正确答案:

题目：请谈谈教师在任务型口语教学中的各种角色及充当不同角色所应发挥的作用。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]苏联学者加里培林提出智力技能按阶段形成，即( )、物质或物质化动作阶段、出声的外部言语动作阶段、无声的外部言语阶段、内部言语活动阶阶。

动作的定向阶段

解析：苏联学者加里培林将心智动作的形成分为五个阶段：动作的定向阶段、物质或物质化动作阶段、出声的外部言语动作阶段、无声的外部言语阶段和内部言语活动阶段。

[多选题]教育的个体功能与社会功能是背道而驰的，强调教育的个体功能会削弱教育的社会功能。( )

解析：教育的个体功能和社会功能的关系是辩证统一的。教育的个体功能是教育的社会功能衍生的前提和基础：教育的社会功能对教育的个体功能发挥具有制约作用。

[单选题]当学生缺少学习兴趣时，学习就会成为学生的沉重负担。这启示教师应该( )。

了解学生特点，因势利导

解析：新课改背景下的教师观强调，教师是学生学习的引导者。当学生缺少学习兴趣时，学习就会成为学生的沉重负担。教师应该积极主动的了解学生，并顺势进行引导，不能让学习成为学生的沉重负担。故选择C。

[单选题]教育的基本着眼点是( )。

人的发展

解析：教育在解决人的发展与社会发展的矛盾的过程中，基本着眼点是人的发展。

[单选题] New research has found that those who work 11 hour days or more increase their chance of a heart attack by two thirds. If you're about to embark on your usual 12-hour day at the office, you might want to pause a while-a few hours, actually. A study has found that those who spend more than 11 hours at work increase their chance of having a heart attack by two thirds. The team from University College London looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall over a period of 11 years and established how many hours they worked on average a day. They also collected information including the condition of their heart from medical records and health checks. Over the period, a total of 192 had suffered a heart attack. Then the study was published in the joumal Annals of Internal Medicine, reporting that those who worked more than 11 hours a day were 67 percent more likely to have one than those who had a "nine to five" job. Professor Mika Kivimki, who led the study, said:"We have shown that working long days is associated with a remarkable increase in risk of heart disease. Considering that including a measurement of working hours in a GP interview is so simple and useful, our research presents a strong case that it should become standard practice. This new information should help improve decisions regarding medication for heart disease." "It could also be a wake-up call for people who over-work themselves, especially if they already have other risk factors," Professor Kivimki added. Around 2.6 million Britons have heart disease, where the organ's blood supply is blocked by the build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries (冠状动脉). It is the nation's biggest killer, claiming 101,000 lives in this country every year. Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked; if the blood supply is not restored, the section of the heart being supplied by the artery will die.

The Passage mainly discusses ________.

long time working increases the risk of heart disease

解析：1.细节题。在第二段中，作者先后提到了观察、数据采集、医学检查等，而questionnaire 不包括在研究范围中，故选D。 2.细节题。在第二段中，作者说到，“the study was published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine”，与A相反。“the team from University College London looked at more than 7,000 civil servants working in Whitehall”，B中，实验不是在这里做的，而是来自这里的研究员做的。由“looked at more than 7，000 civil servants working in Whitehall over a period of 11 years”，可知是研究员观察这些公务员11年，而不是公务员在白宫工作了11年，D错误。故选C。 3.细节题。由第三段“Considering that including a measurement of working hours in a GP interview is so simple and useful, our research presents a strong case that it should become standard practice.”可知教授对于这个研究非常自信。故A错误。C、D在文中没有提及。由“This new information should help improve decisions regarding medication for heart disease，”可知这项研究可为今后心脏病的治疗提供依据，故B正确。 4.细节题。由“the organ's blood supply is blocked by the build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries”“Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked; if the blood supply is not restored，the section of the heart being supplied by the artery will die.”可知脂肪沉积物会堵塞血管，而心脏病发作时，冠状血管被完全堵住，如果血液供给不能恢复，这段血管所供给的心脏就会死去。故A、B、D正确。而C中的逻辑和文中不同，其所说的“一旦恢复供血，这段心脏会继续工作”的说法文中没有提及。 5.主旨题。文中作者首先介绍了一项关于工作与心脏病的研究，包括研究的背景、方法、过程和结果。而后在文章最后一段，作者介绍现在心脏病发病的情况和心脏病发作的原理。这些研究都在证实一个事实，即：长时间的工作增加患心脏病的风险。故A、B、C的描述都不全面。只有D，“长时间工作增加心脏病发病率”最全面，是文章主要讨论的内容，故为本题答案。