正确答案: A

the scientific leadership of the U．S．

题目：This text is mainly about__________．

解析：【答案】A【解析】第一段开头即点明了文章主旨：“the once，undisputed U．S．scientific lead…is diminishing．”。其他三段从三个方面对此作了阐述：“scientific training relatively unattractive to U．S．students”，“during the next few decades，this path likely will revert toward its more traditional length and reestablish， in a healthy way，the more traditional relationship…”，“another new force also greatly facilitated globalization”。由此可知，本文着重讨论的是科学全球化造成美国科技领先地位的下降。主旨归纳题，应明确文章的中心思想。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]阅读材料，回答{TSE}题。Government Policies and EconomyWhile he was off on his l978 tour，Americans were becoming disgusted with their lot as all“emerging second—class nation”，Wilson says．They began to see that incentives had to be restored to the economy．For instance，the capital gains tax was cut，an extraordinary turn—about．If it had been predicted before he went away in May，he would have said it was simply inconceivable as inconceivable as the prospect of Resorts going up1，000 percent．This momentous transformation in the U．S．should soon bring about a huge bull market． In the l940s and l950s，the last time price earning multiples were at these low levels，the investing public expected that there would be another great postwar depression．Instead，aRer the beginning of l953 it became apparent that there would not be one，and price-earnings multiples got so low this time that investors felt that the country was drifting into socialism．That drift，however，may be reversing direction．Wilson believes that the bankruptcy of New York City means the discrediting of big government，that as a result there will be less government，and that things in general will go much better．From l980’s depressed levels the market could rise to twenty times doubled earnings or almost fivefold in five to seven years．Wilson believes that he’ll be worth hundreds of millions of dollars before it’s over．{TS}From paragraph l，we can infer that Resorts is__________．

a company that has little hope of rapid growth

解析：【答案】B【解析】在五月份之前，人们认为Resorts公司增长l000％和税收改革同样是不可能的事。因此可推断，这家公司原来是没有希望迅速发展的。

[单选题]The local authority contributed the company an interest free loan to start up the new factory.

granted

解析：【答案】A【解析】9rant“捐赠”；allocate“赞助”；finance“资助”；sponsor“举办”。

[单选题]请在第__(62)__处填上正确答案。

根据材料，完成下面的题目。Public Relations Public relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases,designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image. Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm, usually in the51of press releases or press conferences. Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually.52outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to top management. Thisorganizational placement can be a 53 because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in line with marketing efforts. Poor communication and no coordination can be the54. Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence55 the public image, this influence generally maybe less than 56 provided by the other components of the public image mix. Publicity nay be in the form of news releases that have57overtones for the company initiate by the public relations department. Publicity on the other 58 should not be divorced from the marketing department,as it can 59 a useful adjunct( 辅助 ) to the regular advertising. 60 , not all publicity is initiated by the firm; some can 61from an unfavorable press as a reaction to certain actions or lack of 62that are controversial or even downright ill-advertised.The 63we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding( 自欺 ) itself if it thinks its public relations function,whether within the company or an outside firm, can take 64 of public image and opportunities. Many of these have to do with the way the 65 does business, such as its product quality, the servicing and handling of complaints, etc.请在第__(51)__处填上正确答案。

actions

解析：【答案】B【解析】句意为：有些宣传来源于媒体的反应，即由于公司颇有争议甚至十分不明智地采取了或未采取某些行动而引起的媒体的负面反应。有上文可知同样是“action”

[单选题]

回答下面的题目:The American FamilyIn the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision making. When the children are old enough, they take part_________(51). Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness of American parents. The old rule that "children should be seen and not heard" is rarely_________(52), and children are often allowed to do what they wish without strict parental_________(53). The father seldom expects his children to obey him_________(54) question, and children are encouraged to be independent_________(55) an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom_________(56) far. Others think that a strong father image would not_________(57) the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to break_________(58) their parental families by the time they have_________(59) their late teens or early twenties. (60), not to do so is often regarded as a failure, a kind of weak dependence.This pattern of independence often results in serious_________(61) for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live(62) the age of 70. The job-retirement age is _________(63) 65. The children have left home, married, and_________(64) their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes. _________(65) the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.

But

[单选题]

回答下面的题目：Do you ever wish you were moreoptimistic，someone who always(51) __________ to be successful?Having someone around whoalways(52) __________the worst isn’t really a lot of(53) __________．We all know someone who sees a single cloud on asunny day and says，“It looks(54)rain．”But if you catch yourself thinkingsuch things，it’s important to dosomething(5 5) __________it．You can change your view of life，(56) __________to psychologists．It only takes a little effort，and you’llfind life more rewarding as a(57) __________．Optimism，they say，is partly about self—respectedconfidence but it’s also a more positive way of looking at life and all it hasto(58) __________．Optimists are more(59) __________tostart new projects and are generally more prepared to take risks．Upbringing is obviously veryimportant in forming your(60) __________to the world．Some people are brought up to(61) __________toomuch on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything(62) __________wrong．Most optimists，on the(63) __________hand，have been brought up not to(64) __________failure as the end of theworld-they just(65) __________with their lives．

offer

解析：本句意为：乐观是一种看待生活更积极的方式以及由此所带给你的一切益处。从字面上看，supply有“提供”的意思，但做动词时一般接with，表示提供物料，一般指具体的实物，而offer指“提出，提供，呈现”，表示向别人提供可接受也可拒绝的某物，用法更为广泛，可用来指抽象的东西；所以此处选C。

[单选题]第58题应选：

回答下面的题目:Exercise Being Good or BadCan exercise be a bad thing? Sudden death during or soon after strenuous exertion on the squash court or on the army training grounds, is not unheard of. 51 trained marathon runners are not immune to fatal heart attacks. But no one knows just 52 common these sudden deaths linked to exercise are. The registration andinvestigation of such 53 is very patchy; only a national survey could determine the true 54 of sudden deaths in sports. But the climate of medical opinion is shifting in 55 of exercise, for the person recovering from a heart attack as 56 as the average lazy individual. Training can help the victim of a heart attack bylowering the 57 of oxygen the heart needs at any given level of work 58 the patient can do more before reaching the point where chest pains indicate a heart starved of oxygen. The question is, should middle-aged people, 59 .particular, be screened for signs of heart disease before 60 vigorous exercise?Most cases of sudden death in sport are caused by lethal arrhythmias in the beating of the heart, often in people 61 undiagnosed coronary heart disease. In North America 62 over 35 is advised to have a physical check-up and even an exercise electrocardiogram. The British, on the whole, think all this testing isunnecessary. Not many people die from exercise, 63 , and ECGs ( 心电图 ) are notoriously inaccurate. However, two medical cardiologists at the Victoria Infirmary in Glasgow, advocate screening by exercise ECG for people over 40, or younger people 64 at risk of developing coronary heart disease. Individuals showing a particular abnormality in their ECGs 65 , they say, a 10 to 20 times greater risk of subsequently developing signs of coronary heart disease, or of sudden death.第51题应选：

so

解析：【解析】句意为：__________病人能够做得更多。四个选项：however“不管怎样，无论如何”；because“因为”；but“但是”；so“因而，所以”。

[单选题]Some comments are just inviting trouble．

asking for

解析：【解析】句意为：一些评论在自找麻烦。invite“邀请”，四个选项：A．asking for，请求，寻找；B．keeping out of，置身于外；C．getting into，进入，陷入；D．suffering from，遭受。

[单选题]According to the author，which of the following most interested the researchers?

根据以下资料，回答下面的题目。 According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?

The mice that started dieting in old age．

[单选题]请在第_____处填上正确答案。

根据以下资料，回答下面的题目。 请在第_____处填上正确答案。

needs   

解析：此处句意为：他们不加强建设标准，以减少供暖和空调的……。根据后文的reduce automobile use，此处用“需求”比较适合。所以选A项needs。