正确答案: C

不合法，不得让不满16周岁者脱离监护单独居住

题目：母亲杨某外出打工，将15岁的儿子小强留下长期单独居住。杨某的做法( )。

解析：《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》第十九条规定，"未成年人的父母或者其他监护人，不得让不满十六周岁的未成年人脱离监护单独居住"。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]Passage 1 　　Self-driving vehicles threaten to sendtruck drivers to the unemployment office.Computer programs can now write journalistic accounts of sporting events and stock pricemovements. There are even computers that can grade essay exams with reasonable accuracy, which could revolutionize my ownjoB.Increasingly, machines are providing notonly the brawn but the brains, too. And thatraises the question of where humans fit intothis picture---who will prosper and who won'tin this new kind of machine economy? 　　Within five years we are likely to have theworld's best education, or close to it, online and free. But not everyone will sit down andgo through the material without a professorpushing them to do the work. 　　Those who are motivated to use onlineresources will do much, much better in thegeneration to come. lt's already the case thatthe best students from India are at the topin many Coursera classes, putting America's arguably less motivated bright young peopleto shame. “Free” doesn't really help you if you don't make an effort. 　　Your smartphone will record data on yourlife and, when asked, will tell you what to do,drawing on data from your home or fromyour spouse and friends if need be.“You'vethrown out that bread the last three timesyou've bought it, give it a pass ”will be a textmessage of the future. How about “Now isnot the time to start another argument withyour wife”? The GPS is just the beginningof computer-guided instruction. Take yoursmartphone on a date, and it might vibrate inyour pocket to indicate“Kiss her now.”If youhesitate for fear of being seen as pushy, it maywrite:“Who cares if you look bad? You aresampling optimally in the quest for a lifetime companion.”Those who won't listen, or whorebel out of spite, will be missing out onglittering prizes. Those of us who listen, whileoften envied, may feel more like puppets with deflated pride. 　　A lot of jobs will consist of makingpeople feel either very good or very bad about themselves. Coaches, mentors and disciplinarians will spread to many areas oflife, at least for those of us who can stand tolisten to them. These people will cajole us,flatter us and shame us into improving ourlives, our work habits and our consumption.That's why so many people go to yoga classinstead of relying on the podcast. Managerswho are motivators of first-rate talent will seetheir earnings continue to rise. 　　Computing and software will make it easierto measure performance and productivity.It will be harder to gloss over our failings andmaintain self-deception. In essence, everyonewill suffer the fate of professional chessplayers, who will always know when they havelost a game, have an exact numerical ratingfor their overall performance, and find excusesfor failure hard to come by. 　　Individuals will have many measures oftheir proficiency.They will have an incentiveto disclose that information to get the betterjob or social opportunity. You will assume theworst about those who keep secrets, and soopenness will reign. Many of us will hate theidea of Big Data.

Why will many people start to hate Big Data according to the last paragraph?

Because people will have no privacy and can't tell any lies at all

解析：根据最后一段中的”You'II assume the worst about those who keep secrets, and soopennesswill reign. Many of us will start to hate the ideaof Big data，可知.大数据让人们没有隐私，并且不能说谎，故选择A。

[单选题]某市一眼镜店，为了招揽更多客源，老板将做过视力矫正的大量客人实例张贴在眼镜店附近建筑物上，这种行为( )。

侵犯了客人的隐私权

解析：隐私权一般是指自然人享有的对自己的个人秘密和个人私生活进行支配并排除他人干涉的权利。店主把客人信息张贴在附近建筑物上，侵犯了其隐私权。故选择C。

[单选题]儿童认为如果所有的人都同意的话，规则是可以改变的。依据皮亚杰的道德发展理论.这一时期的儿童处于( )。

可逆性阶段

解析：可逆性阶段的儿童已不把准则看成是不可改变的，而把它看作是同伴间共同约定的。儿童一般都形成了这样的概念：如果所有的人都同意的话，规则是可以改变的。儿童已经意识到一种同伴间的社会关系，应当相互尊重。准则对他们来说已具有一种保证他们相互行动、互惠的可逆特征。

[单选题]皮亚杰认为( )阶段时，儿童对行为的判断主要依据客观结果，而不考虑主观动机。

他律道德

解析：他律道德阶段（5～8岁）：儿童思维正在由前运算思维向具体运算思维过渡，以表象思维为主，但仍不具备可逆性和守恒性。因此，这一时期儿童的道德判断是以他律的、绝对的规则及对权威的绝对服从和崇拜为特征。故选择B。A选项，前道德阶段（0～5岁）：又称无律阶段。儿童处于感觉运动时期，行为多与生理本能的满足有关，儿童在游戏中虽然能意识到游戏规则的存在，但他们并没有意识到这些游戏规则是在他游戏活动中应该遵循的行动准则，所以无任何规则意识，因而谈不上任何道德观念发展。其中，2～5岁称之为自我中心阶段，这一阶段儿童处于前运算思维阶段。其特点是单向、不可逆的自我中心主义，片面强调个人存在及个人的意见和要求。C选项，自律或合作道德阶段（8～11、12岁）：这一时期儿童的思维已达到具有可逆性的具体运算，其道德判断有了自律的萌芽，公正感不再是以"服从"为特征，而是以"平等的观念"为主要特征。关于惩罚，儿童不再像前一阶段那样驯服地接受抵罪的惩罚，而认为只有回报的惩罚才是合理的。D选项，这一阶段儿童开始出现利他主义。倾向于主持公道、平等，体验到公正、平等应该符合每个人的特殊情况。

[单选题]当李华改正了写字不认真的态度后，教师就撤销了不让其参加课外活动的惩罚。这种教育措施属于( )。

负强化

解析：负强化是指个体在做出某种反应之后，令其摆脱厌恶刺激（撤销惩罚），从而提高其类似行为出现的概率。题干中的教师的教育措施属于负强化。正强化是指个体在做出某种反应之后，给予一个愉快刺激（给予奖励），从而提高其类似行为出现的概率。班杜拉认为强化有直接强化、替代强化和自我强化1种形式。其中，替代强化是指个体因看到榜样的行为被强化而受到的强化。自我强化是指个体能观察自己的行为，并根据自己的标准进行判断，由此强化或处罚自己。