正确答案: C

项羽

题目：下列哪一个人物和"乌江自刎"有关( )。

解析：大泽乡起义又称"陈胜吴广起义"，是秦末农民战争的一部分，沉重打击了秦朝，揭开了秦末农民起义的序幕，是中国历史上第一次大规模的平民起义；与陈胜吴广起义有关的成语有：燕雀安知鸿鹊之志哉、揭竿而起、王侯将相宁有种乎、苟富贵勿相忘。刘备是三国时期蜀国的开国皇帝，与刘备相关成语有：三顾茅庐、桃园结义、青梅煮酒论英雄、如鱼得水、后患无穷。韩信为刘邦帐下大将，帮助刘邦击败项羽，统一中华；与韩信有关的才成语有：一饭干金、背水一战、胯下之辱。项羽在秦末领导起义，后于刘邦"楚汉相争"，最终兵败垓下、自刎乌江；与项羽有关的成语有：四面楚歌、破釜沉舟、霸王别姬、力能扛鼎、自刎乌江、无颜见江东父老。故答案选C。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]教师职业道德区别于其他职业道德的显著标志是()。

为人师表

解析：教师职业道德区别于其他职业道德的显著标志是为人师表。故选择B。AD选项其他职业也适用，并不是教师职业独有的。

[单选题]老师告诉孩子过马路要遵守交通规则，红灯停绿灯行。但是有时孩子在等待红灯时看到有成人穿过马路，也便跟着过了马路，这说明( )对儿童成长的重要影响。

社会环境

解析：社会环境是影响人身心发展的重要因素。

[单选题]教科书是对某学科现有知识和成果的综合归纳和系统阐述，为教师备课、上课、布置作业、评定学生学习成绩提供基本材料。在编写教科书时，应遵循的原则是( )。

科学性、思想性、基础性、适用性

解析：在编写教科书时，应遵循的原则有：(1)按照不同学科的特点，体现科学性与思想性。(2)强调内容的基础性。在加强基础知识和基本技能的同时，注意贴近社会生活，并适当渗透先进的科学思想，为学生今后学习新知识奠定基础。(3)在保证科学性的前提下，教材还要考虑到我国社会发展现实水平和教育现状，必须注意到基本教材对大多数学生和大多数学校的适用性。(4)合理体现各科知识的逻辑顺序和受教育者学习的心理顺序。(5)兼顾同一年级各门学科内容之间的关系和同一学科各年级教材之间的衔接。

[单选题]皮格马利翁效应体现了教师( )对学生的影响。

期望

解析：罗森塔尔效应，也称皮格马利翁效应或期待效应。认为教师的期望或明或暗地被传送给学生，学生会按照教师所期望的方向来塑造自己的行为。

[单选题] The use of deferential language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she "treads softly in the world," elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form. Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic ideal. They are using fewer of the very deferential "women's" forms, and even using the few strong forms that are known as "men's." This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of women's language. Indeed, we didn't hear about "men's language" until people began to respond to girls' appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the "corruption" of women's language-which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality-and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly camed out by the media. Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to "grow into"-after all, it is assign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one's social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older women-in a fashion analogous to little girls' use of a high-pitched voice to do "teacher talk" or "mother talk" in role play. The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change-of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the "masculization" of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be "masculine." Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools arid out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new sub-cultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like "masculine" speech may seem to an adolescent like "liberated" or "hip" speech.

How do some people react to women's appropriation of men's language forms as reported in the Japanese media?

They call for a campaign to stop the defeminization.

解析：1.细节题。文中第一段提到了典型的日本女人受到孔子思想的影响，谦虚、优雅；只有 C选项不是日本女人的典型特征，故选C。 2.细节题。文中最后一段提到“The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change”即年轻女人使用的语言不再那么顺从，与B选项吻合，故选B。 3.细节题。文中第二段提到“This，of course，attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of women's language”即日本媒体强烈反对女性用语中的去女性化现象。故选A。 4.细节题。文中第三段提到“…it is assign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one's social relations as well.”即高度有礼貌的语言被视为一种成熟和文雅，选项C符合题意。 5.细节题。文章最后一段提到“Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out"选项A符合题意，故选A。

[单选题] A decade ago, the idea that the planet was warming up as a result of human activity was largely theoretical. We knew that since the Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century, factories and power plants and automobiles and farms have been loading the atmosphere with heat-trapping gases, including carbon dioxide and methane (甲烷). But evidence that the climate was actually getting hotter was still murky. Not anymore. As an.authoritative report issued a few weeks ago by the United Nations-sponsored Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change makes plain, the trend toward a warmer world has unquestionably begun. Worldwide temperatures have climbed more than 0.5℃ over the past century, and the 1990s were the hottest decade on record. After analyzing data going back at least two decades on everything from air and ocean temperatures to the spread and retreat of wildlife, the IPCC asserts that this slow but steady warming has had an impact on no fewer than 420 physical processes and animals and plant species in all countries. Glaciers, including the legendary snows of Kilimanjaro, are disappearing from mountaintops around the globe. Coral reefs are dying off as the seas get too warm for comfort. Drought is the norm in parts of Asian and Africa. El Nino (厄尔尼诺) events, which trigger devastating weather in the eastern Pacific, are more frequent. The Arctic permafrost (永久冻土带) is starting to melt. Lakes and rivers in colder climates are freezing later and thawing earlier each year. Plants and animals are shifting their ranges pole-ward and to higher altitudes, and migration patterns for animals as diverse as polar bears, butterflies and beluga whales are being disrupted.

What is the best title for the Passage?

Life in the Greenhouse

解析：1.细节题。本题的定位在“A decade ago，the idea that the planet was warming up as a result of human activity was largely theoretical""but evidence that the climate was actually getting hotter was still murky…not anymore”即十年前，这种观点只是理论上的，证据是模糊的，而现在再不是了。故选D。 2.细节题。由文中“the trend toward a warmer world has unquestionably begun”，可见该机构的人员认为这种变暖毫无疑问已经开始了。A、B不符合文意，D没有提及。故选C正确。 3.细节题。定位为“worldwide temperatures have climbed more than 0.5℃ over the past century，and the 1990s were the hottest decade on record”，即在过去的一世纪中，世界气温上涨了0.5℃，而20世纪90年代是史上最热的十年。A项错误，C和D项没有提及。 4.细节题。关于亚洲和非洲的描述出现在文章的最后一段。其中提到了干旱，永久冻土带正在消融，河水和湖水的冰冻时间推后，日渐消融，植物和动物都不断向高海拔移动，动物的迁徙被打乱等等。B、C、D都没有提及，故选A，动物正向别处搬家正确。 5.主旨题。文章主要是介绍全球变暖对于地球上生物生活的影响，并没有介绍变暖的原因和责备人类造成了气候变暖，故B和C错误。D项过于偏颇。故选A。