正确答案: A

She offered insight into the confrontations between two cultures.

题目：请阅读Passage 1，完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 1 　　With her magical first novel,Garcia joins a growing chorus of talented Latino writers whose voices are suddenly reaching a far wider,more diverse audience.Unlike Latin American writers such as Colombia's Gabriel Garcia Marquee of Peru's Mario Vargas Llosa-whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures.Their stories,from Dreaming in Cuban to Julia Alvarez's How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent and Victor Villasenor's rain of GolD.offer insight into the mixture of economic opportunity and discrimination that Latinos encounter in the United States.Garcia Girls for example,is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants,"We didn't feel we had the beat the United States had to offer," one of the girls says,"We had only second-hand stuff,rental houses in one redneck Catholic neighborhood after another,clothes at Round Robin,a black and white TV afflicted with wavy lines." Alvarez,a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from santo Domingo when she was 10,says being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point: "We travel on that border between two worlds and we can see both points ofview." 　　With few exceptions,such as Chicano writer Rudolfo AnayA.many Hispanic-Americans have been writing in virtual obscurity for years,nurtured only by small presses like Houston's Arte Publico or the Bilingual Press in Tempe,Ariz.Only with the recent success of sandra Cisneros's Woman Hollering Creek and Oscar Hijuelos's prize-winning novel,The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love,have mainstream publishers begun opening door to other Latinos.Julie Grau,Cisneros's editor at Turtle Bay,says,"editors may now be looking more carefully at a book that before they would have deemed too exotic for the general readership." 　　But if Villasenor's experience is any indication,some editors are still wary.In 1989,Putnam gave Villasenor a $75,000 advance for the hardcover rights to rain of GolD.the compelling saga of his family's migration from Mexico to CaliforniA.But the editors,says Villasenor,wanted major changes: "They were going to destroy the book.It's nonfiction; they wanted to publish it as a novel. And they wanted to change the title to 'Rio Grande',which sounded like some old John Wayne 　　movie." After a year of strained relations,he mortgaged his house,borrowed his mother's life savings and bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write. 　　In frustration,Villasenor turned to Arte Publico.In the eight months since its release,rain of Gold has done extremely well,considering its limited distribution; 20,000 copies have been sold."If we were a mainstream publisher,this book would have been on The New York Times best-seller list for weeks," says Arte Pulico's Nicolas Kanelos.The author may still have a shot: he has sold the paperback rights to Dell.And he was just named a keynote speaker (with Molly Ivins and Norman Schwarzkopf) for the American Booksellers Association convention in May.Long before they gained this sort of attention,however,Villasenor,Cisneros and other Latino writers were quietly building devoted followings.Crossing the country,they read in local bookstores,libraries and schools.Their stories,they founD.appeal not only to Latinos- 　　who identify with them,but to a surprising number ofAnglos,who find in them a refreshingly different perspective on American life.Still,there are unusual pressures on these writers.Cisneros vividly recalls the angst she went through in writing the final short stories for Woman Hollering: "I was traumatized that it was going to be one of the first Chicano books 'out there'.I felt I had this responsibility to my community to represent us in all our diversity."

解析：细节题。根据第一段中的“Unlike Latin American writers such as…whose translated works became popular here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures.”可知A项正确，C项不正确。根据该段最后一句“Alvarez，a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from santo Domingo when she was 10…”可知B项不正确。根据“Garcia Girls for example，is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants”可知D项不正确。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]关于个体身心发展的动因，下列学者中谁的观点是属于内发论的？( )

孟子

解析：内发论又叫做遗传决定论，主要观点是强调人的身心发展的力量主要源于人自身的内在需要，身心发展的顺序也是由身心成熟机制决定的。内发论强调遗传在人的发展中的决定作用。代表人物为孟子。故选择C。外铄论的基本观点是人的发展主要依靠外在的力量，如环境的刺激或要求，以及他人的影响和学校的教育等。A选项，华生，行为主义代表人物，提出过"给我一打健康的婴儿，不管他们祖先的状况如何，我可以任意把他们培养成从领袖到小偷等各种类型的人。"的观点，属于外铄论。B选项，荀子，提出"人之性恶，其善者伪也"，即人性趋向于邪恶，人们善良的行为是后天作为的结果。"化性而起伪"，即用礼义法度等去引导人的自然本性，均属于外铄论。D选项，洛克，英国启蒙思想家，教育家。外铄论的代表人物之一，提出"白板说"，倡导"绅士教育"，支持教育万能论想法。

[单选题]地方课程是指( )。

由省级教育行政部门开发的课程

解析：本题考查了《基础教育课程改革纲要》关于三级课程管理的知识。<纲要》规定，为保障和促进课程对不同地区、学校、学生的要求，实行国家、地方和学校三级课程管理。其中，"省级教育行政部门依据国家课程管理政策和本地实际情况，制订本省（自治区、直辖市）实施国家课程的计划，规划地方课程，报教育部备案并组织实施。经教育部批准，省级教育行政部门可单独制订本省（自治区、直辖市）范围内使用的课程计划和课程标准，因此排除BCD选项，故选择A。

[单选题]情感是情绪的基础，情绪是情感的表现。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：一般来说，情感是在多次情绪体验的基础上形成的，并通过情绪表现出来；反过来，情绪的表现和变化又受已形成的情感的制约。情绪是情感的基础和外部表现，情感是情绪的深化和本质内容。

[多选题]著名心理学家马斯洛提出了七个层次的需要理论，同时，他还将七个层次需要分成( )。

基本需要

社会需要

解析：马斯洛提出的七层次需要理论，从最低到最高分别为生理需要、安全需要、归属与爱的需要、尊重的需要、求知的需要、审美的需要、自我实现的需要。其中，前四个层次被称为基本需要，后三个层次被称为社会需要。

[单选题]学习动机会使人产生某种活动，这说明它具有( )。

激活功能

解析：本题考查了学习动机的功能。当内心中有强烈的学习需要，就会引发学习内驱力，并最终引起一定的学习行为，这是学习动机的激活功能。故选择C。A选项，学习动机与学习行为的稳定性和持久性呈正相关，学习动机越强，学习行为持续时间越长，这是学习动机的强化功能。B选项，学习行为一旦产生，在初始状态就会指向一定的目标，这是学习动机的指向功能。D选项，学习动机调节学习行为的强度、时间和方向，这是学习动机的调节功能（管理功能）。

[单选题]学习不是本能活动，而是后天习得的活动，是由经验或实践引起的。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：学习是由经验引起的能力或行为倾向的相对持久变化。

[单选题]将一门学科的内容按照逻辑体系组织起来，前后内容基本不重复，所体现的课程组织形式是( )。

直线式组织

解析：直线式组织是前后内容不重复的，螺旋式组织是内容不断重复出现，不断加深和扩展。纵向组织即按照知识的逻辑序列，从已知到未知、从具体到抽象等先后顺序组织编排课程内容。