正确答案: B

1914年

题目：第一次世界大战的起始时间是( )。

解析：1914年6月28日，奥匈帝国皇储费迪南大公夫妇在萨拉热窝视察时，被塞尔维亚青年加夫里若·普林西普枪杀，成为第一世界大战的导火线。故选择B。A选项，1840年，爆发鸦片战争。C选项，1937年7月7日，爆发卢沟桥事变简介，全面抗战爆发。D选项，1945年5月8日，德国投降；8月15日，日本投降。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列说法不正确的是( )。

《楚辞》是贾谊所辑，收有屈原，宋玉写的赋

解析：《楚辞》是刘向所编辑成集，收录了屈原和宋玉的很多文章。故选择B。A选项，《尚书》是中国最早的一部历史文献总集，记述了上古的文献，五经之一（诗-《诗经》、书-《尚书》、礼-《礼记》、易-《易经》、春秋-《春秋》）。C选项，《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，分为风雅颂三部分。D选项，《左传》是中国第一部叙事详备的历史著作，相传为春秋末年的左丘明为解释孔子编纂的《春秋》而作。

[单选题]杜威的教育理论代表作是( )。

《民主主义与教育》

解析：杜威是现代教育理论派的代表，提出了"儿童中心、活动中心、经验中心"的新"三中心论"，其代表作是《民主主义与教育》。《教育与新人》的作者是美国教育家巴格莱，《普通教育学》是赫尔巴特的代表作，《实验教育学》的作者是拉伊。

[单选题]个体身心发展的互补性要求教育应该做到( )。'

长善救失

解析："长善"，就是要发现被教育者的优点和长处，并精心给予培植，促其保持和发扬光大；"救失"，就是要正确认识和对待被教育者的缺点与不足，并通过耐心的教育，督促其克服和改正。个体身心发展的互补性要求教师要长善救失，善于发现学生的错误，井加以纠正和指导，将缺点转化为优点。

[单选题]"感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心"所表达的情绪状态是( )。

心境

解析：心境是一种微弱、平静和持久的情绪状态，具有弥散性和长期性特点。"感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心"体现了这种情绪状态。

[单选题]班主任工作的重点是( )。

对学生进行品德教育

解析：暂无

[单选题] Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors.It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary.Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the1980s and1990s (a modern example is Caki No Tsukai), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term"reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations.For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales.Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name"reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre.In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The ReaL World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out.Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts.Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word"reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories.It really is not reality TV.It really is unscripted drama."

In the first line, the writer says "it is claimed" because ________.

they want to distance themselves from the statement

解析：1.it is claimed的意思是"据宣称"，即不是作者本人的言论，所以选项D更符合题意。 2.从文章第四段"Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations."可知这种需求是因为能把普通人放置到不平凡的处境中，C项是该句的同义替换。 3.A、B选项说法太笼统，只有D选项在文章最后一段出现。 4.从文章第四段"Reality television also has the potential to turn its paIticipants into national celebrities,outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol,though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity."可知选B. 5.从文章最后一段"Mark Burnett，creator of Survivor and other reality shows，has agreed with this assessment，and avoids the word'reality' to describe his shows"可知Mark Burnett也认为称它为"reality television"是不准确的，并且避免用reality这个词汇。

[多选题]听力技能是语言技能的重要内容之一。请简述听力基本技能包括哪些内容(10分)，并选择其中的三项技能，列举出合理的训练方式(10分)。