正确答案: D

无所作为

题目：下列选项中，不符合古代"无为"观念的是( )。

解析：道家所指的"无为"指的是指顺应自然变化而不妄为，即"有所为而有所不为"。并非是无所作为，故选择D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]中学生心理健康教育主要是指中学生的青春期教育和( )。

心理卫生辅导

解析：中学生心理健康教育主要是指中学生的青春期教育和心理卫生辅导。

[单选题]德育过程的基础是( )。

活动和交往

解析：德育过程是教育者按照一定的道德规范和受教育者思想品德形成的规律，对受教育者有目的、有计划地施加影响，以形成教育者所期望的思想品德的过程，是促使受教育者道德认识、道德情感、道德意志和道德行为发展的过程，是个体社会化与社会规范个体化的统一过程。因此，德育过程的基础是教育活动和交往。

[单选题] There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of "climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally "driven" to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate(过度的) amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word "workaholic" has been created to describe an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic is to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The Americans culture values achievement, efficiency, and production-a workaholic supports these values. Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physieally and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities. Increased leisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. There is a belief that it is desirable "to work hard and play hard" and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. People are ambivalent toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former President Richard Nixon:"The 'work ethic' holds that labor is good in itself; that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. America's competitive spirit, the 'work ethic' of this people, is alive and well ..." Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial:"I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down (折磨) sometimes, and the last thing I need to take home is a headache."

Why have some people begun to place less emphasis on work and more on non-work activities?

Because they realize that excessive work demands can be harmful to their health.

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第一段前两句“There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of“climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part，as a result of the work ethic，these people are internally ‘driven’ to work.”可看出有些人深受“climbing the ladder”观念影响，目的是提高社会地位、经济地位和自我价值，所以他们受职业道德驱使而工作。故选项B正确。 2.细节题。作者在第二段指出对于workaholics，人们有两种不同的观点。一种观点认为workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally;另一种观点则认为workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive.故选项D正确。 3.细节题。根据短文第三段第一句“…there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful.”可知人们开始意识到过度的工作会对健康造成危害。故选项C正确。 4.细节题。短文第四段开头指出“…the idea that work and play are distinct activities.”即人们认为工作和娱乐是两个独立分开的活动。故选项A正确。 5.细节题。短文最后一段指出“People are ambivalent toward work; it is，at the same time，glorified and belittled.”即工作同时受到赞扬和贬低。接着就列举了Nixon的观点和Anacin这种药的广告词来阐释对工作的这两种看法。故选项C正确。