正确答案: A

acronym

题目：The word "UNESCO" is called a(n)______.

解析：本题考查构词法。A项"首字母缩略词"指由几个单词的首字母派生出来的新词；B项意为"混成词"；C项意为"截断词"；D项意为"新创词"。"UNESCO"是"United Nations Educational， Scientific，and Cultural Organization"（联合国教育、科学及文化组织）的首字母缩写。故本题选A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]在小学生心理发展中起决定性作用的是( )。

学习

解析：环境包括自然环境和社会环境，对小学生心理发展产生主要影响的是社会环境。成熟即生理成熟，在

[多选题]简述情感陶冶法及其基本要求。

[单选题]Which of the following are controlled activities in an English class?

Reading aloud,dictation and translation.

解析：本题考查英语教学活动。A项"做报告、角色扮演和游戏"，B项"朗读、听写和翻译"，C项"角色扮演、解决问题和讨论"，D项"信息交流、叙述和采访"。英语教学中的控制性活动包括朗读、听写、翻译、背诵、模仿、重复、编对话、分角色阅读、复述等活动；开放性活动包括模拟真实情境进行的角色扮演、辩论、做报告、游戏、信息交流、采访、小组讨论、即兴演讲等活动。故本题选B。

[单选题]考查的方式主要有口头提问、检查书面作业、书面测验。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：学生学业评价的方式有考查，包括口头提问、检查书面作业和单元测验等；考试，期中、期末和毕业时进行，考试的方式有口试、笔试（开卷、闭卷）和实践考核三种。考查与考试的结果，常用的记分方法有百分制记分法和等级制记分法（优、良、中、差；甲、乙、丙、丁；及格、不及格；或者是评语）。

[单选题]对被评价对象做出鉴定区分等级，了解教育目标的实现程度应属于( )。

终结性评价

解析：根据评价的作用和时机可以分为：诊断性评价、形成性评价和终结性评价。诊断性评价一般在教学之前进行，寻找问题，从而便于因材施教：形成性评价一般在教学中进行，在于改进教学；终结性评价一般在教学之后，其目的在于为对评价对象作出判定。

[单选题]Passage 2 　　According to one account, the hamburgerwas first sold at the Erie County Fair inHamburg, New York, in 1885, by brothersFrank and Charles Menches. The two Ohio brothers had arrived on the grounds of thefair too late to get a supply of chopped porkfor their sandwich concession. The butchersold them beef instead, and after the Buffalo,New York, suburb where they were doing business.Hamburg's claim to be the site ofthe first hamburger is disputed by the townof Seymour, Wisconsin, where a man named Charles Nagreen is claimed to have servedhamburger sandwiches in 1885. 　　Another story about the origins of theubiquitous burger states that in the late 1800'sFletcher Davis, a potter in Athens, Texas,wasn't selling enough pottery. Therefore heopened a lunch counter. His specialty? Aground-beef patty served between slices ofhome-made bread.In 1904 Davis went to theWorld's Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, with hisrecipe, which was, of course, a big hit. At theFair the ground beef sandwich was deemedthe hamburger, because in Hamburg, Germany,ground beef patties were popular, though thepatties there are more like meat loaf and lack a bun. (lt is believed that 19th-century Germansailors learned about eating raw shredded beef, “Steak Tartare，” in the Baltic Provinces.A German cook eventually had the idea of cooking the Tartare mixture.) 　　Fletcher Davis is also credited with servingfried potato strips at the World's Fair. A friendin Paris, Texas, had given him the idea, but a reporter thought that Davis said “Paris,France，”and those potatoes are forevermore“French Fries.”Another contender in the“hamburger invention” contest is Louie'sLunch, a Yale off-campus eatery. This NewHaven, Connecticut, site is said to have firstoffered the burger in 1895. 　　The commercial bun on which hamburgers are now served was created by diner operatorWalter Anderson of Wichita, Kansas, who alsoinvented the modern grill (both events around1916) and then established the chain of White Castle hamburger restaurants.Lionel ClarkSternberger, later proprietor of the Rite Spotsteakhouse in Los Angeles, experimentallytossed a slice of cheese on a hamburger hewas cooking at his father's short-order shop inPasadena, California, in 1924, thus originatingthe cheeseburger. 　　The word “cheeseburger” was patented byLouis Ballast in 1944. Ballast grilled a slice of cheese onto burgers at his Denver, Colorado,drive-in. 　　Well, you know the rest-McDonald's, BurgerKing, Wendy's, White Castle, etc.-burgers everywhere. Some good, some so-so. But certainly an all-American favorite. A “classic.”

Which of the following is closestin meaning to the underlined word“ubiquitousin”PARAGRAPH THREE?

Easily found

解析：考查ubiquitous的含义。根据第三段开头”Another storyaboutthe origins of",第五段开”Anothercontenderinthe hamburgerinvention'contest可知本文讲的是汉堡包的发明之争，而最后段Well, you know the rest. Burgers everywhere.表现了作者对汉堡包的态度一一它无处不在，因此推断该词意为容易被发现的”，选B。A项”制作可口的”，C项”共同提到的”，D项”争议激烈的”，均不合适。故选择B。

[单选题]每当学生请教课堂上没听懂的问题时，李老师总是批评学生没有用心听讲，而雷老师则会耐心地给学生解答。两位教师的不同做法反映了( )。

职业理念的差异

解析：新课改背景下的职业理念，强调以人为本的学生观，认为学生是发展的人。教师要理解学生的不足，激发学生的潜力，促进学生发展。题干中，李老师和雷老师的区别，就在于是否符合新课改的职业理念一一以人为本的学生观，故选择B。

[单选题]儿童身心发展有两个高速发展期：新生儿与青春期，这是身心发展( )规律的反映。

不平衡性

解析：个体身心发展的不平衡性表现其中之一是同一方面的发展在不同年龄段是不均衡的，对应本题题干，新生儿和青春期的发展速度较快，体现了身心发展的不平衡性。

[单选题]启发式教学是一种具体的教学方法。A.正确B.错误

解析：启发式教学，就是根据教学目的、内容、学生的知识水平和知识规律，运用各种教学手段，采用启发诱导办法传授知识、培养能力，使学生积极主动地学习，以促进身心发展。这里要着重说明，启发式教学不仅是教学方法，更是一种教学思想，是教学原则和教学观。