正确答案: A

father

题目：In componential analysis,_______may be shown as PARENT (x,y) & MALE (x).

解析：本题考查语义成分分析。根据语义成分分析法，像father,mother,son和daughter这样包含了一种两实体间关系的词，可表示为：father =.PARENT(x，y)&MALE (x)；mother= PARENT(x，y)&～MALE (x); son= CHIld(x,y)&MALE (x); daughter=CHIld(x,y)&—MALE (X)。PARENT (x,y)&MALE (x)的意思是x是y的父母，并且x是男性，故本题选A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]在PowerPoint中，建一个演示文档的第一张幻灯片的默认版式是( )。

标题幻灯片

解析：在PowerPoint中新建一个演示文稿时第一张默认的是标题幻灯片。故选择C。

[单选题]20世纪40年代，美国著名社会心理学家( )和他的学生进行了一项关于集体气氛的研究。

勒温

解析：早在20世纪40年代，美国著名的社会心理学家勒温进行了一项关于集体气氛的研究。在这项研究中，他们把被试者分成3组，每组各派1名成年人，分别行使专制、民主、放任3种类型的领导。故选择B。A选项，罗森塔尔效应认为教师的期望或明或暗地被传送给学生，学生会按照教师所期望的方向来塑造自己的行为。

[单选题]下列选项中，对民族乐器二胡的归类正确的是( )。

拉弦乐器

解析：二胡是拉弦乐器，代表曲目华彦钧的《二泉映月》、刘天华的《月夜》等。故选择C。弹拨乐器主要有：七弦琴、琵琶、扬琴等。吹奏乐器主要有：笛、箫、笙等。打击乐器主要有：鼓、锣等。

[单选题]某学生做了一件好事，老师在全班同学面前表扬他。该老师运用的是( )。

观察学习理论

解析：班杜拉的观察学习理论强调观察学习是行为获得的基本学习方法。个体通过观察学习、榜样示范和自我效能获得道德行为，提升道德品质。

[单选题] Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors.It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary.Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the1980s and1990s (a modern example is Caki No Tsukai), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term"reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations.For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales.Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name"reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre.In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The ReaL World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out.Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts.Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word"reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories.It really is not reality TV.It really is unscripted drama."

Mark Burnett________.

thinks the term“reality television" is inaccurate

解析：1.it is claimed的意思是"据宣称"，即不是作者本人的言论，所以选项D更符合题意。 2.从文章第四段"Part of reality television′s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations."可知这种需求是因为能把普通人放置到不平凡的处境中，C项是该句的同义替换。 3.A、B选项说法太笼统，只有D选项在文章最后一段出现。 4.从文章第四段"Reality television also has the potential to turn its paIticipants into national celebrities,outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol,though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity."可知选B. 5.从文章最后一段"Mark Burnett，creator of Survivor and other reality shows，has agreed with this assessment，and avoids the word'reality' to describe his shows"可知Mark Burnett也认为称它为"reality television"是不准确的，并且避免用reality这个词汇。

[单选题]In writing,which step is used to get students to think freely and put down all possible ideas 　　related to the todic that come to their minds?

Brainstorming.

解析：本题考查写作教学。在“头脑风暴”阶段，学生可以自由畅想跟话题有关的观点，并记下来。故本题选C。

[多选题]学习迁移就是训练迁移。( )

[单选题]下列哪个现象反映的是视觉适应？( )

值夜班的消防员佩戴红色眼镜在室内灯光下活动

解析：值夜班的消防员佩戴红色眼镜在室内灯光下活动，由于红光不能漂白棒体细胞的视色素，可加快眼镜的暗适应过程。故选择D。A选项，描述的是视觉对比，视觉对比是由光刺激在空间上的不同分布引起的视觉经验。可分成明暗对比与颜色对比两种。明暗对比是由光强在空间上的不同分布造成的。颜色也有对比效应，一个物体的颜色会受周围物体颜色的影响而发生色调的变化。例如，对比使物体的色调向着背景颜色的补色的方向变化。B选项，描述的是颜色恒常性，与视亮度相关。视亮度是由物体表面反射系数所决定的，与物体的照度无关。物体表面反射率高，显得白，反之显黑。所以不论是强烈日光或者是昏暗灯光，白纸看上去总是白的。C选项，描述的是闪光融合，即断续的闪光由于频率增加，会得到融合的感觉。刚刚能引起融合感觉的刺激的最小频率是闪光融合频率。闪光融合频率依赖许多条件。当刺激强度降低时，临界频率低；随着刺激强度的上升，临界频率明显上升。

[单选题]"稳重而富有毅力，但往往又表现出缓慢与固执"属于抑郁质。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：黏液质的人稳重，但灵活性不足；踏实，但有些死板；沉着冷静，但缺乏生气。