正确答案: A

20个人都是本科学历

题目：某单位共有20名工作人员。①有人是本科学历；②单位的负责人不是本科学历；③有人不是本科学历。上述三个判断中只有一个是真的。以下哪项正确表示了该单位具有本科学历的工作人员的人数( )。

解析：这是一道真假话问题，①和⑧是下反对关系，必有一真。由"只有一个为真的"可知，②必然为假，即可推出单位的负责人是本科学历，进而推出①为真，则③为假，可推出所有人都是本科学历。故选择A项。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[多选题]阅读下面材料，根据要求作文。 　　博览群书总还是要的，读书人喜欢说"腹有诗书气自华"，但仔细想想，在人身上真正起作用的，一定是真正读懂、读通、读化了的那几部书。 　　要求： 　　用规范的现代汉语写作。自定立意，自拟题目，自选文本。不少于800字。

[单选题]一般情况下，一个人对活动的目的、任务的重要意义理解得越清楚、越深刻，对完成任务的愿望越强烈，与完成任务有关的一切事物也就越能引起和保持其( )。

有意注意

解析：引起和维持有意注意的条件之一是加深对活动的任务的理解。因为有意注意是有预定目的的注意，所以对所从事的学习、工作的目的、任务越明确，对其意义理解越深刻，完成任务达到目的的愿望越强烈，越能引起和保持有意注意。

[单选题]教师在教学中教会学生学习"going"的"ing"，再教学生学习"playing""Coming"就能达到事半功倍的效果，可以解释这种学习现象的是( )。

概括化理论

解析：美国心理学家贾德提出了概括化理论。他认为两种学习活动之间存在共同要素仅仅是知识产生迁移的必要前提，而迁移产生的关键是学习者在这两种活动中通过概括形成了能够泛化的共同原理。题目中，学生学会了在动词后加"ing"来表示进行时态的原理，继而对同类的词语也能轻松学习，能解释这一现象的是概括化理论。

[单选题]( )家庭教养方式有利于儿童的健康发展。

民主型

解析：家庭教养方式一般分为以下三类：权威型、放纵型、民主型。民主型教养方式的父母与孩子处于一种平等和谐的氛围中，父母尊重孩子，给孩子一定的自主权和积极正确的引导。民主型的教养方式更有可能培养出人格健全的孩子。故选择D。A选项，没有保护型教养方式，故排除。B选项，权威型教养方式的父母在子女教育中表现得过于支配，孩子的一切都由父母来控制，表现得消极、被动、缺乏安全感、退缩、服从、胆怯，甚至会形成不诚实的人格。C选项，放纵型教养方式的父母对孩子过于溺爱，让孩子随心所欲，有时会失控。孩子表现为任性、幼稚、自私、野蛮、唯我独尊等。

[单选题]在小学教育实践中，真正具体实现班级学生全面、和谐发展教育目标的执行者是( )。

班主任

解析：班主任在学校教育中，是实现班级学生全面、和谐发展教育目标的具体执行者。其他选项并不是该教育目标的具体执行者。

[单选题]Which of the following practices is most likely to encourage students' cooperation in learning?

Doing a project

解析：题意是下列哪种练习最有可能培养学生在学习中的合作精神?A项“完成项目”，B项“听写”，C项“考试”，D项“抄写课文”。根据题意，在完成项目时需要多方合作，这最有可能培养学生的合作精神。故选择A。

[单选题] According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the fanuly, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce eonsistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group's members. Expressive leaders are less concemed with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others tasks and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group's goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.

Which of the following statements about leadership can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group.

解析：1.主旨题。文章主要讲述不同的领导者(如instrumental leaders以及expressive leaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确答案。选项A、B、C都不能正确概括本文主旨。 2.细节题。短文第一段指出了成为领导者的不同方式：traditional cultural patterns， election or recruitment.选项C在文中并没有提及。故选C。 3.推断题。短文第二段指出“It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common.”即似乎并不是所有的领导者都有同样的个人素质。由此可推断出某一个团队的优秀领导可能并不适合另外的团队。故选项A正确。 4.细节题。由题干可定位至第二段“…decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of‘natural leaders’”，即近几十年的研究发现并没有哪一类人是“天生的领导”。故选项B正确。 5.细节题。短文最后两段主要讲述了两种领导：指导型领导和表达型领导，并指出了他们的不同点。由“Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group”和“Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group”可知指导型领导重视团队任务的完成，关心团队目标，而表达型领导却不是这样。故选项D正确。