正确答案: B

seen cheating

题目：Anyone_______in the exam will be punished.

解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为“在考试中，任何人被发现作弊都会被惩罚”。see sb.doing sth.为固定结构，意为“发现某人正在做某事”。anyone和see之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。故本题选B。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[多选题]教学相长"、"循序渐进"等教学原则最早出自《论语》。( )

解析：教学相长"（"学然后知不足，教然后知困。知不足，然后能自反也；知困然后能自强也。"）、"循序渐进"（"学不躐等"、"杂施而不孙，则坏乱而不修"、"不陵节而施之谓孙"）等教学原则最早出自《学记》。《学记》相传作者是孟子的学生乐正克，这本书不仅是中国古代也是世界上最早的一篇专门论述教育、教学问题的论著。常考内容：揭示了教育的重要性（"化民成俗，其必由学"）；阐释了启发式教学（"道而弗牵，强而弗抑，开而弗达"、"君子之教育喻也"）；阐述了教育与政治的关系（"建国君民，教学为先"）；因材施教、长善救失原则（"人之学也，或失则多，或失则寡，或失则易，或失则止。此四者，心之莫同也。"、"叩之以小者则小呜，叩之以大者则大鸣"）；课内外相结合原则（"时教必有正业，退息必有居学"、"藏息相辅"）等。

[单选题]小宇同学解题时能够做到"一题多解"，这说明他的( )能力强。

发散思维

解析：发散型认知方式是指个体在解决问题过程中常表现出发散思维的特征，表现为个人的思维沿着许多不同的方向扩展，使观念发散到各个有关方面，最终产生多种可能的答案而不是唯一正确的答案，因而容易产生有创见的新颖观念。

[单选题]教师进行人格修养最好的策略是()。

"取法乎上"

解析："取法乎上"是指教师在提升自身修养时候，从高处着眼进行修养。教师是学生灵魂的工程师，是学生行为的心灵的示范，必须采取"取法乎上"的策略。故本题选B。

[单选题] After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 am on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren't resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations, The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

It can be inferred from the Passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on ________.

the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第三段第二句“…changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.”可知是因为建筑法规在20年内的改变，使地震中的伤亡人数相对不高。故选项D正确。 2.细节题。根据短文第五段最后一句“When the ground shakes and the building tips forward，the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.”可知当地面晃动，建筑物向前倾斜时，电脑会迫使它向相反的方向改变，从而保持平衡。故选项A正确。 3.细节题。文章最后一段指出“The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However，they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.”可知这种新型的智能结构虽然昂贵但是很值得建造。选项A、C文中没有提到，选项D的表述与原文不一致．故选项B正确。 4.推断题。根据短文第五段可知，过去人们认为建筑材料对减少地震损失很重要，但那是以前的方法，排除选项A、B。而现在重点强调的办法是减少地面震动。选项D文章没有提及，故选C。 5.主旨题。纵观短文可看出作者是通过描述发生在洛杉矶的地震来指出抗震技术的提高。选项A是说地震结果的比较，不是文章重点，选项B、C与原文表述不符，故选项D正确。

[单选题]强调成熟机制对人的发展起决定作用的是( )。

格赛尔

解析：格赛尔根据"双生子爬梯试验"断言，儿童的学习取决于生理上的成熟，成熟之前的学习和训练难有显著的效果。弗洛伊德认为人的性本能是最自然的本能，是推动人发展的潜在的、无意识的、最根本的动因：威尔逊把"基因复制"看作是决定人的一切行为的本质力量：皮亚杰提出了著名的儿童认知发展阶段理论。

[单选题]下列属于精细加工策略的是( )。

位置记忆

解析：精细加工策略包括记忆术（如位置记忆法、缩减与编歌诀、谐音联想法、关键词法、视觉联想）、做笔记、提问、生成性学习、利用背景知识、联系实际等。