迫使它向相反的方向改变，从而保持平衡。故选项A正确。 3.细节题。文章最后一段指出“The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However，they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.”可知这种新型的智能结构虽然昂贵但是很值得建造。选项A、C文中没有提到，选项D的表述与原文不一致．故选项B正确。 4.推断题。根据短文第五段可知，过去人们认为建筑材料对减少地震损失很重要，但那是以前的方法，排除选项A、B。而现在重点强调的办法是减少地面震动。选项D文章没有提及，故选C。 5.主旨题。纵观短文可看出作者是通过描述发生在洛杉矶的地震来指出抗震技术的提高。选项A是说地震结果的比较，不是文章重点，选项B、C与原文表述不符，故选项D正确。

[单选题]PWP approach for teaching writing includes the following parts except ________.

intensive-writing

解析：考查写作教学模式。PWP模式，就是把英语写作教学的全过程划分为三个阶段，即写前(pre-writing)、写中(while-writing)、写后(post-writing)。这种教学模式是新课程标准所倡导的以学生为中心、以活动为载体的教学模式。

[单选题] Plants and animals that have been studied carefully seem to have built-in clocks.These biological clocks, as they are called, usually are not quite exact in measuring time.However, they work pretty well because they are "reset" each day, when the sun comes up. Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find directions from the sun?We can keep pigeons in a room lit only by lamps.And we can program the lighting to produce artificial "days", different from the day outside.After a while we have shifted their clocks.Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day.Most of them start out as if they know just which way to go, but choose a wrong direction.They have picked a direction that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks. It is known and experimented that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun.But what happens when the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is?Then the pigeons still find their way home.The same experiment has been repeated many times on sunny days and the result was always the same.But on very overcast days clock-shifted pigeons are just as good as normal pigeons in starting out in the right directions.So it seems that pigeons also have some extra sense of direction to use when they cannot see the sun. Naturally, people have wondered whether pigeons might have a built-in compass-something that would tell them about the directions of the earth′s magnetic field.One way to test that idea would be to see if a pigeon′s sense of direction can be fooled by a magnet attached to its back. With a strong magnet close by, a compass can no longer tell direction. To test the idea, a group of ten pigeons had strong little magnet bars attached to their backs. Another group carried brass bars instead which were not magnetic.In a number of experiments, both groups were taken away from home and let go.On sunny days none of the magnet-pigeons was fooled.They were just as good as the brass-pigeons in starting out in the right direction toward home.On cloudy, overcast days, however, with no sun the brass-pigeons chose the right direction, but the magnet-pigeons were in trouble.They later started out in different directions and acted completely lost.

Which is true about pigeons′ finding directions?

They use the earth′s magnetic field and the sun to find directions.

解析：1.根据第一段中的"However，they work pretty well because they are"reset"each day，when the sun comes up."与第二段的实验可推知B项正确。 2.根据第二段中"And we can program the lighting to produce artificial"days"，different from the day outside.After a while we have shifted their clocks."可以得知D项正确。 3.根据文中研究太阳和地球磁场对鸽子生物钟影响的实验可知，二者都能帮助鸽子辨别方向。因此C项正确。 4.文章中以"Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find directions from the sun?"提出问题，然后通过实验来解答问题。即采用了提出问题一解答问题的模式，因此A项正确。 5.根据文章尾段的最后一个实验可知，在晴天的时候，两组鸽子都能准确辨别方向，因此鸽子在晴天是根据太阳辨别方向，跟磁场无关；在阴天时，背上无磁性铜棒的鸽子才能正确辨别方向，背上有磁棒的鸽子则不能，因此在阴天鸽子根据磁场辨别方向。综上可知，作者意在说明鸽子在不同的天气用不同的方法辨别方向。因此B项正确。