[单选题]万老师教学很认真，经常辛辛苦苦从上课讲到下课，嗓门特别大，被同事戏称为"全天候广播员"，可教学效果一直不好，万老师需要反思的是( )。

正确答案 ：B

教学方式

解析：教学方式是指教师在要求学生获取知识，提高能力，获取学习方法的过程中所采用的方式。包括谈话式、谈论式、归纳式讲授式、重难点讲授法、实践活动式等。教师努力教学效果不佳，最有可能的原因就是方式问题，故选择B。A选项，王老师"教学很认真，经常辛辛苦苦"，说明教学态度没有问题，排除A。C选项，教学目的（教学目标）是教育者在教育教学的过程中，在完成某一阶段（如一节课、一个单元或一个学期）工作时，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的预期变化。题干没有明确显示教师的预期或要求不合理，排除C。D选项，教学条件主要指教学的物质和社会环境，题干没有明确显示条件简陋等环境问题，故排除D。

[单选题]学生最重要的权利是( )。

正确答案 ：D

受教育权

解析：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第三条规定，未成年人享有受教育权，国家、社会、学校和家庭尊重和保障未成年人的受教育权。学生最重要的权利是受教育权。学生的受教育权包括受完法定年限教育权、学习权和公正评价权。故选择D。

[单选题]一个国家教育经费投入的多少最终取决于( )。

正确答案 ：C

生产力水平

解析：生产力对教育有制约作用，主要体现在：生产力水平决定了教育发展的水平，生产力水平决定教育的规模和速度，生产力水平制约教育体制、结构的变化，生产力水平制约着教育的内容和手段。

[单选题]通过对狗鼻子构造的分析，发明出比狗鼻子更灵敏的电子嗅觉器。这是( )对问题解央的影响。

正确答案 ：D

原型启发

解析：原型启发是指从其他事物或现象中获得的信息对解决当前问题的启发。

[单选题] After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 am on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren't resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations, The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

The author's main purpose in writing the Passage is to ________.

正确答案 ：D

report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildings

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第三段第二句“…changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.”可知是因为建筑法规在20年内的改变，使地震中的伤亡人数相对不高。故选项D正确。 2.细节题。根据短文第五段最后一句“When the ground shakes and the building tips forward，the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.”可知当地面晃动，建筑物向前倾斜时，电脑会迫使它向相反的方向改变，从而保持平衡。故选项A正确。 3.细节题。文章最后一段指出“The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However，they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.”可知这种新型的智能结构虽然昂贵但是很值得建造。选项A、C文中没有提到，选项D的表述与原文不一致．故选项B正确。 4.推断题。根据短文第五段可知，过去人们认为建筑材料对减少地震损失很重要，但那是以前的方法，排除选项A、B。而现在重点强调的办法是减少地面震动。选项D文章没有提及，故选C。 5.主旨题。纵观短文可看出作者是通过描述发生在洛杉矶的地震来指出抗震技术的提高。选项A是说地震结果的比较，不是文章重点，选项B、C与原文表述不符，故选项D正确。

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