正确答案: B

爱岗敬业

题目：校长常常给新老师讲：只要你还能站着，就要挺直腰板上完45分钟的课，只要你还能张开嘴，就要让最后一排的学生听见你的谆谆教导，这样才配的上人类灵魂的工程师啊！这句话表明，作为一名人民教师，应当做到()。

解析：《中小学教师职业道德规范》（2008年修订）"爱岗敬业"规定，爱岗敬业要求教师要对工作勤恳敬业，高度负责，不得敷衍塞责。材料中的校长要求教师要认真上课，体现了爱岗敬业的职业道德规范。故选择B。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]《中华人民共和国义务教育法》规定："指导学生的学习和发展，评定学生的品行和学业成绩"是教师的特定( )。

权利

解析：《中华人民共和国教师法》第七条第三款规定，教师有"指导学生的学习和发展，评定学生的品行和学业成绩"的权利。故选择B。

[单选题]Exce12003中，在单元格中输入文字时，缺省的对齐方式是：( )。

左对齐

解析：所谓的缺省对齐方式就是默认的对齐方式。文本型数据默认是左对齐。故选择A。数值型数据在单元格中默认靠右对齐，并按常规方式显示。

[单选题]要求学生"尽可能多地列举出报纸的用途"，学生给出"学习用""包东西"等各种各样的答案，这里考查的是创造性思维的( )。

灵活性

解析：灵活性指个人面对问题情境时，不墨守成规，不钻牛角尖，能随机应变，触类旁通。对同一问题所想出不同类型答案越多者，变通性越高。

[单选题]学习动机有高尚和低级之分，其划分标准是学习动机的( )。

社会意义

解析：根据学习动机内容的社会意义，学习动机可以分为高尚的动机与低级的动机。

[单选题]美国学者波斯纳提出的教师成长公式是( )。

教师成长=经验+反思

解析：美国学者波斯纳提出的教师成长公式是：教师成长=经验+反思。

[单选题] Plants and animals that have been studied carefully seem to have built-in clocks.These biological clocks, as they are called, usually are not quite exact in measuring time.However, they work pretty well because they are "reset" each day, when the sun comes up. Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find directions from the sun?We can keep pigeons in a room lit only by lamps.And we can program the lighting to produce artificial "days", different from the day outside.After a while we have shifted their clocks.Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day.Most of them start out as if they know just which way to go, but choose a wrong direction.They have picked a direction that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks. It is known and experimented that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun.But what happens when the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is?Then the pigeons still find their way home.The same experiment has been repeated many times on sunny days and the result was always the same.But on very overcast days clock-shifted pigeons are just as good as normal pigeons in starting out in the right directions.So it seems that pigeons also have some extra sense of direction to use when they cannot see the sun. Naturally, people have wondered whether pigeons might have a built-in compass-something that would tell them about the directions of the earth′s magnetic field.One way to test that idea would be to see if a pigeon′s sense of direction can be fooled by a magnet attached to its back. With a strong magnet close by, a compass can no longer tell direction. To test the idea, a group of ten pigeons had strong little magnet bars attached to their backs. Another group carried brass bars instead which were not magnetic.In a number of experiments, both groups were taken away from home and let go.On sunny days none of the magnet-pigeons was fooled.They were just as good as the brass-pigeons in starting out in the right direction toward home.On cloudy, overcast days, however, with no sun the brass-pigeons chose the right direction, but the magnet-pigeons were in trouble.They later started out in different directions and acted completely lost.

Which of the following can best describe the organization of the passage?

Questions are raised first and then experiments to answer them are cited.

解析：1.根据第一段中的"However，they work pretty well because they are"reset"each day，when the sun comes up."与第二段的实验可推知B项正确。 2.根据第二段中"And we can program the lighting to produce artificial"days"，different from the day outside.After a while we have shifted their clocks."可以得知D项正确。 3.根据文中研究太阳和地球磁场对鸽子生物钟影响的实验可知，二者都能帮助鸽子辨别方向。因此C项正确。 4.文章中以"Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find directions from the sun?"提出问题，然后通过实验来解答问题。即采用了提出问题一解答问题的模式，因此A项正确。 5.根据文章尾段的最后一个实验可知，在晴天的时候，两组鸽子都能准确辨别方向，因此鸽子在晴天是根据太阳辨别方向，跟磁场无关；在阴天时，背上无磁性铜棒的鸽子才能正确辨别方向，背上有磁棒的鸽子则不能，因此在阴天鸽子根据磁场辨别方向。综上可知，作者意在说明鸽子在不同的天气用不同的方法辨别方向。因此B项正确。