正确答案: B
受教育权的分配
题目:我国唐朝"六学二馆"等级森严的入学条件充分反映社会政治经济影响和制约着( )。
解析:政治经济制度决定教育的领导权、受教育的权利和教育目的,本题题干中"六学二馆"等级森严的入学条件说明社会政治经济影响和制约着受教育权的分配。故选择B。
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学习资料的答案和解析:
[单选题]某单位需要派出下乡扶贫人员1至3人。经过宣传号召,众人纷纷报名。经过一番考虑,领导最后将派出人选集中在小王、小张和小李三人身上,并达成如下共识:(1)如果小王被挑选上,那么小张就会被挑选上(2)只有小李被挑选上,小王才不会被挑选上(3)如果小张被挑选上,那么小李就会被挑选上(4)小王和小李都被挑选上是不可能的据此,可以推断( )。
小李会被挑选上,而小王不会
解析:此题考查复言命题的综合推理。条件(2)可转化为:小王不被挑选上一小李被挑选上;条件(1)和条件(3)构成连锁推理(5):小王被挑选上一小张被挑选上一小李被挑选上;(2)和(5)构成二难推理,小王或者被挑选上或者不被挑选上,则小李一定被挑选上。结合条件(4)可得小王不被挑选上。故选择C项。
[单选题]明确提出教育学的学科基础是心理学和哲学,被称为"科学教育学的奠基人"的是( )。
赫尔巴特
解析:赫尔巴特誉为科学教育学之父、传统教育代表人,其著作《普通教育学》标志教育学作为一门规范、独立的学科正式诞生。教育学源于哲学,教育学是在心理学和伦理学以及哲学的基础之上建立的。故选择D。A项,夸美纽斯,捷克教育家,在《大教学论》中首次从理论上对班级授课制作了论述,奠定了理论基础。B项,洛克提出白板说。白板说认为人的心灵原来像一块白板,即空白的板,人的一切知识和观念都是从后天的经验中获得的。C项,卢梭,代表作《爱弥儿》,提倡自然主义教育思想,认为教育的任务应该使儿童"归于自然"。
[单选题]新中国的第一学制颁布于( )。
1951年
解析:1951年10月,新中国政务院颁布了《关于学制改革的决定》,提出了新中国成立以来第一个包括幼儿园到大学四段六级的学制改革。故选择A。
[单选题]下列关于复式教学叙述正确的是( )。
复式教学课堂教师的教学和学生的自学或做作业同时进行
解析:复式教学是把两个或两个以上年级的学生编成一班,由一位教师用不同的教材,在同一节课里对不同年级的学生进行教学的组织形式。可知A项说法太绝对了,复试教学的特点:1、采取直接教学和自动作业或者是学生自学交替进行,2、适用于人口稀少的偏僻山区,人口少、师资缺乏,交通不便地区。B选项说法错误,D项中,说法错误,在复式教学中学生的自学能力是得到提高的。故本题正确答案是C选项。
[单选题]教师向学生讲授学习内容,学生利用已有的知识去理解意义,这种学习方式是( )。
接受学习
解析:接受学习是指人类个体经验的获得来源于学习活动,是主体对他人经验的接受,把别人发现的经验经过其掌握、占有或吸收,转化成自己的经验。
[单选题]人和动物一旦学会对某一特定的条件刺激做出条件反应之后,其他与该条件相类似的刺激也会诱发其条件反应,这是条件刺激的( )。
泛化
解析:人和动物一旦学会对某一特定的条件刺激做出条件反应之后,其他与该条件相类似的刺激也会诱发其条件反应,这是刺激泛化。通过选择性强化和消退使有机体学会对条件刺激和与条件刺激相类似的刺激做出不同的反应是刺激分化。
[单选题]人们在认知活动中所偏爱的信息加工方式叫做( )。
认知风格
解析:认知风格指个体在信息加工过程中表现在认知组织和认知功能方面持久一贯的特有风格。它既包括个体知觉、记忆、思维等认知过程方面的差异,又包括个体态度、动机等人格形成和认知能力与认知功能方面的差异。故选择B。A选项,思维方式是看待事物的角度、方式和方法,它对人们的言行起决定性作用。思维方式表面上具非物质性和物质性。C选项,思维风格是指人们进行思考的偏好方式。思维风格不是一种能力,而是运用一种或几种能力进行思考的方式。D选项,性格特征是指表现在人对现实的态度和相应的行为方式中的比较稳定的、具有核心意义的个性心理特征,它是一种与社会相关最密切的人格特征,在性格中包含有许多社会道德含义。
[单选题]22.请阅读Passage 2,完成第1~5小题。
Passage 2
As regards social conventions,we must say a word about the well-known English class system.This is an embarrassing subject for English people,and one they tend to be ashamed of,though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less,and the class systemless rigiD.But it still exists below the surface.Broadly speaking,it means there are two classes,the“middle class”and the“working class”.(We shall ignore for a moment the old“upper class”,including the hereditary aristocracy,since it is extremely small in numbers;but some ofits membershave the right to sit in the House of lords,and some newspapers take surprising interest in theirprivate life.) The middle class consists chiefiy of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds.The working class consists chiefiy of manual and unskilled workers.
The most obvious difference between them is in their accent.Middle-class people use slightlyvarying kinds of“received pronunciation”which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils.Typical working-class people speak in many different local accentswhich are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducateD.One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system.To have been to a so-called“public school”immediately marks you out as one ofthe middle class.The middle classes tend to live a more formallife than working-class people,and are usually more cultured.Their midday meal is“lunch”andthey have a rather formal evening meal called“dinner”,whereas the working man's dinner,if hisworking hours permit,is at midday,and his smaller,late-evening meal is called supper.
As we have said,however,the class system is much less rigid than it was,and for a longtime it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions.Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions,and working-class incomeshave grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less andless clear.However,regardless of one's social status,certain standards ofpoliteness are expected ofeverybody,and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets,and treats a laborer with the samerespect he gives an important businessman.Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike.Eventhe word “sir”,except in school and in certain occupations (e.g.commerce,the army,etc.) soundstoo servile to be commonly used.
The middle class mainly refers to people_______.
who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions
解析:细节题。短文第一段倒数第二句指出“The middle class consists chiefly ofwell-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds.”,即中产阶级主要包括富有商人和各种专业人士。故本题D项正确。