正确答案: A

正确，体现了有明确的责任分工的互助性学习

题目：针对如何对待自己做过的错题，王老师组织学生进行讨论，最后同学们决定分组进行错题整理，每组建立一个学科错题本，组内成员分工进行整理，最后将做题不顺畅、掌握不牢固的题用黑笔写到笔记本上，完全不会或者做错的题用红笔记到笔记本上。关于王老师的做法( )。

解析：新课程改革的具体目标强调，改善学生的学习方式，倡导自主学习、探究学习、合作学习的学习方式。合作学习指学生为了完成共同的任务，有明确的责任分工的互助性学习。题目中通过组内成员分工整理错题的形式，体现了学生之间合作学习的方式，故选择A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]当学生缺少学习兴趣时，学习就会成为学生的沉重负担。这启示教师应该( )。

了解学生特点，因势利导

解析：新课改背景下的教师观强调，教师是学生学习的引导者。当学生缺少学习兴趣时，学习就会成为学生的沉重负担。教师应该积极主动的了解学生，并顺势进行引导，不能让学习成为学生的沉重负担。故选择C。

[单选题]强调身心和谐发展，教育内容比较丰富，教法灵活的教育是( )。

古代雅典

解析：古代雅典的教育注重个体身心的和谐发展。古希腊半岛有两个奴隶制国家斯巴达和雅典，由于地理的、政治经济的原因两者的教育体制不同、目的不同、内容与方法也不同，题干指的是雅典的教育。故选择C。A项，古代印度，其教育内容为《吠陀》为主的经典、经义，教育特征为宗教教育。B项，古代埃及，其教育内容为文字、书写、执政能力，教育特征为以僧为师、以吏为师。D项，古代斯巴达，其教育内容为军事体操训练，教育特征为宣武。

[单选题]在近代西方教育史上，提出过著名的"白板说"教育思想家是( )。

洛克

解析：洛克，代表作《教育漫话》，他提出"白板说"；倡导"绅士教育"。故选择C。A项，夸美纽斯，教育学之父，《大教学论》。夸美纽斯的常见考点有，提出教学原则，即教育要遵循人的自然发展的原则；教学制度，即系统论述班级授课制方法和实施内容：教学思想即"泛智教育"一一把广泛的自然知识传授给普通的人；教学内容，即规定了百科全书式的课程；教学方法，即首次提出并论证了直观性、系统性、量力性、巩固性和自觉性等一系列教学方法。B项，卢梭，代表作《爱弥儿》，提倡自然主义教育思想，认为开创新教育的目标和根本原则是"归于自然"。D项，裴斯泰洛齐，慈爱的儿童之父，代表作《林哈德与葛笃德》。裴斯泰洛齐的常见考点有，教育的首要功能应是促进人的发展，尤其是人的能力的发展；最早提出"教育心理学化"的主张；西方教育史上第一位将"教育与生产劳动相结合"这一思想付诸实践的教育家。

[单选题]一个国家或地区各级各类学校机构与组织的体系及其管理规则是指( )。

学校教育制度

解析：广义的教育制度指国民教育制度，是一个国家为实现其国民目的，从组织系统上建立起来的一切教育设施和有关规章制度。狭义的教育制度指学校教育制度，简称学制，是一个国家各级各类学校的总体系，具体规定各级各类学校的性质、任务、目的、入学条件、修业年限以及它们之间相互衔接关系。学校教育制度处于国民教育制度的核心和主体地位，体现了一个国家国民教育制度的实质。

[单选题]To develop the skill of listening for specific information, the teacher asks students to answer questions with the information they have heard on the tape. They are at the stage of ________.

while-listening

解析：考查听力教学。教师要求学生用通过听录音得到的信息回答问题，这属于听力中(while-listening)阶段的内容。

[单选题] According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the fanuly, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce eonsistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group's members. Expressive leaders are less concemed with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group's goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.

What does the Passage mainly discuss?

The role of leaders in social groups.

解析：1.主旨题。文章主要讲述不同的领导者(如instrumental leaders以及expressive leaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。选项A、B、C都不能正确概括本文主旨。 2.细节题。短文第一段指出了成为领导者的不同方式：traditional cultural patterns， election or recruitment.选项C在文中并没有提及。故选C。 3.推断题。短文第二段指出“It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common.”即似乎并不是所有的领导者都有同样的个人素质。由此可推断出某一个团队的优秀领导可能并不适合另外的团队。故选项A正确。 4.细节题。由题干可定位至第二段“…decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of‘natural leaders’”，即近几十年的研究发现并没有哪一类人是“天生的领导”。故选项B正确。 5.细节题。短文最后两段主要讲述了两种领导：指导型领导和表达型领导，并指出了他们的不同点。由“Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group”和“Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group”可知指导型领导重视团队任务的完成，关心团队目标，而表达型领导却不是这样。故选项D正确。