正确答案:

题目：简述自我效能感及其功能。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]教学工作的基本环节包括( )。

备课、上课、课后教导和评价

解析：教师教学工作有五个基本环节包括备课、上课、课外作业的布置与批改、课外辅导、学生学业成绩的检查和评定。故选择A。D选项，导入、授新课、练习、小结、作业是课堂教学的基本环节。

[单选题]English learning strategies do NOT include ________.

test-taking strategy

解析：考查课程标准内容。英语学习策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等。不包括考试策略，故选D。

[单选题]教育是与种族需要、种族生活相适应的、天性的，而不是获得的表现形式.教育既无需周密的考虑使它产生，也无需科学予以指导，它是扎根于本能的不可避免的行为。"这种教育起源说属于( )。

生物起源说

解析：从题干中"扎根于本能的不可避免的行为"可知，该学说认为教育是人和动物共有的一种本能，这是教育的生物起源说的观点。

[单选题] Children who spend more than two hours a day at a computer or watching television are more likely than others to have mental problems, scientists say. Researchers found that 11-year-old who spent several hours in front of a screen each day did worse on mental health tests, no matter how much physical exercise they got. The University of Bristol study, published in Pediatrics, involved more than l,000 children aged about 10. They also had the kids fill out questionnaires designed to gauge the kids' emotional well-being and behavior. The questionnaires contained 20 questions covering five sections-emotional difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity or inattention, friendships and peer groups and problems relating to friends and peer groups. The study found no direct evidence that sitting in front of a screen actually causes mental health problems. Instead, it suggests that children with difficulties, such as extreme shyness, are more likely to choose TV or computer games than sociable activities. In the study, children were asked whether they agreed, disagreed or somewhat agree with a list of statements, including,"I generally play alone or keep to myself" and,"I am often unhappy or tearful". They were also asked how much exercise they took and how long they spent at a TV or computer screen. According to the study, children who spent more than two hours a day at a screen had a 60% higher risk of mental problems than children who spent fewer viewing hours. The risk was only slightly higher in children who did little or no exercise. "Physical activity is good for health in many ways, but it can't make up for long hours of screen viewing. Parents should consider limiting their children's screen viewing to no more than 2 hours a day," said the study organizer, Angie Page. Previous studies have raised concerns that watching too much television can affect children's behavior in later life. A Canadian study found that those who watched most TV as young children performed worse at school, ate more junk food and had more trouble concentrating.

What is the Passage mainly about?

It reports the findings of a scientific study.

解析：1.细节题。“The University of Bristol study，published in Pediatrics…had the kids fill out questionnaires"和“the questionnaires contained 20 questions covering five sections”，由此可见A正确，C 和D错误。B全文都没有提及。 2.主旨题。本文全文都在围绕着这项研究展开，包括研究的背景、方法、结果和推论。而作者一直都非常客观地描述着这项研究。故选B正确。 3.细节题。“The University of Bristol study，published in Pediatrics，involved more than 1,000 children aged about 10. They also had the kids fill out questionnaires designed to gauge the kids' emotional well-being and behavior”，可见研究的方法是通过调查问卷的方式，故选D正确。 4.细节题。第五段中提到孩子们每天看电视时间或者用电脑时间超过两小时会导致心理问题的增加，故B正确。A项没有说到玩电脑的时间，如果不超过两个小时，也不会增加风险。从“physical activity is good for health in many ways, but it can't make up for long hours of screen viewing"中可以看出体育活动并不会缓解看屏幕时间长带来的危害，故C错误。D项文中没有提及。 5.细节题。文章的主要观点是过久地看屏幕可以导致儿童心理问题，而这种危害是其他活动是弥补不了的。故选A正确。

[单选题]在社会规范学习与道德品质发展的研究中，班杜拉的研究重点是( )。

道德行为

解析：班杜拉提出的社会学习理论成为德育理论的重要流派之一，强调人的行为是个体和环境交互的产物，个体通过观察学习、榜样示范和自我效能获得道德行为，提升道德品质。

[单选题]学校教育主导作用的实现，必须通过( )的积极活动。

学生本身

解析：学校教育在人的发展中起主导作用，这种主导作用需要通过学生的主观能动性来实现。故选择A。