正确答案: D

团结协作

题目：某中学同备课组的老师，既是合作者、朋友，又是竞争的对手、敌人。平时嘻嘻哈哈，天空海阔，一旦到了月考，立马就成了乌眼鸡，恨不得你吃了我，我吃了你。这种做法违背了教师职业道德中的()的要求。

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（1997年修订）"团结协作"规定，教师要谦虚谨慎、尊重同志，相互学习、相互帮助，维护其他教师在学生中的威信。材料中教师一到月考就变成了竞争对手，敌人，而"团结协作"的职业道德规范要求教师要谦虚谨慎、尊重同志，相互学习、相互帮助。因此选择D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]在教育目的价值取向问题上，主张教育是为了使人增长智慧、发展才干、生活更加充实幸福的观点属于( )。

个人本位论

解析：个人本位论认为教育的目的是培养健全发展的人，发展人的本性，挖掘人的潜能，增加受教育者的个人价值，个人价值高于社会价值，而不是为某个社会阶级服务。其特点是重视人的价值、个性的发展及其需要，把人的个性发展及其需要的满足视为教育的价值所在。

[单选题]太阳小学三(2)班学生小明数学考试没考好，其父母一改以前的决定，暂时不为他购买小天才电话手表。这属于( )。

惩罚

解析：强化是指采用适当的强化物而使机体反应频率、强度和速度增加的过程。惩罚则是当有机体作出某种反应之后，呈现一个厌恶刺激，以消除或抑制此反应的过程。题目中的孩子出现数学学习成绩不好的现象后，父母给他呈现一个厌恶刺激即暂时不给其买小天才电话手表，目的是消除数学成绩不好这种现象，是一种惩罚。

[单选题]Birds are a critical part of our ecologicalsystem. But more than ever, birds arethreatened by human pollution and climate change. 　　We need the birds to eat insects, move seeds and pollen around, transfer nutrients from seato land, clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs, or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest. 　　How could we enjoy spring without the birdsflitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the flowers in our urbanwindow box? Can you contemplate Americawithout the soaring bald eagle, or even thosescavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scraps on our citystreets and waterfronts? How diminished ourlives would be without them? 　　Scavenging eagles and condors need huntersto behave responsibly and bury, or remove,the remains of any shot deer peppered withfragments of lead bullets. Loons, ducks and other water birds will be poisoned bylead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop in their feeding space. 　　All sea and shore birds, even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians, need us to make sure that no otherheavy metals, like mercury and cadmium, are dumped in rivers and make their way acrossthe oceans. 　　Birds like the terns, knots and shearwatersthat migrate between the far north and deep, deep, south of our planet need people everywhere to cease and desist from fillingin their wetland fuel stops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts andfactories in their feeding and breeding grounds. 　　Seabirds are among the most endangeredvertebrate species on the planet, with the International Union for Conservation ofNature classifying 97 species as globallythreatened, and 17 in the highest category of critically threateneD.Of greatest concern arethe pelicans of the southern oceans and thespectacular, but slow-breeding albatross.Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don'tmistakenly carry such debris back to feed their chicks, with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross, cormorants and herons need usto stop over-fishing and compromising theirnormal food supply. 　　The pelicans, penguins and all the birds thatinhabit, or visit, our coastlines need us to ensure that we do not dump oil into gulfs and bays, or release so much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere that the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels arid oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton that feedsso many creatures, and the coral reefsthat nurture enormous numbers of ediblespecies. 　　Think about it. We share this small greenp lanet.As they fly, feed and nest, the birdsmonitor the health of the natural world for us,provided that we, in turn, make the effort to access that key information. 　　The birds and humans are both large, complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms thatinhabit the top of the food chain. At the end ofthe day, their fate will be our fate.

What does the author intend to do inwriting the passage?

To explain a basic tie between birds and human beings.

解析：句意为“作者在写这篇文章时的意图是什？”。A项，意为“评估鸟类对于拯救地球的重要性”；B项，意为“描述保护鸟类的各种措施”；C项，意为“批评人类污染对鸟类带来的影响”；D项，意为“解释鸟类和人类之间的基本联系”。文章第一段指出鸟类是生态系统的关键环，但是鸟类正遭到前所未有的人为污染和气候变化的威胁：二、三段介绍鸟类对生态环境、城市以及人类生活的重要性：四至九段介绍人类应该如何做来保护鸟类：最后两段再次点明鸟类和人类是相互依存的关系，最终，它们的命运就是我们的命运。可见作者写此文的目的是为了解释鸟类和人类的基本关系，故选择D。

[多选题]品德形成受情感的影响。