正确答案: C

60

题目：我国传统纪年法沿用干支纪年，首个为甲子。那么形容人的年纪"花甲"是多少岁( )。

解析：花甲一词出自中国古代历法，指个人的年龄满六十岁。在计算年龄时，都以天干地支的顺序来表示，每六十年就会重复一次，即个人到六十整岁时，就逢"还历"，故六十岁也称"还历之年"。其它别称还有：平头甲子、杖乡之年、耳顺之年。70岁称为古稀之年、杖国之年、致事之年、悬车之年：50岁称为知命之年、年逾半百、大衍之年：40岁称为不惑之年、强壮之年。

查看原题 查看所有试题

学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列说法中正确的是( )。

成绩差的学生也有可能获得成功

解析：以人为本的学生观强调，学生是发展的人。教师要充分相信每一位学生的潜力，故排除D，选择C。A选项，以人为本的学生观强调，促进学生全面发展。作为教师，不能把学习成绩作为评价学生的唯一标准，故排除A。B选项，新课改的教学观强调，教学要以学生为中心，学生在教学中处于主体地位，排除B。

[单选题]当学生面对某种问题情境时，教师帮助学生寻求与此相似的情境进行解答这种问题的方法是( )。

算法

解析：类比法是当面对某种问题情境时，个体可以运用类比思维，先寻求与此有些相似的情境的解答。故选择C。A选项，爬山法是指采用一定的方法逐步降低初始状态和目标状态的距离，以达到问题解决的一种方法。这就好像登山者，为了登上山峰，需要从山脚一步一步登上山峰一样。B选项，手段目的分析是指将目标划分成许多子目标，将问题划分成许多子问题后，寻找每一个子问题的手段。D选项，一个算法就是为达到某一个目标或解决某个问题而采取的一步一步的程序。算法策略就是在问题空间中随机搜索所有可能的解决问题的方法，直至选择一种有效的方法解决问题。简而言之，算法策略就是把解决问题的方法一一进行尝试，最终找到解决问题的答案。

[单选题]"入芝兰之室，久而不间其香"描述的是( )。

适应现象

解析："入芝兰之室，久而不闻其香"描述的是嗅觉适应现象。

[单选题]有的同学判断客观事物时容易受外来因素的影响和干扰，这种认知方式是( )。

场依存

解析：场依存型的学生的特点是对事物作出判断时倾向于以外部参照作为信息加工的依据，容易受周围人们，特别是权威人士的影响和干扰，善于察言观色。故选择A。B选项，场独立，该类型的学生的特点是对客观事物做判断时，常常利用内部的参照，不易受外来的因素影响和干扰，独立对事物作出判断。C选项，冲动型，该类型学生的特点是常常以很快的速度形成自己的看法，在解决问题时往往强调速度而非精度。D选项，反思型，该类型的学生的特点是在问题解决时常常不急于说出自己的看法，而是先对各种可能的答案进行分析，解决问题时往往强调精度而非速度。

[单选题]一个人只有在身体、心理和社会适应、道德方面都很健康，才算完全的健康。A.正确B.错误

解析：暂无

[单选题] Like most people, I've long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I'm treated as a person. Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they'd never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I'd been. I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I'd be sitting at their table, waiting to be served. Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked-cordially. I soon found out differently, I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me. My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry. It's no secret that there's a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others' needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn't get the difference between server and servant. I'm now applying to graduate school, which means someday I'll. return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I'll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.

What does the author imply by saying "... many of my customers didn't get the difference between server and servant"?

Those working in the service industry shouldn't be treated as servants.

解析：1.细节题。文中第一段提到，作者知道人们会以职位来判断一个人的智力；最后一句提到“1 was disappointed to see'that it also decides how I'm treated as a person.”故选C。 2.推断题，文中第二段提到，作者在做服务生时，一个打着电话的客人把他赶走，一分钟后又打手势让他过去，还说一直找不到他，即客人很不尊重服务员，故选B。 3.推断题。文中倒数第二段提到了这句话，从作者的意思来看，很多客人不尊重服务员，把他们当成了仆人来使唤，这让作者很不满意，故选项C符合题意。 4.细节题。文中第三段第二句提到“But at 19 years old，I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults.”即在19岁时，作者认为受到下等人的对待是应该的，即是件很自然的事，故选D。 5.推断题。根据全文的意思判断，作者对那些把服务员当成仆人的客人很不满，以后带着客户去吃饭，应该是想观察一下客户对服务员的态度，从中反映出他们是什么样的人，选项B符合题意。

[单选题] The Earth has been stripped of up to90% of its species five times before in the past 450 million years. Now it's about to happen again-and this time there's no rogue asteroid (小行星) to blame. One of the first great rules of terrestrial biology is that no species is forever. The Earth has gone through five major extinction events before. The result of all of the extinctions was the same: death, a lot of it. As increasingly accepted theories have argued-and as the Science papers show-we are now in the midst of the sixth great extinction, the unsettlingly-named Anthropocene(人类纪), or the age of the humans. As the authors of all this loss, we are doing our nasty work in a lot of ways. Overexploitation-which is to say killing animals for food, clothing or the sheer perverse pleasure of it-plays a big role. So we get elephants slaughtered for their tusks, thinos poached (偷猎) for their homs and tigers shot and skinned for their pelts, until oops-no more elephants, thinos or tigers. Habitat destruction is another big driver, particularly in rainforests. And you don't even have to chop or burn an ecosystem completely away to threaten its species; sometimes all it takes is cutting a few roads across it or building a few farms or homes in the wrong spots. Then too there is global warming, which makes once-hospitable habitats too hot or dry or stormy for species adapted to different conditions. Finally, as TIME's Bryan Walsh wrote in last week's cover story, there are invasive species-pests like the giant African snail, the lionfish-which hitch a ride into a new ecosystem on ships or packing material, or are brought in as pets, and then reproduce wildly, crowding out native species. It oughtn't to take appealing to our self-interest to get us to quit making such a mess of what we're increasingly coming to learn is an exceedingly destructible world. But it's that very self-interest that led us to make that mess in the first place. We can either start to change our ways, or we can keep going the way we are-at least until the Anthropocene extinction claims one final species: our own.

What is the best title for this Passage?

The Sixth Great Extinction Is Underway-And We're to Blame

解析：1.细节题。“The Earth has been stripped of up to 90% of its species five times before in the past 450 million years”意为在过去的4.5亿年中，地球曾经五次损失了90%的生物。A中错在不是现在，而是在过去的4.5亿年。B、C、D都符合文意。本题考察的是对成分复杂句子的解读。 2.词义题。文章前面一直在说之前的五次物种大灭绝，后面要引出的是这一次的物种消亡。提到了“it's about to happen again”和“this time”，可见之前的灭亡原因是小行星。故选D。A、B都是字面意思，而C意思相反。 3.细节题。全文都在讲述造成大灭绝的原因，A项出自“overexploitation-which is to say killing animals for food，clothing or the sheer perverse pleasure of it-plays a big role”，但是逻辑有误，以动物为食只是其中一个原因，故选A。而B、C、D都可以在文中找到。 4.细节题。细节的位置在“there are invasive species…which hitch a ride into a new ecosystem on ships or packing material, or are brought in as pets, and then reproduce wildly, crowding out native species”，介绍了入侵物种的来源和危害，它们都由船或包装物或作为宠物带来，迅速繁殖，进而挤走了本地生物。A、B、C在句中都可以找出，D错在入侵物种不一定是吃掉了本地物种。 5.主旨题。文章以之前的大灭绝开头，引入人类面临的大灭绝，在介绍了造成灭绝的原因后，提出了倡议，不仅有客观，而且有对于人类前途的担忧和建议。反观这几个题目．A只强调了客观原因，C项过于含糊，D项只提到了倡议，只有B最为全面。