正确答案: B

庄、杨、孔

题目：孔、庄、杨三人是某单位的处长、副处长和科长。可以确定的是：庄至今尚未去过长江村调研：杨虽未去过长江村，但是他就调研这件事曾与处长商量过；科长曾去长江村调研多次，写过专门的调查报告。据此，可以推断担任处长、副处长和科长职务的人依次分别是( )。

解析：这是一道元素对应类的问题。由"庄未去过"、"杨未去过"和"科长曾去过"可知，庄和杨都不是科长，则孔是科长：再由"杨曾与处长商量过"可知杨不是处长，所以杨是副处长，庄是处长。故选择B项。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]在教育对象问题上，提出"有教无类"主张的是( )。

孔子

解析：孔子的教育思想主要反映在《论语》-书中，以"仁"为核心的最高道德标准：实施教育的先决条件是"庶"与"富"；继承西周六艺教育传统，教学纲领是"博学于文，约之以礼"；教学科目，诗、书、礼、乐、易、春秋；因材施教，"孔子施教，各因其材"；启发诱导，"不愤不启，不悱不发"；全面教育原则，"有教无类"；巩固性教学原则，"学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆"、"学而时习之"、"温故而知新"：教学过程，"学一思一行"。故选择A。B选项，"教育"一词最早见于《孟子·尽心上》。孟子日："君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也；仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也；得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。"C选项，苟子，提出"人之性恶，其善者伪也"，即人性趋向于邪恶，人们善良的行为是后天作为的结果。"化性而起伪"，用礼义法度等去引导人的自然本性，即改造人的本性，使之树立道德观念。D选项，墨子是中国历史上唯一一个农民出身的哲学家，墨子创立了墨家学说，墨家在先秦时期影响很大，与儒家并称"显学"。他提出了"兼爱"、"非攻"等观点。

[多选题]教育是培养人的工作，在确定培养人的规格时受到社会生产力发展水平的影响。( )

解析：经济发展带来的知识增长，为教育内容的丰富和课程的调整提供了可能性。教学方法、教学手段、教学组织形式都受生产力发展水平的影响。

[多选题]下列状态中，属于注意分配的有( )。

学生上课一边听课，一边记笔记

司机一边开车，一边观察路况

老师一边讲课，一边板书

演员一边弹琴，一边唱歌

解析：注意的分配是指在同一时间内，把注意指向不同的对象，同时从事着几种不同的活动。

[单选题]She_____it very well when she describedher younger brother as"brilliant but lazy".

put

解析：句意为“她把他弟弟表述成‘聪明但懒惰’，这真是说得太好了”。Put有“说，表达”的意思，put it verywell意为“说得很好”。make“做，制造”，assume“假定，承担”，Interpret“解释，口译”。故选择A。

[单选题]Birds are a critical part of our ecologicalsystem. But more than ever, birds arethreatened by human pollution and climate change. 　　We need the birds to eat insects, move seeds and pollen around, transfer nutrients from seato land, clean up after the mass death of the annual Pacific salmon runs, or when a wild animal falls anywhere in a field or forest. 　　How could we enjoy spring without the birdsflitting busily in our garden or dropping by to check out the flowers in our urbanwindow box? Can you contemplate Americawithout the soaring bald eagle, or even thosescavengers like the pigeons and gulls that clean up discarded food scraps on our citystreets and waterfronts? How diminished ourlives would be without them? 　　Scavenging eagles and condors need huntersto behave responsibly and bury, or remove,the remains of any shot deer peppered withfragments of lead bullets. Loons, ducks and other water birds will be poisoned bylead bullets and lead fishing sinkers if we allow such objects to drop in their feeding space. 　　All sea and shore birds, even the puffins and guillemots of the otherwise pristine Aleutians, need us to make sure that no otherheavy metals, like mercury and cadmium, are dumped in rivers and make their way acrossthe oceans. 　　Birds like the terns, knots and shearwatersthat migrate between the far north and deep, deep, south of our planet need people everywhere to cease and desist from fillingin their wetland fuel stops and rest stations,and from constructing golfing resorts andfactories in their feeding and breeding grounds. 　　Seabirds are among the most endangeredvertebrate species on the planet, with the International Union for Conservation ofNature classifying 97 species as globallythreatened, and 17 in the highest category of critically threateneD.Of greatest concern arethe pelicans of the southern oceans and thespectacular, but slow-breeding albatross.Plastic bags must be eliminated from natural environments so sea and shore birds don'tmistakenly carry such debris back to feed their chicks, with invariably lethal consequences.The albatross, cormorants and herons need usto stop over-fishing and compromising theirnormal food supply. 　　The pelicans, penguins and all the birds thatinhabit, or visit, our coastlines need us to ensure that we do not dump oil into gulfs and bays, or release so much carbon dioxideinto the atmosphere that the oceans turn acidic and we lose the mussels arid oysters,the mass of calcareous plankton that feedsso many creatures, and the coral reefsthat nurture enormous numbers of ediblespecies. 　　Think about it. We share this small greenp lanet.As they fly, feed and nest, the birdsmonitor the health of the natural world for us,provided that we, in turn, make the effort to access that key information. 　　The birds and humans are both large, complex and ultimately vulnerable organisms thatinhabit the top of the food chain. At the end ofthe day, their fate will be our fate.

Which of the following is closest inmeaning to the underlined word "contemplate"in PARAGRAPH THREE?

Think about.

解析：句意为“下列哪项与第三段划线单词‘contemplate’一词的意思最接近？”。A项，Livein意为“居住”；B项，Think about意为“想像”；C项，Arrive at意为“到达”；D项，Comment on意为“评论”。根据第三段的内容，作者的目的是让读者想象没有鸟类的生活会变成什么样，可推测contemplate的意思为“考虑，思量”。故选择B。

[多选题]错觉产生的都是消极作用。