正确答案: B

行政处分

题目：夏某是儿童福利院的院长，在办理收留抚养工作中牟取大量利益，依法应给予( )。

解析：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第七十条规定：未成年人救助机构、儿童福利机构及其工作人员不依法履行对未成年人的救助保护职责，或者虐待、歧视未成年人，或者在办理收留抚养工作中牟取利益的，由主管部门责令改正，依法给予行政处分。故选择B。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列作品中，以李隆基和杨玉环爱情故事为题材的是( )。

白居易《长恨歌》

解析：白居易《长恨歌》是以李隆基和杨玉环的爱情故事为题材的。故选择A。B选项，王安石《明妃曲》是以昭君出塞为题材的。C选项，陆游《钗头凤》是以自己和原配的爱情故事为题材的。D选项，吴伟业《圆圆曲》是以陈圆圆和吴三桂的爱情故事为题材的。

[单选题]某单位统计上班迟到人数，一部门四人对是否迟到的说法如下：赵：我没有迟到李：王和赵至少有 　　一人没有迟到王：我们中有人迟到张：我们四人都没有迟到已知上述四人中有两人说的是真话，有两人说的是假话，则以下哪项断定为真？( )

说真话的是李和王

解析：这是一道真假话推理的题目。四人的话两真两假，分析可知王和张的话互为矛盾关系，由此可知，赵和李的话一真一假。若赵的话为真则李的话也为真，不符合题意，故赵的话为假，李的话为真。由赵迟到了，可推出王的话为真，张的话为假。故选择C项。

[单选题]在某次测验中，高水平学生得到了高分，低水平学生得到了低分，说明该测验的哪种质量指标高？( )

区分度

解析：区分度是指测验对考生的不同水平能够区分的程度，即具有区分不同水平考生的能力。"高水平学生得到了高分，低水平学生得到了低分"说明测验能够很好的区分不同水平考生，区分度较高，故选择C。A项，效度是指测量的正确性，即一个测验能够测量出其所要测量的东西的程度。如，用历史试卷，测量学生语文水平，测量结果并非学生语文水平，效度低。B项，信度是指测验结果的稳定性或可靠性，即某一测验在多次施测后所得到的分数的稳定、一致程度。如，一份测验，周一和周五分别给同一批学生测试，两次成绩相当，说明信度较高。D项，难度是指测验包含的试题难易程度。试题过难或过易都不能准确测出学生的真实成绩，一张卷总的来说，它的试题既要有较难的题，又要有较易的题，做到难易适中。区分度与难度有关，只有在试卷中包含有不同难度的试题，才能提高区分度，拉开考生得分的差距。难度过高，会产生"地板效应"--难度过大，所有学生分数都很低，区分度很低；难度过低，会产生"天花板效应"--难度过低，所有学生分数都很高，区分度很低。

[单选题]影响态度与品德学习的外部条件不包括( )。

道德认知

解析：影响态度与品德学习的外部条件包括：家庭教养方式、社会风气和同伴群体。故选择B。影响态度与品德学习的内部条件包括：认知失调、态度定势、道德认知。

[单选题]( )是课外、校外活动的主体。

学生集体和个人

解析：课外、校外活动具有活动上的自主性。学生是课外、校外活动的主体，课外、校外活动是学生在教师和有关方面的指导与帮助下独立开展的。故选择A。

[单选题]职业倦怠是一种( )状态。

身心耗竭

解析：职业倦怠是指个体在长期的职业压力下缺乏应对资源和应对能力而产生的身心耗竭状态。

[单选题] The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives. The most widespread fallacy of all is that colds caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by conung into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors (止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.

The author cites the Eskimos not suffering from common colds forever to indicate ________.

viruses passing from person to person are the factors causing common colds

解析：1.细节题。文章第二段说到，对于感冒，最普遍的谬论是感冒是由寒冷引起的，后面说感冒是由人与人之间传播的病毒导致的，“If cold causes colds，it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.”可推断作者的意思是，如果寒冷可以造成感冒，那一直忍受寒冷的爱斯基摩人一定会一直都在感冒。即用这个例子验证寒冷不会引起感冒，感冒是由病毒的传播所导致。故选B。 2.细节题。爱斯基摩人不会一直感冒，而且感冒不是由寒冷引起的，故A、B与文章相符。文章第二段提到生活在北极圈与世隔绝的人们一直都不会得感冒，直到他们与感染了感冒病毒的人接触。故可知D与文章相符。对于C，作者在倒数第二段中说冬天感冒人多的原因是冬天人们更愿意一起待在屋里，这样感冒病毒很容易在人与人之间传播，而单纯地待在屋里不会得感冒，故C错误。 3.细节题。根据第二段结尾，“And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.”可知他们只会在与外界感染感冒的人相接触时才会被感染。故选D。 4.细节题。根据文章第四段的描述，这些志愿者在洗完热水澡后，穿上泳衣，在自己身上浇凉水，然后站在通风的房间里，还有些人穿着湿袜子，站在雨中，以检测他们会不会得感冒。结果证明所有人都没有得感冒，直到他们接触了病毒。故B、C、D错误，只有A正确。 5.主旨题。通读文章，作者一直在谈人们为什么会得感冒和得感冒的途径，故C正确。A只说到了实验，不全面。B和D文章没有提及。

[单选题]近年来我国对农村中小学的布局结构进行了调整。这主要反映了下列哪一因素对教育的影响?（ ）

人口变化

解析：受城市化的影响，大量的农民工进城务工，农村的人口不断减少。对农村中小学的布局结构进行调整，反映的就是人口对教育的影响。故本题选C。