正确答案: D

越剧

题目："梁山伯与祝英台"是我国著名的民间传说，多种地方剧中都表现过相爱的题材。何占豪、陈钢的小提琴协奏曲《梁祝》的创作，所依据的地方剧是( )。

解析：《梁祝》小提琴协奏曲是陈钢与何占豪就读于上海音乐学院时以越剧中曲调为素材的作品。故选择D。越剧是中国第二大剧种，首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录，被称为"中国歌剧"，中国五大戏曲剧种（依次为京剧、越剧、黄梅戏、评剧、豫剧）之一。发源于江浙，代表曲目：《梁山伯与祝英台》《红楼梦》《西厢记》《打金枝》等。A选项，粤剧，广东地区著名地方戏。B选项，豫剧，河南地方戏曲，国家级非物质文化遗产名录。C选项，川剧，川渝地区著名地方戏，有变脸的绝活。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]梁启超认为："要进行趣味教育，就要让学生领会学习的乐趣，不能摧残学生学习趣味。而摧残教育趣味的原因其中有一条就是注射式教育。"这就要求教师要开展趣味教育，就要做到( )。

培养学生学习兴趣，引导学生主动学习

解析：新课改背景下的教师观强调，教师是学生学习的引导者。教师应该把激发学生学习的动机，指导学生的学习方法，作为自己工作的主要目标。梁启超所说的"注射式教育"指的就是传统教育中的"灌输式教育"。要进行趣味教育，就要利用学生的主观能动性，激发学生学习的乐趣。故选择C项。

[单选题]教师不能对学生实施体罚，变相体罚或其他侮辱人格尊严的行为，因为学生具有( )。

人格尊严权

解析：学生的人格尊严权是指学校和教师应当尊重学生尊严，不得对学生实施体罚、变相体罚或其他侮辱人格尊严的行为，故选择A。B选项，人身自由权是指学校和教师不得以任何理由随意对学生进行搜查，不得对学生关禁闭。C选项，身心健康权是指保护学生的生命健康、人身安全、心理健康等内容。D选项，隐私权是指学校和教师有义务保护学生私人、不愿或不便让他人干涉的、与公共利益无关的信息或生活领域不被他人所知的权利。

[单选题]将程序像数据一样存放在计算机内存中运行，是1946年由( )提出的，他被称为计算机之父。

冯·诺依曼

解析：1946年，美国的莫奇利.埃克脱.冯·诺依曼等人参加研制的世界上第一台电子数字计算机ENIAC问世，从而开辟了计算机技术的新纪元。故选择C。A图灵，英国数学家，为计算机奠定了理论基础。

[单选题]传统教育走向现代教育，其重要标志是产生了( )。

杜威的儿童中心思想

解析：杜威顺应时代和工业发展的趋势，对传统教育的弊病进行了批判，主张教育的一切措施都应有利于儿童的成长，他所提倡的"现代教育三中心"标志着传统教育走向现代教育。

[单选题] When students engaged in group work, the teacher gave feedback after each group had stated their opinion and shown their output. This is called ______.

evaluating

解析：考查评价行为的概念。教师在每组陈述完观点后，给出自己的评价和反馈信息，这是评价为( evaluating)。

[单选题]This kind of cloth_______well.I think it is worthy__________.

washes; to be bought

解析：本题考查动词的主动形式表被动意义及固定短语。在表示主语的性能、状态时，要用动词的主动形式表示被动意义，因此第一个空用washes。be worthy to be done/of being done“某事值得（被）做”。句意为“这种衣服很好洗。我认为它值得买”。

[单选题]请阅读Passage 2，完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people.Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language."We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies," says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wurzburg,Germany,who led the research. 　　"The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies,but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life,within the last trimester," said Wermke."Contrary to orthodox interpretations,these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development." 　　It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus,in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is,since babies are anatomically identical."The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound." says Wermke.This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages,they must have some control (presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs,throat,mouth,and larynx.If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like,all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern,since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases.French babies apparently didn't get that memo."German and French infants produce different types of cries,even though they share the same physiology," the scientists point out."The French newborns produce 'nonphysiological' rising patterns," showing that the sound of their cries is under their control. 　　Although phonemes—speech sounds such as "ki" or "sh"—don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus,so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do.These are the variations in pitch,rhythm,and intensity that characterize each language.Just as newboms remember and prefer actual songs that they heard in utero,it seems,so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language. 　　The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech.That acquisition,it is now clear,begins months before birth,probably in the third trimester.Newborns "not only have memorized the main intonation pattems of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these pattems in their own　［sound］　production," conclude the scientists.Newborns' "cries are already tuned toward their native language" ,giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or,presumably,English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages).This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort.Sure,we may come into the world wired for language (thank you,Noam Chomsky),but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language. 　　Until this study,scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than 12 weeks of age.That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound.But that's the beginning of true speech.It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive,remember,and play back,they should look at the sound babies produce best.So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.

When does language acquisition begin according to the research?

It begins before the birth of a baby.

解析：细节题。根据倒数第二段中的“That acquisition，it is now clear,begins months before birth，probably in the third trimester.”可知，婴儿在出生之前就开始了语言习得。故本题选B。

[单选题]Many students start each term with an award check,but by the time books are bought,food is paid for,and a bit of social life_________,it looks rather emaciated.

lived

解析：本题考查省略。句意为“很多学生在学期伊始有支票奖励，但在买了书和食物及社交花费之后，钱就变少了”。句中出现了三个并列结构：books are bought，food is paid for,and a bit of social life____。一般情况下，谓语动词是不可省略的，如果内容与其前所说的内容是并列关系，且谓语动词为be时，则可以省略be动词。按照are brought，is paid和并列结构来看，这里应该填一般现在时的被动语态，排除C；live a life这里应该用被动，排除A、D。故本题选B。