正确答案: B

如果小孙会打网球，那么他一定不会游泳

题目："小孙并非既会游泳又会打网球。"根据以上表述，下列哪项断定必然为真？( )

解析：此题考查联言命题的推理规则。题干的意思是"小孙既会游泳又会打网球"为假，根据联言命题的推理规则"当命题为假时，肯定其中一个分支，则可以推出另外的分支为假"，可知应当选择B项。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]教育者要在儿童发展的关键期施以相应的教育，这是因为人的教育具有( )。

不均衡性

解析：个体身心发展的不平衡性表现在两个方面：一是同一方面的发展速度在不同的年龄阶段变化是不平衡的。二是不同方面发展的不平衡性。发展关键期是指身体或心理的某一方面机能和能力最适宜于形成的时期。在这一时期，对个体某一方面的训练可以获得最佳成效，并能充分发挥个体在这一方面的潜力。教育教学工作要抓住关键期，以求在最短时间内取得最佳的效果。

[单选题]个人面对问题情境时，能随机应变，对同一问题想出多种不同类型的答案，这表明思维具有( )。

变通性

解析：变通性又叫作灵活性，指个人面对问题情境时，不墨守成规，不钻牛角尖，能随机应变，触类旁通。对同一个问题所想出不同类型的答案越多者，变通性越高。

[单选题]下列学习理论中，学生观强调引导儿童从原有的知识经验中"生长"出新的知识经验的是( )。

建构主义学习理论

解析：建构主义学习理论主张认识和学习是表征和反映真实客观事实的过程，注重学习者的内部过程，包括对新信息的意义建构和对原有经验的改造和重组。建构主义理论中有两个关键词，即"建构"和"生长"。

[多选题]情绪情感与认识过程的不同之处在于( )。

多维层面上表现出两极性

一种主观体验

伴有表情变化

解析：情绪情感与认知过程虽然都伴有生理变化，但生理变化的不同时期的情绪情感与认识过程都相应的有不同的特点，故不选C。

[单选题]张老师这段时间对工作失去了热情，觉得工作没意思，同时总感觉疲劳，工作效率不高，那么张老师目前的状态属于职业倦怠( )方面的表现。

情绪耗竭

解析：职业倦怠一般包括以下三方面：去个性化、情绪耗竭、个人成就感低。情绪耗竭也称为情感衰竭：指没有活力，没有工作热情，感到自己的感情处于极度疲劳的状态。它被发现为职业倦怠的核心纬度，并具有最明显的症状表现。题干中，对工作失去热情，属于情绪耗竭。故选择C。去个性化，也称去人格化：指刻意在自身和工作对象间保持距离，对工作对象和环境采取冷漠、忽视的态度，对工作敷衍了事，个人发展停滞，行为怪僻，提出调度申请等。低个人成就感：指倾向于消极地评价自己，并伴有工作能力体验和成就体验的下降，认为工作不但不能发挥自身才能，而且是枯燥无味的繁琐事物。

[多选题]一位教师在课堂上．先直接讲解了虚拟语气的语法规则，然后呈现了几个例句： (1)I wish I had not failed the English examination. (2)I wish I had been there yesterday. (3)He wishes he had met her at the street corner. 接着让学生进行各种替换练习、句子练习等训练。 请问该教师使用了哪种语法教学方法？该方法有什么优缺点？与此相对应的方法是什么？有什么优点？

[单选题]In the pre-reading part, teachers should do the following except ________.

organizing to analyze the reading content

解析：考查阅读教学活动。读前活动有激发学生的阅读动机，提供有关话题的背景知识，扫清阅读理解上的文化障碍并学习新词，根据题目预测文章内容等。组织学生分析阅读课文是读中活动。

[单选题] On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however, children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%. "Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents," says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children's timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home.(Nevertheless, children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable mounts of time interacting with their parents,19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids."Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself," says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free time" watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they're spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren't replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let's face it, who's got the time?

According to Sandra Hofferth, the main reason leading to "the same time crunch" of children is that ________.

more mothers are working outside the home

解析：1.推断题。文中第三段提到“Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself”即玩耍是儿童探索世界和了解自己最有效的方式，D选项符合题意，故选D。 2.细节题。文中第一段提到，现在的孩子每周待在学校的时间比1981年多8个小时，而且参加更多如足球、芭蕾舞等活动，尤其在体育运动上花费的时间也增多了；分别对应选项中的A、B、D。最后一句提到“children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to25%”，即孩子放松、玩耍的时间变少了。所以C选项不是现在孩子面临的情况，故选C。 3.细节题。文中第二段第二句提到“A chief reason，she says，is that more mothers are working outside the home.”主要原因是更多的妈妈们在外面工作，故选A。 4.细节题。文中第三段最后一句话提到“Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it．”即无组织的玩耍可以鼓励孩子的独立思考，但是3到12岁的孩子每周只有12个小时的时间做这些。所以D选项做更多有组织的活动，是现在孩子的一个很麻烦的问题。 5.细节题。文中最后一段提到，即使他们在电视上花费的时间更少的话，“Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books，the children spent just over an hour a week reading.”即每个孩子每周在阅读上花费的时间也只是一个多小时，故选项D正确。