正确答案:

题目：在语法教学中，语法练习的形式有哪几种（12分）?请对任意两种练习形式进行举例说明（8分）。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]万老师教学很认真，经常辛辛苦苦从上课讲到下课，嗓门特别大，被同事戏称为"全天候广播员"，可教学效果一直不好，万老师需要反思的是( )。

教学方式

解析：教学方式是指教师在要求学生获取知识，提高能力，获取学习方法的过程中所采用的方式。包括谈话式、谈论式、归纳式讲授式、重难点讲授法、实践活动式等。教师努力教学效果不佳，最有可能的原因就是方式问题，故选择B。A选项，王老师"教学很认真，经常辛辛苦苦"，说明教学态度没有问题，排除A。C选项，教学目的（教学目标）是教育者在教育教学的过程中，在完成某一阶段（如一节课、一个单元或一个学期）工作时，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的预期变化。题干没有明确显示教师的预期或要求不合理，排除C。D选项，教学条件主要指教学的物质和社会环境，题干没有明确显示条件简陋等环境问题，故排除D。

[单选题]根据学习的定义，下列属于学习现象的是( )。

儿童模仿电影中人物的行为

解析：吃了酸的食物流唾液、蜘蛛织网都是本能活动，望梅止渴是条件反射。

[单选题]"动物尤其是略微高等的动物，完全同人一样，生来就有一种由遗传而得到的潜在的教育，其效果见诸于个体的发展过程。"这句话是说教育的产生与( )相关。

生物起源论

解析：生物起源论认为动物界也存在教育，是一种遗传的本能。

[单选题]义务教育具有强制性、免费性和( )。

普及性

解析：义务教育是依据法律规定，适龄儿童和少年必须接受的，国家、社会、学校、家庭必须予以保证的国民教育。义务教育是强迫教育，具有强制性（义务性）、公益性（免费性）和普及性（统一性）。

[单选题] Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone's personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person", you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms. People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's or the hero's role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.

According to this Passage, some animals have the gift of ________.

recognizing human faces

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第一段第一句“Faces，like fingerprints，are unique.”可知人的面部特征和指纹一样，都是独特的，都是不同的。故选D。 2.细节题。短文第一段最后一句指出“Yet a very young child-or even an animal， such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces.”即有些动物，例如鸽子就有辨认面部特征的天赋。故选项 D正确。 3.推理题。根据短文最后一段最后两句可知，现在的演员不再戴能区分他们是好人还是坏人的面具，但是观众还是能够判断出剧中的好人和坏人，这是因为演员在外貌和行为动作上将两种人进行了区分，所以可推断出演员最懂得人的性格特征。故选项B正确。 4.细节题。纵观全文可知，区分不同类型的人事因为人的外表face，appearance(即 physical characteristics)和行为特征actionf即behavioral characteristics)不同。故选项A正确。 5.主旨题。短文中没有谈及为什么必须要确定人的个性特征．故A不对。选项C、D 与文章内容无关，也可排除。选项B最能概括文章的主要内容，故B正确。

[单选题] There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possible months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bulk on the foundation of the short-range goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.

New short-term goals are built upon ________.

the goals that have been completed

解析：1.细节题。短文第一段指出“…our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals.”即长期目标是否有意义，取决于我们是否打好了基础，即是否完成了短期目标。故选项A正确。 2.细节题。短文第一段最后一句指出“…then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.”由此可知，我们应该根据已完成的目标来确立新的短期目标。故答案为D。 3.细节题。短文第二段指出“As you complete each step，you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed.”即每完成一步，你就会更加相信你成长和成功的能力。故选项C正确。 4.细节题。短文最后两句指出“Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long- term goal to limit us or our course of action.”即人生不会静止不变。我们决不应当让目标束缚我们的手脚，限制我们的行动进程。由此可知目标不是固定不变的，人们可以根据需要改变目标。故选项B正确。 5.推断题。短文主要讲述了三种目标的特点和作用，同时也指出了树立目标的重要性。由此可推断，作者认为每一个人都应该确立一个目标。故选项D正确。

[单选题]孙老师给小华写了这样的评语，"填空题错了一题，其他题型全部答对，能够非常好地运用循环小数的简便记法等知识，等级评定为优秀。"关于孙老师的做法，下列选项中不正确的是( )。

孙老师以分数作为评价标准

解析：新课程改革的推进过程中，要建立与素质教育理念相一致的评价与考试制度，主要体现在评价的发展性、评价内容综合化、评价方式多样化、评价主体的多元化、评价过程的动态化。题干中，孙老师行为符合新课改倡导评价方式，没有以分数作为评价学生的唯一标准，故选择A。

[单选题]关于现代教育的"社会目的"，下列表述中不恰当的是( )。

复制、再生产现有的社会存在模式

解析：政治经济制度虽然对教育目的具有决定作用，但是教育目的有相对独立性，并不是完全复制、再生产现有的社会存在模式。

[单选题] Man still has a lot to learn about the most powerful and complex part of his body-the brain. In ancient times men did not think that the brain was the center of mental activity. Aristotle, the philosopher of ancient Greece, thought that the mind was based in the heart. It was not until the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind. During the 19th century scientists found that when certain parts of the brain were damaged, men lost the ability to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity. But modern research has found that this is not so. It is not easy to say exactly what each part of the brain does. In the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the brain. Chemists and biologists have found that the way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought. In fact many people believe that we are only now really starting to learn the truth about how the human brain works. The more scientists find out, the more questions they are unable to answer. For instance, chemists have found that over 100,000 chemical reactions take place in the brain every second. Mathematicians who have tried to use computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos. Some recent research also suggests that we remember everything that happens to us. We may not be able to recall this information, but it is all stored in our brains. Scientists hope that if we can discover how the brain works, the better use we will be able to put it to For example, how do we learn language? Some children learn to speak, read and write when they are very young compared to average children But scientists are not sure why this happens They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we teach language to children which in fact prevents children from learning sooner.

What does the author want to convey in the Passage?

The history and future of brain researches.

解析：1.主旨题。第一段点明文章主题，第二段和第三段讲的是历史上人们对于大脑的认识，而后几段是近些年人类对于大脑的科学研究。观察此题选项，A、C、D都只是其中的一部分，只有B最为全面。 2.细节题。本题的定位点在文章的第二段和第三段，根据“the mind was based in the heart”，可见那时人们认为脑子的工作是基于心的，故A错误。而文章只说了心脏和脑子的关系，并没有说心脏是人类行为的控制中心，故C排除。又根据19世纪的认知，“people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity”，即不同的大脑部位控制不同的行为，可知B，大脑各部分合作控制行为错误，故选D。 3.细节题。此句可以翻译为“人们意识到在人的意识活动时，整个大脑都参与”，故A、 B、D都正确，只有C逻辑不对，我们思维活动时只需要大脑这句话没有提及。 4.细节题。“Mathematicians who have tried to use computers to copy the way the brain works”，由此可知数学家只是尝试用电脑模拟大脑的活动，而非为模拟大脑活动而建了一个电脑，A与原文不符，为本题答案。 5.态度题。作者全文都在陈述人类在不同时期对于大脑的探索，一直在陈述事实，不带感情色彩，也没有对于什么观点有评论，故选D，作者的语气是客观的。