正确答案:
题目:材料:周老师总是认真给学生写评语,把它作为教育学生的途径。他给班上一名淘气的学生写了一首打油诗:“小赵同学有头脑,就是不爱用正道;上课爱做小动作,插话接舌瞎胡闹;学习态度不太好,学习成绩不大妙;你若聪明应知道,有才不用是草包;劝你来期赶紧改,否则成绩更糟糕。”小赵阅后哈哈大笑,也回老师一打油诗:“老师写得好,老师写得妙;小赵一定改,决不当草包;不做小动作,头脑用正道;若是做不好,随你老师敲!”小张迷恋电脑游戏,周老师用心良苦,巧妙地把他比喻为电脑,给他的评语是:“该主机硬盘超过80G,内存2G,运行绝大多数游戏非常流畅、反应灵敏;显卡强大,画面质量甚高;整体配置非常优良。但该机音效卡设定不良,常常该出声时没声音,该安静时却发出杂音;另外屏幕保护时间设定过短,老师一分钟没动作,就进入休眠状态。修理修理,还是好用的。”后来,小张改掉了迷恋游戏的毛病,对电脑硬件也产生了兴趣。小黄语文水平高,但有些浮躁,周老师给他写了如下评语:“汝生于书香门第,通达明理,开朗乐观。时有非常之事,亦曾处之泰然,好学善守。然汝时有蹉跎之意,散惰顽甚。若不熟读圣贤之书,以致学识浅薄,泯然众人,岂不哀哉,痛哉!”小黄阅后,心服口服,下定决心,坚持勤奋读书。问题:(1)周老师给学生写的评语体现了哪些德育原则?(9分)(2)请结合材料加以分析。(9分)
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学习资料的答案和解析:
[单选题]一个实际身高为180厘米的人,距离观察者分别为3米、5米、15米时.观察者都觉得这个人的大小是不变的。这是由于知觉具有( )。
恒常性
解析:一个人离我们距离远近时的大小保持不变,属于知觉的恒常性。
[单选题]某初级中学违反国家有关规定向学生收取补课费。依据《中华人民共和国教育法》,有权责令该校退还所收费用的是( )。
教育行政机关
解析:《中华人民共和国教育法》第七十八条规定,"学校及其他教育机构违反国家有关规定向受教育者收取费用的,由教育行政部门或者其他有关行政部门责令退还所收费用;对直接负责的主管人员和其他责任人员,依法给予处分"。
[单选题]将猫、狗、鼠等概括为"动物",这是( )。
概念学习
解析:概念是同类事物的共同关键特征或本质特征,是区分事物的关键。概念学习的实质就是掌握同类事物的共同关键特征。将猫、狗、鼠等概括为"动物"即为一种概念学习,故选择C。加涅根据层次,将学习分为八个阶段,信号学习、是刺激一一反应学习、连锁学习、言语联结学习、辨别学习、概念学习、原理(规则)学习、解决问题学习(高级规则)。A选项,信号学习是最低级层次的学习。B选项,辨别学习是指学习者对某一特别集合中的不同的成份作出不同的反应的学习。D选项,连锁学习是一种成系列的单个"S-R"的结合的学习。有些连锁学习是由肌肉反应组成的,而有些连锁学习完全是言语的。
[单选题]教学过程阶段的中心环节是( )。
领会知识
解析:教学过程阶段包括以下几个环节,引起学习动机、领会知识、巩固知识、运用知识、检查知识。而领会知识是教学的中心环节,它包括使学生感知和理解教材。故选择A。
[单选题]Birds are a critical part of our ecologicalsystem. But more than ever, birds arethreatened by human pollution and climate change.
We need the birds to eat insects, move seeds and pollen around, transfer nutrients from seato land, clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs, or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest.
How could we enjoy spring without the birdsflitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the flowers in our urbanwindow box? Can you contemplate Americawithout the soaring bald eagle, or even thosescavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scraps on our citystreets and waterfronts? How diminished ourlives would be without them?
Scavenging eagles and condors need huntersto behave responsibly and bury, or remove,the remains of any shot deer peppered withfragments of lead bullets. Loons, ducks and other water birds will be poisoned bylead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop in their feeding space.
All sea and shore birds, even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians, need us to make sure that no otherheavy metals, like mercury and cadmium, are dumped in rivers and make their way acrossthe oceans.
Birds like the terns, knots and shearwatersthat migrate between the far north and deep, deep, south of our planet need people everywhere to cease and desist from fillingin their wetland fuel stops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts andfactories in their feeding and breeding grounds.
Seabirds are among the most endangeredvertebrate species on the planet, with the International Union for Conservation ofNature classifying 97 species as globallythreatened, and 17 in the highest category of critically threateneD.Of greatest concern arethe pelicans of the southern oceans and thespectacular, but slow-breeding albatross.Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don'tmistakenly carry such debris back to feed their chicks, with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross, cormorants and herons need usto stop over-fishing and compromising theirnormal food supply.
The pelicans, penguins and all the birds thatinhabit, or visit, our coastlines need us to ensure that we do not dump oil into gulfs and bays, or release so much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere that the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels arid oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton that feedsso many creatures, and the coral reefsthat nurture enormous numbers of ediblespecies.
Think about it. We share this small greenp lanet.As they fly, feed and nest, the birdsmonitor the health of the natural world for us,provided that we, in turn, make the effort to access that key information.
The birds and humans are both large, complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms thatinhabit the top of the food chain. At the end ofthe day, their fate will be our fate.
Which of the following fails to tell what birds do according to the passage?
They are likely to attack thoseirresponsible hunters.
解析:句意为“根据文章,下列哪一项不能正确表述鸟类可以做的事?”。A项,意为“以奇妙的方式帮助植物生长”,对应第二段“We need the birds to eatinsects, move seeds andpollen around transfernutrients from sea to land.”鸟类吃害虫,帮助植物播撒种子和传播花粉,将营养从海洋转移到陆地。B项,意为“清理鱼类和动物的尸体”,对应第二段“clean up after the mass death ofthe annual Pacific salmon runs,or when a wild animal falls anywhere in afield or forest.”C项,意为“阻止海洋的污染和酸化”,出现在第二段、倒数第三段。D项,意为“可能攻击不负责任的猎人”出现在第四段。D项与文意最为不符,故选择D。
[单选题]在Excel工作表中,当选择( )方式时,单元格中的内容将重复多次来填充单元格所在的列,直到填满为止。
填充对齐
解析:选择填充对齐时,会将重复内容进行填充,直到填满,故选择A。
[单选题]为了提高学生的法制意识,预防可能发生的未成年人犯罪事件,学校拟采取应对措施。下列选项中不正确的是( )。
要求班主任承担对未成年学生的监护责任
解析:《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》第九条规定,"学校应当聘任从事法制教育的专职或者兼职教师。学校根据条件可以聘请校外法律辅导员"。第十条规定,"未成年人的父母或者其他监护人对未成年人的法制教育负有直接责任。学校在对学生进行预防犯罪教育时,应当将教育计划告知未成年人的父母或者其他监护人,未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当结合学校的计划,针对具体情况进行教育"。故要求班主任承担对未成年学生的监护责任的说法是不正确的。