正确答案: B

为人师表

题目：教师职业道德区别于其他职业道德的显著标志是()。

解析：教师职业道德区别于其他职业道德的显著标志是为人师表。故选择B。AD选项其他职业也适用，并不是教师职业独有的。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]小童和小刚都是年满15周岁的中学生，上课期间老师出门接电话，二人争吵扭打起来，小童被击中眼部，导致失明，在此事件中应当承担事故责任的是( )。

学校及小刚

解析：《学生伤害事故处理办法》第十条规定：学生违反法律法规的规定，违反社会公共行为准则、学校的规章制度或者纪律，实施按其年龄和认知能力应当知道具有危险或者可能危及他人的行为的，应当依法承担相应的责任。案例中的小刚年满十五岁，应该对其造成小童受伤的行为承担主要责任。《学生伤害事故处理办法》第九条规定：因下列情形之一造成的学生伤害事故，学校应当依法承担相应的责任：其中第十款规定，学校教师或者其他工作人员在负有组织、管理未成年学生的职责期间，发现学生行为具有危险性，但未进行必要的管理、告诫或者制止的。题目中的老师上课期间出去接电话，对学生课间的争吵扭打行为没有及时制止，学校对事件应承担次要责任。故选择B。《学生伤害事故处理办法》第二十八条规定：未成年学生对学生伤害事故负有责任的，由其监护人依法承担相应的赔偿责任。由于小刚只有十五岁，其造成的责任应由其监护人承担赔偿责任，而非事故责任。故排除A、D

[单选题]下列选项中，年龄与称谓对应不正确的是( )。

男子50岁一一不惑之年

解析：男子50岁称为半百、知天命：男子40称之为不惑、强壮之年。故选择D。

[单选题]已知法学10级3班有36人，假定下列四种说法有两个为真，其余为假( )。(1)并非法学10级3班所有同学都去过庐山。(2)法学10级3班王芳和李娜都去过庐山。(3)只有法学10级3班有人去过庐山，才能说该班张斐既去过庐山，也去过三清山。(4)并非法学10级3班没有同学去过庐山。依据上述假定及其给定条件，下列判断为真的选项是：

王芳、李娜、张斐都没有去过庐山

解析：说法(1)等值于"有些法学10级3班的同学没去过庐山"，说法(4)等值于"有些法学10级3班的同学去过庐山"，这两种说法是下反对关系，必有一真，由四种说法有两个为真，则说法(2)和(3)只有一真，说法(3)只有在"法学10级3班没有人去过庐山，该班张斐既去过庐山也去过三清山"的情况下为假，此说法本身是矛盾的，因此(3)必然为真，(2)为假。则说法(1)为真，说法(4)为假，即"法学10级3班没有同学去过庐山"，故选择D项。

[单选题]提出心智动作按阶段形成的理论的是( )。

加里培林

解析：加里培林从20世纪50年代开始从事心智动作形成的研究，并于1954年正式系统总结了有关的研究成果，提出了心智动作按阶段形成的理论。

[单选题]小秋是小学二年级的学生，在学校里十分调皮，上课常常发出一些奇怪的声响引起其他同学的注意，每次老师都要对其严厉制止，为此打断课程，许多老师十分头疼。为了改变小秋这一行为，班主任和其他几位任课老师商量，决定以后小秋每次发出奇怪声响时，老师都继续上课不予理睬，慢慢地，小秋也就不再发出声响了。这一案例中班主任采用的方法属于( )。

消退

解析：一个经过一段时间强化的行为不再被强化，就会逐渐消失，即消退，C选项正确。强化是指通过某一事物增强某种行为的过程，A选项、B选项错误。惩罚是指一个行为发生后，带来的直接结果令人不快，那么这种行为将来不太可能被重复，D选项错误。由题干中老师对小秋的行为不予理睬，可知老师采用的是消退的心理战术。

[单选题]科尔伯格有关儿童道德判断发展的研究中，寻求认可取向阶段属于( )。

习俗水平

解析：科尔伯格以为道德判断可分为前习俗水平、习俗水平和后习俗水平。每个水平包括两个阶段，习俗水平的两个阶段是寻求认可取向和遵守法规取向阶段。

[单选题] Like most people, I've long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I'm treated as a person. Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they'd never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I'd been. I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I'd be sitting at their table, waiting to be served. Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked-cordially. I soon found out differently, I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me. My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry. It's no secret that there's a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others' needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn't get the difference between server and servant. I'm now applying to graduate school, which means someday I'll. return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I'll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.

How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?

She found it natural for professionals to treat her as an inferior.

解析：1.细节题。文中第一段提到，作者知道人们会以职位来判断一个人的智力；最后一句提到“1 was disappointed to see'that it also decides how I'm treated as a person.”故选C。 2.推断题，文中第二段提到，作者在做服务生时，一个打着电话的客人把他赶走，一分钟后又打手势让他过去，还说一直找不到他，即客人很不尊重服务员，故选B。 3.推断题。文中倒数第二段提到了这句话，从作者的意思来看，很多客人不尊重服务员，把他们当成了仆人来使唤，这让作者很不满意，故选项C符合题意。 4.细节题。文中第三段第二句提到“But at 19 years old，I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults.”即在19岁时，作者认为受到下等人的对待是应该的，即是件很自然的事，故选D。 5.推断题。根据全文的意思判断，作者对那些把服务员当成仆人的客人很不满，以后带着客户去吃饭，应该是想观察一下客户对服务员的态度，从中反映出他们是什么样的人，选项B符合题意。

[多选题]听力技能是语言技能的重要内容之一。请简述听力基本技能包括哪些内容(10分)，并选择其中的三项技能，列举出合理的训练方式(10分)。