正确答案: D

育人为本

题目：国家长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)指出教育工作的根本要求是( )。

解析：《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》指出，要把育人为本作为教育工作的根本要求。故选择D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]《教师法》中规定，教育行政部门处理教师申诉应当是在接到申诉的( )日内。

30

解析：《中华人民共和国教师法》规定，对教师提出的申诉，主管教育行政部门应当在收到申诉书的次日起30天内进行处理。故选择B。

[多选题]学制具体规定着( )。

学校的性质

学校的任务

入学条件

修业年限

解析：狭义的教育制度指学校教育制度，简称学制，是一个国家各级各类学校的总体系，具体规定各级各类学校的性质、任务、目的、入学条件、修业年限以及它们之间的关系。

[单选题]人们根据已知信息，利用熟悉的规则解决问题，从给予的信息中得出逻辑的结论，反映的是下列哪种思维方式？( )

常规思维

解析：根据思维的创造性程度，可分为再造性思维和创造性思维。再造性思维也称常规思维，是指人们运用已获得的知识经验，按现成的方案和程序，用惯常的方法、固定的模式来解决问题的思维。

[单选题]为了提醒幼儿便后冲水，秦老师在每一个马桶盖上都贴上了一张特别漂亮且富有提示意义的卡通画，效果很好。秦老师这一做法运用的德育方法是( )。

情境陶冶

解析：情境陶冶法是通过创设良好的情境，潜移默化地培养学生良好心理素质的方法。秦老师的做法是创设良好的教育情境，属于情境陶冶法。故选择C。

[单选题]San Fe, New Mexico multimillionaire ForrestFenn has always loved a good adventure. As a small child before eight, he and his brother,Skippy spent summer vacations making 　　exploration in Yellowstone National Park.As a teen, Fenn idolized the decorated World Warll fighter pilot, called Robin Olds and latter emulated his hero during the Vietnam War as an Air fighter pilot to go to New Mexico andsettled there as an arts and antiques dealer,hunting down valuable paintings, rugs, warmemorabilia, and other antique to sell. 　　In 1998, Fenn was diagnosed with terminalkidney cancer. As he had always been doing,he conceived a grand adventure that he assumed would be his last one.“I wanted to create some excitement, some hope, beforeI died，”says Fenn, 82, adding that he alsowanted to “get kids out of the game room andoff the couch.” With those ideas in his mind,he started to devise a treasure hunt.Little by little, Fenn began stocking a small bronze chest with gold coins, prehistoric bracelets and other valuable things. Whenhis cancer went into remission in 1993,he decided he would carry out his plan anyway. 　　In 2010, Fenn topped off the chest with jewels and valuable stones and hid it somewhere deep in the Rocky Mountains, north of SanteFe. Later that year, he wrote a poem for hisself-published memoir, The Thrill of the Chase.It contained nine clues about the treasure box's whereabouts. One stanza reads like this.Begin it where warm waters halt/ And takeit in the canyon down/ Not far, but too far towalk/Put in below the home of Brown.A few months later, a story about the treasure appeared in a magazine. Since then, Fennhas received thousands of e-mails fromtreasure hunters. Some request more clues tothe box. But mostly “people thanked me for bringing their family together,” he says with aself-comforting smiie on nis face.In April, Fenn told a crowd at an Albuquerque bookstore that two groups of treasure huntershad gotten within 500 feet of the chest. “Theywalked right by it，” he said. 　　Fenn is confident that the ireasure will be unearthed eventually and says it willtake the right combination of cunning andperseverance.“It will be discovered bysomeone who has read the clues carefully andsuccessfully. But nuuuuy is going to happenupon it,”he predicts. 　　He hopes that whoever finds the loot will relishthe riches and the adventure of finding them.

Who was a fighter pilot during the VietnamWar according to the passage?

Forrest Fenn.

解析：句意为“根据文章，谁是越南战争的空军飞行员？”。根据关键词VietnamWar可定位到文章第二段，Forest Fenn从小崇拜二战中得空军飞行员Robin Olds，然后模仿他，在越南战争中当了飞行员。可知飞行员是Forest Fenn。故选择D。

[单选题]李哲爱好广泛，恰逢本周六晚上既有足球赛，又有演唱会，他都想去看。由于二者时间冲突，他很矛盾。他面临的冲突是( )。

双趋式冲突

解析：双趋式冲突是指当个体以同等程度的两个动机去追求两个有价值的目标时，因不能同时获得而产生的动机冲突。双避式冲突是指个体以同等程度的两个动机去躲避两个具有威胁性的事件或情境时，因不能同时避开而产生的动机冲突。趋避式冲突是指个体对一个事物同时产生两种相反的态度取向时内部的动机冲突。多重趋避式冲突是指人们面对两个或两个以上的目标，而每个目标都对人们既具有吸引力又具有排斥力，人们需要进行多种选择，审慎地权衡利弊时产生的冲突。题干中，李哲既想去看足球赛，又想去看演唱会，但二者不能同时实现，因此他产生的心理冲突就是双趋式冲突。考点点拨：本题考查的是意志行动中的动机冲突。考生如果掌握了四种冲突类型的判断规律，对于涉及该知识点考题的判断就容易多了。以下简单介绍判断四种冲突类型的方法。①双趋（式）冲突，“双趋”即两个都想要，表述上一般为“既想……又想……”；②双避（式）冲突，“双避”即两个都不想要，在表述上一般为“既怕……又怕……”；③趋避（式）冲突，“趋避”即既想要一个，又不想要另一个，在表述上一般为“既想……又怕……”；④多重趋避（式）冲突，“多重趋避”即存在的趋避因素为两个或两个以上。

[单选题]下列选项中，不是美国作家马可·吐温作品的是（ ）。

《老人与海》

解析：《老人与海》是美国现代作家海明威的作品。故本题选B。