正确答案: C

连续两年教学业绩排在末位的

题目：下列选项中，不属于可以解聘教师的法定事由的是( )。

解析：《中华人民共和国教师法》第三十七条规定，教师有下列情形之一的，由所在学校、其他教育机构或者教育行政部门给予行政处分或者解聘：（一）故意不完成教育教学任务给教育教学工作造成损失的；（二）体罚学生，经教育不改的；（三）品行不良、侮辱学生，影响恶劣的。教学业绩排在末尾，如果没有明确证明是故意不完成教学任务导致大，不能成为解聘的理由。故选择C。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[多选题]下列关于洋务教育的说法中，正确的有( )。

"中学为体，西学为用"是洋务派核心的教育思想

洋务教育介绍西学，培养早期科技人才，客观上是有积极作用的

解析：洋务教育带有着半殖民地半封建性，具有封建性和买办性；以"中学为体，西学为用"为核心思想贯穿晚清的教育，虽然时间不长，但是却从客观上培养了一批科技人才。因此A、C项正确。中国半殖民地半封建的开端是第一次鸦片战争。因此B项错误。西学主要是指西政、西艺、西史。"西政"有"学校、地理、度支、赋税、武备、律历、劝工、通商"等，即西方各类具体的制度和行政管理措施："西艺"有"算、绘、矿、医、声、光、化、电"等，即西方各类科学技术："西史"即西方各国历史。因此D项错误。

[单选题]最早提出经典性条件作用的人是( )。

巴甫洛夫

解析：本题考查了行为主义理论的代表人物。其中，最早提出经典性条件作用论的是巴甫洛夫。故选择C。A选项，1903年美国教育学家桑代克发表了《教育心理学》一书，这是西方第一本以"教育心理学"命名的著作。桑代克因此也被称为"教育心理学之父"。B选项，斯金纳，新行为主义心理学家，提出操作性条件反射，系统论述了强化理论，提出了程序教学法。D选项，苛勒提出完形一顿悟说，他认为学习是个体利用本身的智慧与理解力对情境及情境与自身关系的顿悟，而不是动作的累积或盲目的尝试。

[单选题]为了便于学生记诵，教师经常要求学生多次重复背诵学习内容，这种学习策略属于( )。

复述策略

解析：复述策略是指在工作记忆中为了保持信息，运用内部语言在大脑中重现学习材料或刺激，以便将注意力维持在学习材料上的方法。

[单选题] As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the "middle class" and the "working class".(We shall ignore for a moment the old "upper class", including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers. The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of sireceived pronunciation" which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest bamers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called "public school" immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is "lunch" and they have a rather formal evening meal called "dinner", whereas the working man's dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper. As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. However, regardless of one's social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a laborer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word "sir", except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army, etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.

The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their ________.

accent

解析：1.细节题。短文第一段倒数第二句指出“The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds.”即中产阶级主要包括富有商人和各种专业人士。故选项 D正确。 2.细节题。第二段开头指出"The most obvious difference between them is in their accent.”可知他们最明显的区别是口音，故选项C正确。 3.细节题。最后一段最后两句提到“Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word‘sir’,except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army, etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.”由此可看出“sir”这个词听起来显得过于卑下，会引起尴尬和不悦，所以无法广为使用。故选项A正确。 4.细节题。第一段中间括号部分指出“…the old‘upper class’，including the hereditary aristocracy，since it is extremely small in numbers…”故选项C正确。 5.细节题。由“This is an embarrassing subject for English people”可知选项A符合文中表述；由“the class system is much less rigid than it was”可知选项C符合文中表述；由“But it still exists below the surface”可知选项D符合文中表述。而根据第三段第二句“Working-class students very commonly recelve a university education and enter the professions”可知出身工人阶级的学生也非常普遍地接受大学教育，选项B与文章不符，故选B。

[单选题] There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conveniences, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of wines, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convmced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequency puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

According to the author, the major reason to cause the difference between happy and unhappy people is ________.

that they look at things differently

解析：1.细节题。根据短文第一段最后一句“This arises from the different ways in which they consider things，persons，and events，and the resulting effects upon their minds.”可知正是由于看待事物、人和事件的方式存在差异，才导致了两种人的区别。故选项C正确。 2.细节题。短文第二段指出两种人的差别“The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the convemences of things"和“Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things”，由此可知两种人的区别在于关注点不同。故选项A正确。 3.细节题。“The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation”这句话的意思是：这种挑剔和让人厌烦的倾向起先可能是由于模仿造成的。故选项B正确。 4.词汇题。联系上下文，根据句意可知，condescend的意思应为“谦逊，屈尊”。故选D。 5.细节题。短文最后一段主要叙述unhappy people的情况。本段第一句指出“…it has serious consequences in life，since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.”故可知unhappy people常常把自己置于一个不利的境地。故选项A正确。

[单选题] Man still has a lot to learn about the most powerful and complex part of his body-the brain. In ancient times men did not think that the brain was the center of mental activity. Aristotle, the philosopher of ancient Greece, thought that the mind was based in the heart. It was not until the 18th century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind. During the 19th century scientists found that when certain parts of the brain were damaged, men lost the ability to do certain things. And so, people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity. But modern research has found that this is not so. It is not easy to say exactly what each part of the brain does. In the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the brain. Chemists and biologists have found that the way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought. In fact many people believe that we are only now really starting to learn the truth about how the human brain works. The more scientists find out, the more questions they are unable to answer. For instance, chemists have found that over 100,000 chemical reactions take place in the brain every second. Mathematicians who have tried to use computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos. Some recent research also suggests that we remember everything that happens to us. We may not be able to recall this information, but it is all stored in our brains. Scientists hope that if we can discover how the brain works, the better use we will be able to put it to For example, how do we learn language? Some children learn to speak, read and write when they are very young compared to average children But scientists are not sure why this happens They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we teach language to children which in fact prevents children from learning sooner.

The sentence "that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the workings of the mind" implicates all the statements below EXCEPT ________.

the brain is all we need when our mind is working

解析：1.主旨题。第一段点明文章主题，第二段和第三段讲的是历史上人们对于大脑的认识，而后几段是近些年人类对于大脑的科学研究。观察此题选项，A、C、D都只是其中的一部分，只有B最为全面。 2.细节题。本题的定位点在文章的第二段和第三段，根据“the mind was based in the heart”，可见那时人们认为脑子的工作是基于心的，故A错误。而文章只说了心脏和脑子的关系，并没有说心脏是人类行为的控制中心，故C排除。又根据19世纪的认知，“people thought that each part of the brain controlled a different activity”，即不同的大脑部位控制不同的行为，可知B，大脑各部分合作控制行为错误，故选D。 3.细节题。此句可以翻译为“人们意识到在人的意识活动时，整个大脑都参与”，故A、 B、D都正确，只有C逻辑不对，我们思维活动时只需要大脑这句话没有提及。 4.细节题。“Mathematicians who have tried to use computers to copy the way the brain works”，由此可知数学家只是尝试用电脑模拟大脑的活动，而非为模拟大脑活动而建了一个电脑，A与原文不符，为本题答案。 5.态度题。作者全文都在陈述人类在不同时期对于大脑的探索，一直在陈述事实，不带感情色彩，也没有对于什么观点有评论，故选D，作者的语气是客观的。

[多选题]下面是李老师的教学札记中的一篇。 　　上学期，在我任教的初三(2)班上，有一位男生特别聪明，但对我所教的物理不感兴趣，成绩较差。他特别喜欢操作计算机，有时装载一些新软件，有时诊断一下计算机运行钟的问题，还时不时编写一些小程序……如果我能对这位学生加以引导，应该能调动其学习的积极性。恰好我也正在学习现代教育技术，于是我利用课间特意跑到班级，向他请教计算机方面的问题。一次又一次，时间长了，他被我这样努力学习的精神所感动，我借机开导他：“计算机方面你是老师，我是学生，在问你之前我对计算机方面的这些问题一窍不通，觉得很难，无从入手，但我觉得只要多问多学，就一定能掌握计算机知识。同样的，如果你能把学习计算机的那股劲放在学习物理上，你的成绩也一定会像我的计算机水平一样突飞猛进。经过多次贪心，他终于有所触动，不仅学习上积极主动，而且经常与我探讨物理知识，期末时他的物理竟考了95分。 　　问题： 　　请结合材料，从教师观的角度，评析李老师的教育行为。(14分)

[单选题]__________man can aspire to and achieve goodness is evident throughout history.

That

解析：本题考查主语从句。题干中可看到系动词is之前是主语，而主语是由一个连接词引导的，所以该句是主语从句。主语从句并不缺少任何成分，应该用that引导，其在主语从句中只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，本身无实际意义，但不能省略。B项whether在主语从句中也不充当任何成分，但是表达“是否”的意思。A项和D项在从句中做成分，因此排除。句意为“人向往善良且实行之，这在历史上是屡见不鲜的”。故本题选C。