正确答案: C

申诉和诉讼

题目：学生赵某上课玩手机，被班主任以代为保管的名义没收，赵某多次索要未果，对此，他可以争取的法律救济途径是( )。

解析：《中华人民共和国教育法》第四十三条规定：受教育者有权对学校给予的处分不服向有关部门提出申诉，对学校、教师侵犯其人身权，财产权等合法权益，提出申诉或者提起诉讼。赵某手机被没收，是班主任侵犯了该学生的财产权，所以他可以采取的法律救济途径是申诉或诉讼。故选择C。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]一般认为，态度与品德形成过程经历三个阶段：依从、认同和( )。

内化

解析：态度与品德形成过程经历了依从、认同和内化三个阶段。

[单选题]If a teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with "that", "which" or "whom", he/she is least likely focusing on grammar at ________.

morphological level

解析：本题考查语法教学内容如果老师让学生用“that”，“which”or“whom”填空，那么他／她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面？D形态学层面，研究词是如何由意义的基本单位词素构成的，研究词缀，不体现。综上，D选项正确。A词汇层面，该教师让学生选择关系代词填空，目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式、意义和运用。B选项，句法层面，用在定语从句中，针对句法。老师可能更关注语法的句法层面。关注词汇的意义又关注词汇的句法意义。句法层面研究词是如何组合成正确的句子，词在句子中的语法。C语篇层面，语法教学内容不仅包括语言形式／结构，还包括语义和语用。语言形式／结构包括词法、句法等；语意包括语法形式与结构的意义；语用指语言在一定的语境、语篇中的表意功能。故选择D。

[单选题]Passage 1 In the field of psychology, there's long been a certain haziness surrounding the definition of creativity, an I-know-it-when-I-see it attitude that has eluded a precise formulation. During our conversation, Beeman told me that he used to be reluctant to tell people what his area of study was, for fear of being dismissed or misunderstood. What, for instance, crosses your mind when you think of creativity?Well, we know that someone is creative if he produces new things or has new ideas. A choreographer, an artist, a writer, a scientist, or a mathematician with a novel discovery -these are the creatives, the people who bring something new into the world. And yet, as John Kounios, a psychologist at Drexel University who collaborates frequently with Beeman, points out, that view is wrong, or at least not entirely right. "Creativity is the process, not the product:' he says. To illustrate, Beeman offers an example. Imagine someone who has never used or seen a paperclip and is struggling to keep a bunch of papers together. Then the person comes up with a new way of bending a stiff wire to hold the papers in place. "That was very creative:' Beeman says. On the flip side, if someone works in a new field-Beeman gives the example of nanotechnology-anything that he produces may be considered inherently "creative." But was the act of producing it actually creative? As Beeman puts it, "Not all artists are creative. And some accountants are very creative." Insight, however, has proved less difficult to define and to study. Because it arrives at a specific moment in time, you can isolate it,examine it, and analyze its characteristics."Insight is only one part of creativity:'Beeman says. "But we can measure it. We have a temporal marker that something just happened in the brain. l'd never say that's all of creativity, but it's a central, identifiable component." When scientists examine insight in the lab, they are looking at what types of attention and thought processes lead to that moment of synthesis. If you are trying to facilitate a breakthrough, are there methods you can use that help? If you feel stuck on a problem, are there tricks to get you through? In a recent study, Beeman and Kounios followed people's gazes as they attempted to solve what's called the remote-associates test, in which the subject is given a series of words, like "pine:' "crab:' and "sauce:' and has to think of a single word that can logically be paired with all of them. They wanted to see if the direction of a person's eyes and her rate of blinking could shed light on her approach and on her likelihood of success. It turned out that if the subject looked directly at a word and focussed on it-that is, blinked less frequently, signalling a higher degree of close attention-she was more likely to be thinking in an analytical, convergent fashion, going through possibilities that made sense and systematically discarding those that didn't. If she looked at "pine:' say, she might be thinking of words like "tree:' "cone:' and "needle:' then testing each option to see if it fit with the other words. When the subject stopped looking at any specific word, either by moving her eyes or by blinking, she was more likely to think of broader, more abstract associations. That is a more insight-oriented approach. "You need to learn not just to stare but to look outside your focus:' Beeman says.(The solution to this remote-associates test."apple.") As it turns out, by simply following someone's eyes and measuring her blinks and fixation times (how long she looks at something before either looking away or closing her eyes), Beeman's group can predict how someone will likely solve a problem and when she is nearing that solution. That's an important consideration for would-be creative minds. it helps us understand how distinct patterns of attention may contribute to certain kinds of insights.

Based on the experiment, which of the following may signal that the subject is nearing the solution?

The subject is distracted from the given words

解析：根据原文”When the subject stopped looking at any specific word, either by moving her eyes or by blinking, she was more likely to think of broader. more abstract associations.”当实验主体通过转动眼睛或眨眼，不再聚焦某一特定词语，他联想的词语可能更抽象，范围也更广。也就是说当实验主体转移注意力，不再聚焦在某一特定词语时，可以预测他解决问题的可能性以及何时能得出正确答案，故选择C。考点延伸：looks away at something else“看向别处”。

[单选题] The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives. The most widespread fallacy of all is that colds caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by conung into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors (止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.

Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.

they are coming into touch again with the outside world

解析：1.细节题。文章第二段说到，对于感冒，最普遍的谬论是感冒是由寒冷引起的，后面说感冒是由人与人之间传播的病毒导致的，“If cold causes colds，it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.”可推断作者的意思是，如果寒冷可以造成感冒，那一直忍受寒冷的爱斯基摩人一定会一直都在感冒。即用这个例子验证寒冷不会引起感冒，感冒是由病毒的传播所导致。故选B。 2.细节题。爱斯基摩人不会一直感冒，而且感冒不是由寒冷引起的，故A、B与文章相符。文章第二段提到生活在北极圈与世隔绝的人们一直都不会得感冒，直到他们与感染了感冒病毒的人接触。故可知D与文章相符。对于C，作者在倒数第二段中说冬天感冒人多的原因是冬天人们更愿意一起待在屋里，这样感冒病毒很容易在人与人之间传播，而单纯地待在屋里不会得感冒，故C错误。 3.细节题。根据第二段结尾，“And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.”可知他们只会在与外界感染感冒的人相接触时才会被感染。故选D。 4.细节题。根据文章第四段的描述，这些志愿者在洗完热水澡后，穿上泳衣，在自己身上浇凉水，然后站在通风的房间里，还有些人穿着湿袜子，站在雨中，以检测他们会不会得感冒。结果证明所有人都没有得感冒，直到他们接触了病毒。故B、C、D错误，只有A正确。 5.主旨题。通读文章，作者一直在谈人们为什么会得感冒和得感冒的途径，故C正确。A只说到了实验，不全面。B和D文章没有提及。

[单选题]"Can / borrow your bikel"________" You have a bike."

presupposes

解析：本题考查句子之间的涵义关系。A项是同义关系；B项是不一致关系；C项是蕴涵，指的是一个命题意义包含在另一个命题意义中。例如，“他去了法国”蕴涵“他去了欧洲”。D项是预设，指的是一个命题以另一个命题为前提条件的意义关系，例如，“玛丽的自行车需要修理”预设“玛丽有一辆自行车”。本题题干说的是“我能借你自行车吗”以及“你有一辆自行车”，通过分析可知是预设关系，故本题选D。

[单选题]17岁的高中生蒋某涉嫌犯罪被采取刑事强制措施，案件尚在审理阶段，所在学校以此为由取消了其学籍。该校做法

不合法，判决生效前学校不得取消江某学籍

解析：《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》第四十四条【刑事责任追究原则和方针】规定，对犯罪的未成年人追究刑事责任，实行教育、感化、挽救方针，坚持教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则。司法机关办理未成年人犯罪案件，应当保障未成年人行使其诉讼权利，保障未成年人得到法律帮助，并根据未成年人的生理、心理特点和犯罪的情况，有针对性地进行法制教育。对于被采取刑事强制措施的未成年学生，在人民法院的判决生效以前，不得取消其学籍。