正确答案: D

having children is highly valued by the public

题目：请阅读 Passage 2,完成 1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　It's no srprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful,provocative magazine cover story,"I love My Children,I Hate My Life",is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking ofit as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard.Senior writes that "the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight." 　　The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.There are also stories about newly adoptive-and newly single-mom sandra Bullock,as well as the usual "Jennifer Aniston is pregnant" news.Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands. 　　In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation,is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn't seem quite fair,then,to compare the regrets ofparents to the regrets of the childless.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn't have had kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives. 　　Of course,the image ofparenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistiC.especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.No shock there,considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear sandra and Britney tell it,raising a kid on their "own" (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece ofcake. 　　It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut.But it's interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small,subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience,in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting "the rachel" might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.

解析：细节题。文章第二段列举了一些新闻或杂志上的关于母亲和孩子的例子，段末特别强调“每周至少会有一位名人母亲或者准母亲的报道在杂志上笑迎读者”。而且在第三段首句接着第二段提到“在一个如此赞扬生育的社会中”，这是一个承上启下的句子，是对第二段的总结，也符合第一段以及第二段对养育孩子的正面评价。D项是原文赞扬生育的同义替换，故本题选D。

查看原题 查看所有试题

学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]最有利于学习效果提高的动机是( )。

中等程度

解析：动机强度与学习效率的关系是倒U型曲线关系。学习动机过高和过低都不利于学习效率的提高，中等强度的动机是最有利于学习效果提高的动机。故选择B。

[多选题]操作技能的培训要求有哪些？（10分）

[单选题]当一个人外表充满魅力时，那么他（她）的其他同外表无关的特征，也会得到更好的评价。这个是印象形成中的( )。

晕轮效应

解析：晕轮效应是指当我们认为某人具有某种特征时，就会对其他特征作相似判断，这就是晕轮效应，也称为光环效应。当一个人外表很有魅力时，产生晕轮，影响我们对她其他特点的认识。故选择A。B项，近因效应指在总体印象形成上，新近获得的信息比原来获得的信息影响更大的现象，也叫最近效应。C项，在总体印象形成上，最初获得的信息比后来获得的信息影响更大的现象，称为首因效应，也叫最初效应。D项，投射效应是指与人交往时把自己具有的某些不讨人喜欢、不为人接受的观念、性格、态度或欲望转移到别人身上，认为别人也是如此，以掩盖自己不受欢迎的特征。

[单选题]Passage 2 Taylor Swift, the seven-time Grammy winner, is known for her articulate lyrics, so there was nothing surprising about her writing a long column for The Wall Street Journal about the future of the music industry. Yet there's reason to doubt the optimism of what she had to say. "This moment in music is so exciting because the creative avenues an artist can explore are limitless:' Swift wrote. "In this moment in music, stepping out of your comfort zone is rewarded, and sonic evolution is not only accepted...it is celebrated. The only real risk is being too afraid to take a risk at all." That's hard to reconcile with Nielsen's mid-year U.S. music report, which showed a 15 percent year-on-year drop in album sales and a 13 percent decline in digital track sales. This could be the 2013 story all over again, in which streaming services cannibalize their growth from digital downloads, whose numbers dropped for the first time ever last year, except that even including streams, album sales are down 3.3 percent so far in 2014. Streaming has grown even more than it did last year, 42 percent compared to 32 percent, but has failed to make up for a general loss of interest in music.Consider this.in 2014 to date, Americans purchased 593.6 million digital tracks and heard 70.3 million video and audio streams for a sum total of 663.9 million. In the comparable period of 2013, the total came to 731.7 million.Swift, one of the few artists able to pull off stadium tours, believes it's all about quality. "People are still buying albums, but now they're buying just a few of them:' she wrote. "They are buying only the ones that hit them like an arrow through the heart." In 2000, album sales peaked at 785 million. Last year, they were down t0 415.3 million. Swift is right, but for many of the artists whose albums pierce hearts like arrows, it's too late. Sales of vinyl albums have increased 40.4 percent so far this year, according to Nielsen, and the top-selling one was guitar hero Jack White's Lazaretto. The top 10 also includes records by the aging or dead, such as the Beatles and Bob Marley & the Wailers. More modern entries are not exactly teen sensations, either. the Black Keys, Beck and the Arctic Monkeys. None of these artists is present on the digital sales charts, including or excluding streams. The top-selling album so far this year, by a huge margin, is the saccharine soundtrack to the Disney animated hit, Frozen. When, like me, you're over 40 and you believe the music industry has been in decline since in 1993 (the year Nirvana released In Utero), it's easy to criticize the music taste of "the kids these days:' a term even the 23-year old Swift uses. My fellow dinosaurs will understand if they compare 1993's top albums to Nielsen's 2014 list. But these kids don't just like to listen to different music than we do, they no longer find much worth hearing.The way the music industry works now may have something to do with that. In the old days, musicians showed their work to industry executives, the way most book authors still do to publishers (although that tradition, too, is eroding). The executives made mistakes and were credited with brilliant finds. Sometimes they followed the public taste, and sometimes they strove to shape it, taking big financial and career risks in the process. These days, according to Swift, it's all about the social networks. "A friend of mine, who is an actress, told me that when the casting for her recent movie came down to two actresses, the casting director chose the actress with more Twitter followers:' Swift wrote. "In the future, artists will get record deals because they have fans - not the other way around." The social networks are fickle and self-consciously sarcastic (see the recent potato salad phenomenon). They are not about arrow-through-the-heart sincerity. That's why YouTube made Psy a star, but it couldn't have been the medium for Beatlemania. Justin Timberlake has 32.9 million Twitter followers, but he's no Jack White. In the music industry's heyday, it produced a lot of schlock. But it got great music out to the masses, too. These days, it expects artists to do their own promotion and for those who less good at that than at making music, it may mean not getting heard. For fans it means less good music to stream and download. Well, there's always the warm and fuzzy world of vinyl nostalgia, I guess.

How does the writer perceive Swift's attitude towards the future of the music industry?

She is no doubt over-optimistic about it

解析：考查作者的态度根据第一段最后一句“Yet there's reason to doubt the optimism of what she had to say.”可见作者对Taylor在华尔街时报上发表的言论并不买账，认为音乐的前景并不像她所说的那样可观。综上，A选项正确。故选择A。

[单选题]学生学习了杠杆的力臂原理，再学习定滑轮的知识，理解了定滑轮实质上是一种等臂杠杆，这种学习属于( )。

下位学习

解析：下位学习又称类属学习，是指将概括程度或包含程度较低的新概念或命题归属到认知结构中已有的、概括程度或包含程度更高的适当概念或命题之下的学习，从而获得新概念或新命题的意义。题干中"定滑轮的实质工作原理"归属于"杠杆原理"。故这种学习属于下位学习。