正确答案: C

Accept.

题目：21.请阅读Passage 1，完成第1～5小题。 　　Passage 1 　　In recent years,however,society has come to understand the limitations of schools that merelysort and rank students.We have discovered that students in the bottom one-third to one-half of therank order-plus all who drop out before being ranked-fail to develop the foundational reading,writing,and mathematical proficiencies needed to survive in,let alone contribute to,an increasingly technically complex and ethnically diverse culture.So today,in asking schools to leave no childbehind,society is asking that educators raise up the bottom of the rank-order distribution to aspecified level of competence.We call those expectations our“academic achievement standards”.Every state has them,and,as a matter of public policy,schools are to be held accountable formaking sure that all students meet them. 　　To be clear,the mission of sorting has not been eliminated from the schooling process.Forthe foreseeable future,students will still be ranked at the end of high school.However,society nowdictates that such a celebration of differences in amount learned must start at a certain minimumlevel of achievement for all. 　　The implications of this change in mission for the role of assessment are profound.Assessmentand grading procedures designed to permit only a few students to succeed (those at the top of therank-order distribution) must now be revised to permit the possibility that all students could succeedat some appropriate level.Furthermore,procedures that pennitted (perhaps even encouraged) somestudents to give up in hopelessness and to stop trying must now be replaced by others that promotehope and continuous effort.In short,the entire emotional environment surrounding the prospect ofbeing evaluated must change,especially for perennial low achievers. 　　The students' mission is no longer merely to beat other students in the achievement race,At least part of their goal must be to become competent.teachers must believe that all studentscan achieve a certain level of academic success,must bring all of their students to believe thISOf themselves,must “accommodate” the fact that students learn at different rates by making use of differentiated instruction,and must guide all students toward the attainment of standards. 　　The driving dynamic force for students cannot merely be competition for an artificialscarcity of success.Because all students can and must succeed in meeting standards,cooperationand collaboration must come into play.The driving forces must be confidence,optimism,andpersistence-for all,not just for some.All students must come to believe that they can succeedat learning if they try.They must have continuous access to evidence of what they believe to be credible academic success,however small.This new understanding has spawned increased interestin formative assessment in recent years.

解析：词汇题。根据关键词定位到文章倒数第二段的最后一句，该句包含四个小分句，采用了平行结构“must+v.”。此处accommodate有“承认，接受”的意思。当它表示“（使）适应”时常用的搭配为accommodate (sb.) to sth.。故本题选C。

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[单选题]在人类历史上，最早出现专门论述教育问题的著作是( )。

《学记》

解析：《学记》不仅是中国古代也是世界上最早的一篇专门论述教育、教学问题的论著。故选择A。B项，昆体良的《论演说家的培养》也称《雄辩术原理》是西方第一本教育专著。C项，《论语》是"四书"（四书又称为四子书，是指《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》）之一，主要反映孔子的教育思想。除了教育思想外，还有相关的政治、道德、文化思想。D项，柏拉图的《理想国》阐明人类要从现实世界走向理念世界，非常重要就是通过教育。柏拉图是"寓学习于游戏"的最早提倡者。

[单选题]小郑、小刘老师是某学校的数学老师，平时两人都很努力，也喜欢暗暗较劲。学校举办的青年教师说课比赛，小郑和小刘老师都有参加，但赛前两位老师既无教学的交流，也无比赛想法的讨论，最后遗憾双双出局。关于小郑和小刘老师的做法，下列说法合理的是( )。

违背了教师间的合作理念

解析：新课程改革背景下的教师观强调，教师之间要加强合作。题目中两位老师为了竞争而暗暗较劲，违背了教师之间的合作理念。故选择D。