正确答案: A

孔子

题目：下列人物中，相传曾整理《诗》《书》等古代典籍，并删修《春秋》的是( )。

解析：孔子首开私人讲学之风，经他整理或编写的"六经"《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》是我国现存最古的著作。故选择A。B选项，老子，道家代表人物，强调"清净无为"，著有《道德经》。C选项，孟子，儒家思孟学派代表人物，强调"仁政"、"性善论"、"穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下"，作品《孟子》。D选项，荀子，儒家代表人物，强调"性恶论"，作品《荀子》。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[多选题]我国古代西周以后，学校教育形成了以礼乐为中心的文武兼备的六艺教育，下列选项中，属于六艺的是( )。

射

御

数

解析：六艺包括礼、乐、射、御、书、数。

[单选题]考试时由于情绪过分紧张，致使学过的一些内容怎么也想不起来。这种遗忘现象最合适的解释是( )。

压抑说

解析：压抑说又称动机说（弗洛伊德）认为，遗忘由于情绪或动机的压抑作用引起的，如果这种压抑被解除，记忆也就能恢复。考试时情绪过分紧张，会引起记忆信息的压抑，故选择C。A选项，衰退说（巴甫洛夫）认为，遗忘是记忆痕迹得不到强化而逐渐衰退，以至最后消退的结果。衰退理论告诉我们，要经常复习，保证记忆痕迹不衰退。B选项，干扰说（詹金斯）认为，遗忘是因为在学习和回忆之间受到其他刺激的干扰所致。这种学说可以用前摄抑制和倒摄抑制来说明。因此要注意复习时间，早晚复习所受干扰较少，更有利于记忆的保持。D选项，提取失败说（图尔文）认为，储存在长时记忆中的信息之所以无法回忆，是因为个体在提取时没有找到适当的提取线索。如果有恰当的线索提示，个体就能够很快将信息提取出来。因此要注意"舌尖效应"。

[单选题]认知结构是指( )。

个人已有知识的内容和组织

解析：布鲁纳认为，教学的目的在于理解学科的基本结构，即将客观的学科的知识结构转化为学生头脑中主观的认知结构，所以学生的认知结构是指个人已有知识的内容和组织。故选择D。

[单选题]在班级管理过程中，采取班干部轮换和值日生制。这种模式属于( )。

民主管理

解析：班级民主管理是指班级成员在服从班集体的正确决定和承担责任的前提下参与班级全程管理的一种管理方式。其要求有：组织全体学生参与班级全程管理，即在班级管理的计划、实行、检查和总结的各个阶段，都让学生参与进来；建立班级民主管理制度，如干部轮换制度、定期评议制度、值日生制度、民主教育活动制度等。题目中的描述属于民主管理。

[单选题]What role does the teacher play at the feedback stage?

Assessor.

解析：本题考查教师角色。在教学反馈阶段，教师的角色是评价者，故本题选A。

[单选题]大学毕业的陈某曾因故意犯罪被判处有期徒刑1年。刑满释放后，他前往某初级中学应聘。学校

不得聘用

解析：根据《中小学幼儿园安全管理办法》第三十五条，学校教职工应当符合相应任职资格和条件要求。学校不得聘用因故意犯罪而受到刑事处罚的人，或者有精神病史的人担任教职工。

[单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　IF YOU want something done,the saying goes,give it to a busy person.It is an odd way to guarantee hitting deadlines.But a paper recently published in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests it may,in fact,be true-as long as the busy person conceptualises the deadline in the right way. 　　Yanping Tu of the University of Chicago and Dilip Soman of the University of Toronto 　　examined how individuals go about both thinking about and completing tasks.Previous studies have shown that such activity progresses through four distinct phases: pre-decision,post-decision (but pre-action),action and review.It is thought that what motivates the shift from the decision-making stages to the doing-something stage is a change in mindset. 　　Human beings are a deliberative sort,weighing the pros and cons of future actions and remaining open to other ideas and influences.However,once a decision is taken,the mind becomes more "implemental" and focuses on the task at hand."The mindset towards 'where can I get a sandwich'," explains Ms Tu,"is more implemental than the mindset towards 'should I get a sandwich or not?'" 　　Ms Tu and Dr Soman advise in their paper that "the key step in getting things done is to get started." But what drives that? They believe the key that unlocks the implemental mode lies in how people categorise time.They suggest that tasks are more likely to be viewed with an implemental mindset if an imposed deadline is cognitively linked to "now" -a so-called like-the-present scenario.That might be a future date within the same month or calendar year,or pegged to an event with a familiar spot in the mind's timeline (being given a task at Christmas,say,with a deadline of Easter).Conversely,they suggest,a deadline placed outside such mental constructs (being "unlike-the-present" ) exists merely as a circle on a calendar,and as such is more likely to be considered deliberatively and then ignored until the last minute. 　　To flesh out this ideA.the pair carried out five sets of tests,with volunteers ranging from farmers in India to undergraduate students in Toronto.In one test,the farmers were offered a financial incentive to open a bank account and make a deposit within six months.The researchers predicted those approached in June would consider a deadline before December 31st as like-the-present.Those approached in July,by contrast,received a deadline into the next year,and were expected to think of their deadline as unlike-the-present.The distinction worked.Those with a deadline in the same year were nearly four times more likely to open the account immediately as those for whom the deadline lay in the following year.Arbitrary though calendars may be in parsing up the continuous fiow of time,humans parse their concept of time in line with them. 　　The effect can manifest itselfin even subtler ways.In another set of experiments,undergraduate students were given a calendar on a Wednesday and were asked to suggest an appropriate day to carry out certain tasks before the following Sunday.The trick was that some were given a calendar with all of the weekdays coloured purple,with weekends in beige (making a visual distinction between a Wednesday and the following Sunday).Others were given a calendar in which every other week,Monday to Sunday,was a solid colour (meaning that a Wednesday and the following Sunday were thus in the same week,and in the same colour).Even this minor visual cue affected how like-or unlike-the-present the respondents tended to view task priorities. 　　These and other bits of framing and trickery in the research support the same thesis: that making people link a future event to today triggers an implemental response,regardless of how far in the future the deadline actually lies.If the journey of l,000 miles starts with a single step,the authors might suggest that you take that step before this time next week.

Why can a busy person hit deadline to the present according to the passage?

He is good at making decisions.

解析：推断题。根据题意，首先排除D项，因为D项和题意重合，并未说明原因。根据文章第一、二段可知，繁忙的人可以通过正确的决定将事情在截止日期前完成，而不是A项“更加珍惜时间”或者C项“立即完成事情”，故本题选B。