正确答案:

题目：阅读理解：请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。How We Form First Impression。We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her - aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits?The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits. Even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information - the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming signals are compared against a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex(皮质) system to determine what these new signals “mean”.If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe”. If you see someone new, it says, “new and potentially threatening”. Then your brain starts to match features of this strangers with other “known” memories. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new, I don’t like this person” Or else, “I’m intrigued(好奇的)”. Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures - like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person”. But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong.When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people - their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character - we categorize them as jocks(骗子), peeks(反常的人), or freaks(怪人).However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of our cortex, which allow us to be humane.

解析：译文：如果你碰到一个带有你熟悉特征的陌生人，你的大脑很有可能和你说？按照顺序，在往后的段落里找，题干部分有关键信息，而且是限定了条件，是a stranger with familiar gestures（具有熟悉特征的陌生人）因此在原文中可以找到相关的信息：your brain may perceive a new face（stranger的替换形式） but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures （题干部分的关键信息）- like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person”（找出答案）. But these preliminary impressions can be dead wrong.考点细节信息查找

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.

furnish

解析：译文：委员会被要求提供一份关于住房情况的报告。划线词render显然是不定式ask to do中的动词，意思是：提交Furnish：提供，布置家具copy：复印publish：公开出版发行summarize：总结因此可以直接得知只有A选项和划线的意思最相近。考点近义词辨析

[单选题]阅读理解：请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。The National Trust。The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.The attention of the public was the first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and the castles of Britain by the death of the Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust’s “Country House Scheme” Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150 of these oil houses. Lats year, about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.In addition to country houses and open spaces, the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, 540 farms and nearly 2500 cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original 16th century style. Over 4,000 acres of coastline , woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.Over the past 80 years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life. It helps to preserve all that and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.

解析：译文：国家信托是一个（ ）。 通过关键词The National Trust(专有机构名称，没有替换形式，可在原文中直接找到) The National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain.从原文中可知，该机构不是财力雄厚的政府部门，而是民间的志愿者组织。因此B选项Non-profit organization depending on voluntary services.依靠志愿者服务的非营利性组织。最为符合原文的意思。（第一自然段符合行文顺序，原文表达的意思的重组(restatement),并且本质意思（essential meaning）相同）