正确答案: D

不正确，侵犯了学生的隐私权

题目：初二班主任李某将全班学生的期末考试成绩排名张贴在教室里，其做法( )。

解析：《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》第三十九条规定：任何组织或者个人不得披露未成年人的个人隐私。学生的考试成绩排名是个人隐私，公开公布成绩就是侵犯了学生的隐私权，故选择D。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]古人云："君子处其实，不处其华；治其内，不治其外。"这句话提示教师在教学过程中应该重视( )。

学生的人格养成

解析：素质教育观的内涵：培养学生德、智、体、美等全面发展的教育。题干的意思是，务实有修养有名望的人务求实际，而不图外表好看；致务于自身的修养锻炼，而不计较自身以外之物。强调培养学生品格修养的重要性，全面发展的重要性，故选择C项。

[单选题]在中国浩瀚的史学著作中，有两本史书如同突兀的双峰，并峙于历史峻岭之中，被誉为"史学双壁"，它们分别是( )。

《史记》《资治通鉴》

解析："史学双壁"分别指的是司马迁-《史记》"史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚"；司马光-《资治通鉴》"以史为鉴，议古论今，天下之兴亡鉴于历"。故选择B。

[单选题]张、王、李、赵四人的职业分别是画家、武术家、医生、运动员。已知：(1)张比武术家个子高；(2)李比王个子矮；(3)运动员比画家个子高；(4)医生比武术家个子矮；(5)运动员不是赵就是李。根据以上信息可以推知( )。

四个人的职业都可以确定

解析：这是一道顺序对应问题。由(1)(4)可知，张比武术家高，武术家比医生高，即张不是武术家也不是医生；又由(5)可知，张不是运动员。所以张是画家。由此，再结合(3)，可知，身高从高到低的顺序是：运动员、画家（张）、武术家、医生。又根据(2)，可以知道李肯定不是运动员，由(5)可得，赵是运动员。则李是医生，王是武术家。这样四个人的职业都可以确定，故选择A项。

[单选题]明确提出较学永远具有教育性"的教育家是( )。

赫尔巴特

解析：赫尔巴特说过："我想不到有任何无教学的教育，正如在相反方面，我不承认有任何无教育的教学"，因而他提出了教育性教学原则"。

[单选题]"教育的目的在于使个人能够继续他们的教育，或者说，学习的目的和报酬，是继续不断的生长能力。"持这种观点的人，在教育目的上主张( )。

教育适应生活说

解析：斯宾塞提出了教育准备生活说，也称为教育预备说。他认为教育应当教导一个人怎样生活，使他获得生活所需要的各种科学知识，为完满的生活做好准备。杜威反对斯宾塞提出的为完满生活做准备的教育观，提出了"教育即生活"，教育就是生活的过程，教育要适应生活，主张"教育适应生活说"，题干所述即为此观点：教育改造生活是陶行知的观点。

[单选题]鲁班看到荷叶而发明了雨伞，这种创造活动的心理影响机制是( )。

原型启发

解析：原型启发是指从其他事物或现象中获得的信息对解决当前问题的启发。

[单选题]专家和新手在解决问题上的差异，说明决定人的知觉模式的关键因素是专门知识的水平。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：专家和新手在解决问题上最根本的差异是专业知识方面。这不仅在于他们所拥有的知识量，而且在于他们对知识的组织。由此说明了决定人的知觉模式的关键因素是专业知识的水平。

[单选题]Many animals communicate with special calls which have corresponding meanings but cannot be further divided into elements, so animals′calls cannot be called language.This reflects that language has the feature of_______.

duality

解析：考查语言的结构特征。动物的叫声不能称为语言，原因之一就是它们的叫声无法分解成更小的语言单位，这体现了语言的二重性，故选A。

[单选题] One of the most contentious issues in the vast literature about alcohol consumption has been the consistent finding that those who don't drink tend to die sooner than those who do. The standard Alcoholics Anonymous (匿名戒酒互助会) explanation for this finding is that many of those who show up as abstainers (戒酒者) in such research are actually former hard-core drunks who had already incurred health problems associated with drinking. But a new paper in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research suggests that-for reasons that aren't entirely clear-abstaining from alcohol does tend to increase one's risk of dying, even when you exclude former problem drinkers. The most shocking part is abstainers' mortality rates are higher than those of heavy drinkers. Moderate drinking, which is defined as one to three drinks per day, is associated with the lowest mortality rates in alcohol studies. Moderate alcohol use (especially when the beverage of choice is red wine) is thought to improve heart health. But why would abstaining from alcohol lead to a shorter life? It's true that those who abstain from alcohol tend to be from lower socioeconomic classes, since drinking can be expensive. And people of lower socioecononuc status have more life stressors-job and child-care worries that might not only keep them from the bottle but also cause stress-related illness over long periods.(They also don't get the stress-reducing benefits of a drink or two after work.) But even after controlling for nearly all imaginable variables-socioeconomic status, level of physical activity, number of close friends, quality of social support and so on-the researchers .(a six-member team led by psychologist Charles Holahan of the University of Texas at Austin) found that over a 20-year period, mortality rates were highest for those who were not current drinkers, regardless of whether they used to be alcoholics, second highest for heavy drinkers and lowest for moderate drinkers.

According to the research over a 20-year period, what kind of people has the highest mortality rates?

Those who didn't drink during that period.

解析：1.细节题。短文第一段第二句指出“…many of those who show up as abstainers in such research are actually former hard-core drunks who had already incurred health problems associated with drinking.”即匿名戒酒互助会对之前发现的解释是，参与这种调查的非饮酒者往往之前是严重酗酒者，并出现了健康问题。由此可知对上文发现持否定态度。故选A。 2.细节题。短文第二段最后一句指出“…abstainers' mortality rates are higher than those of heavy drinkers”即戒酒者的死亡率高于酗酒者。故答案D正确。 3.细节题。根据短文第三段第一句“Moderate drinking，which is defined as one to three drinks per day.”可判断出答案为A。 4.细节题。根据短文第四段表述可知：喝酒花费很高，不喝酒的人来自较低的社会经济阶层，背负着沉重的社会压力，而多种压力会危害身体健康。因此选B。 5.细节题。短文最后一句指出研究发现“…over a 20-year period，mortality rates were highest for those who were not current drinkers, regardless of whether they used to be alcoholics, second highest for heavy drinkers and lo west for moderate drinkers”即在20年的时间中，死亡率最高的是在这20年中不喝酒的人(不管他们之前是否喝酒)，第二高的是酗酒者，最低的是那些适度饮酒者。由此可知，答案为B。