正确答案: D

Oxymoron.

题目：What rhetoric device is used in the sentence " This is a successful failure"?

解析：本题考查修辞学。题干：“这是一次成功的失败”这句话中运用了什么修辞手法？成功和失败是反义词，用成功修饰失败存在很明显的矛盾关系。矛盾修饰法是把两个意思相反、互相矛盾或互不协调的词用在一起以产生深刻含义的修辞效果。它是英语反义词的一种灵活运用。这种修辞手法表面上看起来是矛盾的，但实际上这样的组合却能达到其他修辞手法没有的语言效果，含义深刻，寓意明确。A项“明喻”，B项“转喻／借代”，C项“隐喻／暗喻”，D项“矛盾修饰法”。故本题选D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]口渴会促使个体做出觅水的活动，这是动机的( )

激活功能

解析：动机是个体能动性的一个主要方面，它具有激活功能，即发动行为的作用，能推动个体产生某种活动，使个体由静止状态转向活动状态。

[单选题]方铭是老师们眼里的"问题生"。教师一次次的与家长联系成了家常便饭，每次方铭的家长态度都很诚恳，希望得到老师的帮助。但班主任王老师总是训斥家长没有教育监督好孩子，这一做法违背了教师职业道德的()要求。

尊重家长

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（1997年修订）"尊重家长"规定，教师应正确处理与家长的关系，与家长及时沟通，平等对待家长，尊重家长，与家长共同形成教育合力。教师在与家长沟通时要做到尊重家长，对于问题学生的家长不能一味训斥，应该共同合作促进学生发展。故选择C。

[单选题]鼠标在段落中( )击，可选中整个段落。

三

解析：三连击可以选中整个段落，故选择C。A选项，单击可然光标移动到当前位置。C选项，双击可以选中当前词语。D选项，四连击，效果相当于双击，取消整段选择，变成选中当前词语。

[单选题] Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors.It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary.Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the1980s and1990s (a modern example is Caki No Tsukai), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term"reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations.For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales.Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name"reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre.In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The ReaL World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out.Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts.Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word"reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories.It really is not reality TV.It really is unscripted drama."

In the first line, the writer says "it is claimed" because ________.

they want to distance themselves from the statement

解析：1.it is claimed的意思是"据宣称"，即不是作者本人的言论，所以选项D更符合题意。 2.从文章第四段"Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations."可知这种需求是因为能把普通人放置到不平凡的处境中，C项是该句的同义替换。 3.A、B选项说法太笼统，只有D选项在文章最后一段出现。 4.从文章第四段"Reality television also has the potential to turn its paIticipants into national celebrities,outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol,though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity."可知选B. 5.从文章最后一段"Mark Burnett，creator of Survivor and other reality shows，has agreed with this assessment，and avoids the word'reality' to describe his shows"可知Mark Burnett也认为称它为"reality television"是不准确的，并且避免用reality这个词汇。

[单选题]复习时，用红笔画出书中重点是利用了知觉的( )。

选择性

解析：整体性是指人根据自己的知谀经验把直接作用于感官的客观事物的多种属性整合为一个整体的过程。理解性是指人以知觉经验为基础，对感知的事物加工处理，并用词语加以概括赋予说明的过程。选择性是指人根据当前的需要，对客观刺激物有选择地作为知觉对象进行加工的过程。恒常性是指人的知觉映象在一定范围内不随知觉条件的改变而保持相对稳定特性的过程。故可知正确答案为C。

[单选题]"为中华之崛起而读书"，这样的学习动机属于( )。

远景性外部动机

解析：根据动机的来源，把动机分为内部动机和外部动机，外部动机是由外部诱因引起的动机，内部动机是由个体内在需要引起的动机：根据学习动机的作用和学习活动的关系可以把动机分为近景动机和远景动机，近景动机与学习活动直接相连，来源于对学习内容或学习结果的兴趣，远景动机与学习的社会意义和个人前途相连。"为中华之崛起而读书"属于远景性外部动机。

[单选题]艾宾浩斯遭忘曲线表明，遗忘的速度是不均衡的，呈现的趋势是

先快后慢

解析：19世纪末德国心理学家艾宾浩斯通过实验，提出了著名的“遗忘曲线”。遗忘曲线表明：遗忘是学习之后立即发生的，而且遗忘的进程是不均匀的，有先快后慢的特点。故本题选C。