正确答案: D

The process of making a paperclip.

题目：请阅读 Passage 1,完成1~5小题。 　　Passage 1 　　In the field of psychology,there has long been a certain <u>haziness</u> surrounding the definition of creativity,an I-know-it-when-I-see-it attitude that has eluded a precise formulation.During our conversation,Mark Beeman,a cognitive neuroscientist at Northwestern University,told me that he used to be reluctant to tell people what his area of study was,for fear of being dismissed or misunderstood.What,for instance,crosses your mind when you think of creativity? Well,we know that someone is creative if he produces new things or has new ideas.And yet,as John Kounios,a psychologist at Drexel University who collaborates frequently with Beeman,points out,that view is wrong,or at least not entirely right."Creativity is the process,not the product," he says. 　　To illustrate,Beeman offers an example.Imagine someone who has never used or seen a paperclip and is struggling to keep a bunch ofpapers together.Then the person comes up with a new way of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place. "<u>That</u> was very creative," Beeman says.On the flip side,if someone works in a new field-Beeman gives the example of nanotechnology-anything that he produces may be considered inherently "creative".But was the act of producing it actually creative? As Beeman put it,"Not all artists are creative.And some accountants are very creative." 　　Insight,however,has proved less difficult to define and to study.Because it arrives at a specific moment in time,you can isolate it,examine it,and analyze its characteristics."Insight is only one part of creativity," Beeman says."But we can measure it.We have a temporal marker that something just happened in the brain.I'd never say that's all of creativity,but it's a central, identifiable component." When scientists examine insight in the lab.they are looking at what types of attention and thought processes lead to that moment of synthesis: If you are trying to facilitate 　　a breakthrough,are there methods you can use that help? If you feel stuck on a problem,are there tricks to get you through? 　　In a recent study,Beeman and Kounios followed people's gazes as they attempted to solve what's called the remote-associates test,in which the subject is given a series of words,like "pine" "crab" and "sauce" and has to think of a single word that can logically be paired with all of them.They wanted to see if the direction of a person's eyes and her rate ofblinking could shed light on her approach and on her likelihood of success.It turned out that if the subject looked directly at a word and focused on it-that is,blinked less frequently,signaling a higher degree of close attention-she was more likely to be thinking in an analytical,convergent fashion,going through possibilities that made sense and systematically discarding those that didn't.If she looked at "pine" say,she might.be thinking of words like "tree" "cone" and "needle" ,then testing each option to see if it fit with the other words.When the subject stopped looking at any specific worD.either by moving her eyes or by blinking,she was more likely to think of broader,more abstract associations.That is a more insight-oriented approach."You need to learn not just to stare but to look outside your focus," Beeman says.(The solution to this remote-associates test: "apple" .) 　　As it turns out,by simple following someone's eyes and measuring her blinks and fixation times,Beeman's group can predict how someone will likely solve a problem and when she is nearing that solution.That's an important consideration for would-be creative minds: it helps us understand how distinct patterns of attention may contribute to certain kinds ofinsights.

解析：指代题。根据画线单词that前的句子“To illustrate，Beeman offers an example.Imagine someone who has never used or seen a paperclip and is struggling to keepa bunch of papers together.Then the person comes up with a new way of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place.”可知，为了解释其观点，Beeman举了一个例子。试想一个从未使用过或者见过回形针的人正在努力将一堆纸叠在一起。然后他想到将一根金属丝掰弯以固定纸堆的办法。又根据第一段最后一句“Creativityis the process，not the product”可知，that指的是做回形针的过程。故本题选D。

查看原题 查看所有试题

学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]( )主编的《教育学》试图用马克思主义认知论，科学地解释教学过程，揭示学生认识的特点，概括教学过程的基本环节，阐明教学应采用的原则，方法与组织形式，强调教师在教学中的领导作用。

凯洛夫

解析：凯洛夫主编的《教育学》试图用马克思主义认知论，科学地解释教学过程，揭示学生认识的特点，概括教学过程的基本环节，阐明教学应采用的原则、方法与组织形式，强调教师在教学中的领导作用。赫尔巴特的代表作是《普通教育学》，卢梭的代表作是《爱弥儿》，杜威的代表作是《民主主义与教育》。

[单选题]学习评价是对学生学习发展情况作出的价值判断。从评价的功能分析，随堂测验属于( )。

形成性评价

解析：形成性评价是在教学过程中为改进和完善教学活动而进行的对学生学习过程及结果的评价。它包括在一节课或一个课题的教学中对学生的口头提问和书面测验。形成性评价可以使教师和学生都能及时获得反馈信息，从而更好地改进教学过程，提高教学质量。

[单选题]新课程改革中提出的课程"三维"目标是( )。

知识与技能，过程与方法，情感、态度、价值观

解析：我国现阶段教学的首要目标是双基，即基础知识和基本技能。新课改中提出的三维教学目标为知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观。

[单选题] There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over- educated, eco-conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation's schools singled out those in the smugly green village of Berkeley, Calif, as being among the worst in the country, The city's public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly tumed students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory's worth of heavy metals like manganese(锰), chromium(铬) and nickel(镍) each day. This is a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus. Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent- teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children's health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, tlus latest drama is a trial for how today's parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe-whether it's possible to keep them safe-in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in our time,"safe" could even mean. "There's no way around the uncertainty," says Kimberly Thompson,president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies children's health."That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren't going to know if they do." A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It's the dangers parents can't-and may never- quantify that occur all of sudden. That's why I've rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I've lived blocks from a major fault line (地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven't bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.

Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fear from ________.

the uncertain

解析：1.细节题。文中第二段提到“…whom should parents believe?”可见家长对调查结果也很不确信，故选C。 2.细节题。USA Today的调查结果显示air quality around the nation's schools singled out those in the smugly green village of Berkeley，Calif.，as being among the worst in the country，即空气污染严重，故选C。 3.细节题。文中第二段第一句提到“Since December，when the report came out，the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in afierce battle over its validity…”即引起了激烈的争论，故选D。 4.细节题。文中最后一段提到“But such concrete hazards are beside the point”，故选项 A和C不符合题意；选项D不是Pediatrics的研究；第三句提到“…that nervous parents have more to fear from fire,car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure”，所以选B. 5.态度题。从最后一段可以判断，作者觉得更可怕的是那些不可以确定的事物；选项 C是其中一个方面，不够全面。故选A。

[多选题]师生冲突是教师和学生之间出现尖锐的矛盾冲突，既有利又有弊。( )

解析：师生冲突是教师和学生之间出现尖锐的矛盾冲突，有利有弊。

[单选题]甲乙两地各抽取100名初中一年级的学生进行了体重测量，相关的统计结果见下表。下列选项中，对这次测量结果的解释，最恰当的是（ ）。甲地10037.3110.295乙地10038.2130.340

甲地的标准差系数为0.295，甲地学生的体重更具有代表性

解析：甲地标准差系数为0.295，甲地学生体重更具有代表性。故本题选C。