正确答案: C

吕蒙

题目：与"士别三日，当刮目相看"有关的是( )。

解析：C选项"士别三日，当刮目相看"是三国吴国名将吕蒙的典故。吕蒙的成语还包括：吴下阿蒙。故选C。A吕布有关的成语典故包括：三姓家奴等。B张飞有关的成语典故包括：桃园三结义、三英战吕布等。D司马懿有关的成语典故包括：徒有虚名等。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]( )应当建立、健全安全制度和应急机制，对学生进行安全教育。

学校

解析：《中华人民共和国义务教育法》第二十四条规定：学校应当建立、健全安全制度和应急机制，对学生进行安全教育，加强管理，及时消除隐患，预防发生事故。故选择C。

[多选题]教学手段是教育活动的出发点和归宿。( )

解析：教育目的是教育活动的出发点和依据，也是教育活动的归宿。只有确定了教育目的，教育活动才能有组织、有计划、有系统地向着预定的方向进行。

[单选题]( )儿童的思维开始从具体形象思维为主过渡到抽象逻辑思维为主，但其逻辑思维仍需以具体形象思维为支柱。

四年级

解析：根据皮亚杰的认知发展理论，处在具体运算阶段（7-11岁）的学生，思维运算必须有具体的事物支持。其中，四年级儿童以具体形象概括为主要形式过渡到以抽象逻辑概括为主要形式的一个转折点（林崇德-《发展心理学》）。故选择D。

[单选题]科尔伯格研究儿童的道德认知所采用的方法是( )。

两难故事法

解析：科尔伯格研究儿童的道德认知所采用的方法是两难故事法，让被试者在两难推论中作出是非、善恶的判断并说明理由。这一系列两难推理故事中，最著名、最典型的是"海因兹偷药"的故事。

[单选题]The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagorasis best known today for his mathematicaltheorem, which haunts the dreams ofmany geometry students, but for centurieshe was also celebrated as the father ofvegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a “Pythagorean diet” for years, up until themodern vegetarian movement began in themid-1800s. 　　While Pythagoras was an early proponent of ameatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history. Most anthropologists agree that early humanswould have eaten a predominantly plant-based diet; after all, plants can't run away.Additionally, our digestive systems resemblethose of herbivores closer than carnivorous animals. Prehistoric man ate meat, of course,but plants formed the basis of his diet. 　　Pythagoras and his many followers practicedvegetarianism for several reasons, mainly dueto religious and ethical objections. Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls. Animalswere no exception, so meat and fish were banished from his table. Strangely enough, he also banished a vegetable that has a place ofhonor on most vegetarian menus today, thehumble bean. His followers were forbidden to eat or even touch beans, because he thought beans and humans were created from thesame material. Fava beans were especially bad, as they have hollow steams that could allow the souls of the dead to travel up fromthe soil into the growing beans. 　　While the edict against beans was liftednot long after Pythagoras' death, hisfollowers continued to eat a meatless diet.His principles influenced generations of academics and religious thinkers, and it was a group of these like-minded individuals whofounded the Vegetarian Society in English inthe mid-1800s. The virtues of temperance,abstinence and self-control were all tied tovegetarian ideals, while lust, drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich in meat products. Notable earlyvegetarians included Leo Tolstoy, George Bernard Shaw, Mahatma Gandhi and American Bronson Alcott, a Transcendentalist teacher,reformer and the father of “Little Women”author Louisa May Alcott. 　　It wasn't until the 1960s that vegetarianismmoved into mainstream American life and themovement's growth picked up speed in the 1970s when a young graduate student namedFrancis Moore Lappe wrote a book called Diet for a Small Planet. In it, she advocated ameatless diet not for ethical or moral reasons,but because plant-based foods have muchless impact on the environment than meat does. Today, many vegetarians refuse meat because of animal rights issues, or concernsover animal treatment, a principle first espoused in Peter Singer's 1975 work AnimalLiberation.

Which of the following might be the besttitle for the passage?

The History of Vegetarianism

解析：句意“文章的最合适的题目是什么？”。A项，意为“素食主义发展史”；B项，意为“素食主义之父”；C项，意为“素食主义拥护者”；D项，意为“素食主义的好处”。文章从素食主义之父说起，又按照时间的顺序介绍了不同时期的素食主义者及不吃肉的原因，故A项“素食主义发展史”为文章的题目。故选择A。