正确答案: A

水星金星

题目：太阳系中离太阳最近的两大行星是( )。

解析：八大行星特指太阳系的八个行星，按照离太阳的距离从小到大，它们依次为水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星。而曾经被认为是"九大行星"之一的冥王星于2006年8月24日被定义为"矮行星"。故选择A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]下列不属于列夫·托尔斯泰创作的长篇小说是( )。

《巴黎圣母院》

解析：列夫·托尔斯泰，俄国著名批判现实主义作家。其代表作有：《战争与和平》、《安娜·卡列尼娜》、《复活》等。《巴黎圣母院》作者为雨果，法国著名浪漫主义作家。其代表作还有：《海上劳工》、《悲惨世界》、《九三年》等。其中，《"诺曼底"号遇难记》（《船长》）被选入中小学课文。故选择C。

[单选题]准备是指学习开始时的预备定势。( )A.正确B.错误

解析：准备是指学习者在学习开始时的预备定势。

[单选题]品德的核心是( )。

道德认知

解析：道德认识是对道德行为准则及其执行意义的认识，是个体品德中的核心部分。

[单选题]课外校外教育是对课堂教学的一种( )。

必要补充

解析：课堂教学完全按照国家规定的课程计划、学科课程标准进行系统的知识传授和技能训练，很难照顾到学生的个别差异。课外校外教育正好能弥补这一缺陷，是课堂教学的必要补充。

[单选题] Back in the old days, when I was a child, we sat around the family round table at dinner time and exchanged our daily experiences.It wasn′t very organized, but everyone was recognized and all the news that had to be told was told by each family member. We listened to each other and the interest was not put-on; it was real.Our family was a unit and we supported each other, and nurtured each other, and liked each other, and-we were even willing to admit-we loved each other. Today, the family round table has moved to the local fast-food restaurant and talk is not easy, much less encouraged. Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four-year-old. So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as "What have you been doing, Bobby? " have been replaced by "I′m busy, go watch television." And watch TV they do; count them by the millions. But it′s usually not children′s television that children watch.Saturday morning, the children′s hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing. Where are they to be found?Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch.That′s where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p.m., not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission. Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense.When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner.When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off. Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the moming to the moon at night and beyond! Parents must exercise some control and show some concem about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed.Parents need to intervene. Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at all.

The working parent is not willing to listen to her(his) four-year-old child talking about his sandbox games because she(he) is _________.

very tired

解析：1.由本文前两段的内容和一些词和短语如exchanged our daily expenences，a unit，supported，nurtured，liked，loved可知，在那些过往的日子里，作者一家人其乐融融，所以A项可以表达出这层意思，为正确答案。 2.根据第四段"the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager four-year-old"可知父母每天工作非常辛苦和疲惫，所以和孩子的交流沟通少了。所以正确答案为B。 3.从第五段到第八段可知，父母没有花费时间和精力陪孩子，让孩子看成人电视节目。从第八段最后一句"All of this is done with parental permission"可知，应该由他们的父母承担起这个责任。 4.由第九段可知我们的年轻人在看电视时要有自我的判断力，只有这样电视节目才能带给我们更多有益的信息。所以B项正确。 5.由最后一段的第二句"Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed."可知，C项正确。