正确答案: A

因势利导，鼓励学生课后探究

题目：在一堂数学课上，同学们就其中延伸出来的一个新概念发生激烈争论，各执己见。此时，老师应采取的合理措施是( )。

解析：教师劳动具有创造性，在工作中因材施教，教学方法上的不断更新，拥有"教育机智"。题干描述体现了的教育机智，在学生发生争论时候，教师利用自身的教育机智，妥善处理课堂中的突发事件。故选择A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列作品中，被认为是刺激1850年代废奴主义兴起的一大原因，对于美国奴隶制度的观点曾产生过意义深远影响的作品是( )。

《汤姆叔叔的小屋》

解析：《汤姆大伯的小屋》是美国作家哈里特·比彻·斯托（斯托夫人）于1852年发表的一部反奴隶制小说。这部小说中关于非裔美国人与美国奴隶制度的观点曾产生过意义深远的影响，并在某种程度上激化了导致美国内战的地区局部冲突。故选择C。A选项，《忏悔录》有三部，作者分别是奥古斯丁、卢梭、托尔斯泰。B选项，《战地钟声》又称《丧钟为谁而呜》，作者海明威。海明威的其它作品有长篇小说《太阳照样升起》（被称为"迷惘的一代"的宣言书）、《永别了，武器》，中篇小说《老人与海》等。D选项，《百年孤独》作者马尔克斯，其作品还有《霍乱时期的爱情》。

[单选题]现代教育学派的代表人物是( )。

杜威

解析：杜威是实用主义哲学创始人、现代教育代表人物。作品有《民主主义与教育》。主要考点包括提出三中心论一一"儿童中心（学生中心）"、"经验中心"、"活动中心"：教育的本质一一教育即生活、教育即生长、教育即经验的改组或改造、学校即社会：强调做中学：强调五步教学法。故选择B。A项，古罗马的昆体良的《论演说家教育》（又称《雄辩术原理》），是西方最早的教育著作，也是世界上第一部研究教学法的书。在这一著作中昆体良将学习过程概括为"模仿一理论一练习"三阶段。C项，赞可夫，苏联教育家，作品《教学与发展》。赞可夫提出了发展性教学理论的五条教学原则，即高难度、高速度、理论知识起主导作用、理解学习过程、使所有学生包括差生都得到发展的原则。D项，赫尔巴特是现代教育之父，也是传统教育代表人。他的《普通教育学》，标志着教育学科学化和规范化。他提出"四阶段教学"理论一一清楚、联想、系统和方法：由他的学生齐勒修改为预备、提示、比较、总括、应用五段，称"五段教学法"。提出三中心论一一教师中心、教材中心、课堂中心：将伦理学和心理学作为教育学的理论基础：提出教育性教学原则一一德育与教学相结合：教育目的一一社会本位论，培养良好社会公民。

[单选题]个体身心发展的顺序性决定教育、教学工作应( )。

循序渐进

解析：个体身心发展的顺序性决定教学工作要循序渐进：身心发展的阶段性要求教育工作要有针对性：身心发展的个别差异性决定教育工作要因材施教：身心发展的不平衡性决定要抓住成熟期或关键期进行教育。

[单选题]以下( )不属于影响学制建立的因素。

本国教育资金投入的多少

解析：影响教育制度的因素有：(1)生产力发展水平和科学技术发展状况；(2)社会政治经济制度；(3)青少年儿童身心发展规律；(4)本国学制的历史发展和外国学制的影响。故选择C。

[单选题]以肌肉骨骼的活动实现的合乎法则的程序化、自动化和完善化的外部动作方式是( )。

操作技能

解析：动作技能又称操作技能、运动技能，是指通过一系列的外部动作以合理顺序组成的操作活动方式，是借助于肌肉、骨骼的动作及相应的神经系统活动来进行的。

[单选题]准备是指学习开始时的预备定势。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：准备是指学习者在学习开始时的预备定势。

[多选题]简述心理辅导的途径。

[单选题]Passage 1 　　Self-driving vehicles threaten to sendtruck drivers to the unemployment office.Computer programs can now write journalistic accounts of sporting events and stock pricemovements. There are even computers that can grade essay exams with reasonable accuracy, which could revolutionize my ownjoB.Increasingly, machines are providing notonly the brawn but the brains, too. And thatraises the question of where humans fit intothis picture---who will prosper and who won'tin this new kind of machine economy? 　　Within five years we are likely to have theworld's best education, or close to it, online and free. But not everyone will sit down andgo through the material without a professorpushing them to do the work. 　　Those who are motivated to use onlineresources will do much, much better in thegeneration to come. lt's already the case thatthe best students from India are at the topin many Coursera classes, putting America's arguably less motivated bright young peopleto shame. “Free” doesn't really help you if you don't make an effort. 　　Your smartphone will record data on yourlife and, when asked, will tell you what to do,drawing on data from your home or fromyour spouse and friends if need be.“You'vethrown out that bread the last three timesyou've bought it, give it a pass ”will be a textmessage of the future. How about “Now isnot the time to start another argument withyour wife”? The GPS is just the beginningof computer-guided instruction. Take yoursmartphone on a date, and it might vibrate inyour pocket to indicate“Kiss her now.”If youhesitate for fear of being seen as pushy, it maywrite:“Who cares if you look bad? You aresampling optimally in the quest for a lifetime companion.”Those who won't listen, or whorebel out of spite, will be missing out onglittering prizes. Those of us who listen, whileoften envied, may feel more like puppets with deflated pride. 　　A lot of jobs will consist of makingpeople feel either very good or very bad about themselves. Coaches, mentors and disciplinarians will spread to many areas oflife, at least for those of us who can stand tolisten to them. These people will cajole us,flatter us and shame us into improving ourlives, our work habits and our consumption.That's why so many people go to yoga classinstead of relying on the podcast. Managerswho are motivators of first-rate talent will seetheir earnings continue to rise. 　　Computing and software will make it easierto measure performance and productivity.It will be harder to gloss over our failings andmaintain self-deception. In essence, everyonewill suffer the fate of professional chessplayers, who will always know when they havelost a game, have an exact numerical ratingfor their overall performance, and find excusesfor failure hard to come by. 　　Individuals will have many measures oftheir proficiency.They will have an incentiveto disclose that information to get the betterjob or social opportunity. You will assume theworst about those who keep secrets, and soopenness will reign. Many of us will hate theidea of Big Data.

What makes the instructions sent bysmartphonesvaluable and reliable for peoplewhen doing things?

Information collected and elicited bysmartphones from your life

解析：根据第三段的第一句”Your Smart phone willrecord data on your life and,when asked, willtell you what to do, drawing on data from yourhome or from your spouse and friends if need be.”可知，智能手机通过记录你的生活数据，从而告诉你应当做什么，使得智能手机发送的指令是有价值、可靠的。故选择B。

[单选题]If a teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with “that” “which” or “whom”he/she is Ieast likely focusing on grammar at________.

morphological level

解析：本题考查语法教学内容。题干：如果教师让学生用that/which/whom进行填空，那么他／她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面？lexical level“词汇层面”，syntactic level“句法层面”，discourselevel“语篇层面”，morphological level“形态学层面”。语法教学的内容不仅包括语言形式／结构，还包括语意和语用。语言形式／结构包括词法、句法等；语意包括语法形式与结构的意义；语用指语言在一定的语境、语篇中的表意功能。该教师让学生选择关系代词填空，目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式、意义和运用。形态学是研究词的内部结构和构词规则的科学。故本题选D。