正确答案: A

社会教育、学校教育和家庭教育

题目：广义的教育包括( )。

解析：本题考查教育的定义。教育有广义和狭义之分。从广义上说，凡是增进人的知识和技能、发展人的智力和体力、影响人的思想和品德的活动。它包括社会教育、学校教育和家庭教育。狭义的教育特指学校教育，是教育者根据一定的社会要求，有目的、有计划、有组织地对受教育者施加影响，促使他们朝着所期望的方向发展的活动。故选择A。

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学习资料的答案和解析：

[单选题]近代教育史上，是哪一位教育家首次试图把教育理学和哲学基础之上( )。

赫尔巴特

解析：赫尔巴特，现代教育学之父、传统教育学派代表人物，代表作《普通教育学》，标志教育学作为一门规范、独立的学科正式诞生。他将伦理学和心理学作为教育学的理论基础。赫尔巴特的常见考点有，提出"四阶段教学"理论，即将教学过程分为清楚、联想、系统和方法四个阶段。后由他的学生齐勒修改为预备、提示、比较、总括、应用五段，称"五段教学法"：提出教育性教学原则"我想不到有任何无教学的教育，正如相反方面，我不承认有任何无教育的教学。"。故选择B。A项，夸美纽斯，教育学之父，《大教学论》。夸美纽斯的常见考点有，提出教学原则，即教育要遵循人的自然发展的原则；教学制度，即系统论述班级授课制方法和实施内容：教学思想即"泛智教育"一一把广泛的自然知识传授给普通的人；教学内容，即规定了百科全书式的课程；教学方法，即首次提出并论证了直观性、系统性、量力性、巩固性和自觉性等一系列教学方法。C项，杜威是实用主义哲学创始人、进步教育代表人物，他的代表作有《民主主义与教育》、《我们怎样思维》、《经验与教育》。杜威的常见考点有，三中心论即"儿童中心（学生中心）"、"经验中心"、"活动中心"；提出教育的本质，教育即生活、教育即生长、教育即经验的改组或改造（是其教育思想的基础与核心）；学校即社会；从做中学；五步教学法，即创设疑难情景；确定疑难所在；提出解决问题的种种假设；推断哪个假设能解决这个困难；验证这个假设。D项，洛克，代表作《教育漫话》，他提出"白板说"；倡导"绅士教育"。

[单选题]某大学校长在一次开学典礼上说：学校不仅要给学生"干粮"，更要给"猎枪"。这句话强调了在学习中( )。

方法比知识更重要

解析：题干中"猎枪"指的是得到"干粮"的方法，因此强调了在学习中方法比知识更重要。

[多选题]班级管理属于微观、具体的一种学校管理形式，班级管理的基本内容有( )。

班级教学管理

班级德育管理

班级体育卫生和课外活动管理

班级生活指导

解析：班级管理的基本内容有班级教学管理、班级德育管理、班级体育卫生和课外活动管理、班级生活指导。

[单选题]小强见爸爸夸奖了学习好的姐姐，他也想让爸爸夸奖自己，所以就努力学习。小强的成就动机是( )。

附属内驱力

解析：奥苏伯尔认为，在学校情境中，促进学生学习的成就动机主要包括三个方面的内驱力决定成分，即认知内驱力、自我提高内驱力和附属内驱力。其中，附属内驱力是指个人为了获得长者们（如家长、教师等）的赞许或认可和同伴的接纳而表现出来的把学习或工作做好的一种需要。它既不直接指向学习任务本身，也不把学业成就看作赢得地位的手段。附属内驱力是一种间接的学习需要，属于外部动机。题干中小强的成就动机是附属内驱力。

[单选题]22.请阅读Passage 2,完成第1~5小题。 　　Passage 2 　　The ritual of English tea time is believed to have originated in the late 1700's when Anna.Duchess of Bedford,ordered that a plate of cakes be sent up to her with her afternoon cup of tea. 　　The Duchess chronically experienced a “sinking feeling” (what we would term “low bloodsugar” ) in the late afternoon.To tide her over the long hours between meals she turned to carbohydrates. 　　Other royals immediately copied the Duchess,and afternoon tea parties became quitefashionable.low tables were set up in front of sofas and chairs,and the ladies found a newopportunity to show off pretty clothes,fine China.embroidered linen tablecloths and napkins,andsilver tableware. 　　tea time was also the time to exchange juicy gossip and serve refreshments.Soon darling littlesandwiches and sweet pastries as well as scones were being arranged on decorative stands and platesfor the ladies' pleasure. 　　The tea party mania quickly spread across the Atlantic where tea was already enjoyed as abeverage.This fondness for tea was later suppressed by the patriotic Americans during the eraimmediately preceding the American Revolution because of the unreasonable British tax on tea. 　　However,by April 27,1776,Congress announced in the Philadelphia Packet that “the drinkingof tea can now be indulged.” The custom of afternoon tea parties was not really revived in thiscountry,though,until the mid-1800's,when Victorian ways were in vogue here.leisure-class American ladies began having “kettledrums” at 4p.m.“Kettledrums” was called that in connectionwith the term “teakettle.” Petits fours and other dainty delights were served amid Victorianopulence. 　　A Victorian diarist,Maud Berkeley (Maud:The Illustrated Diary of a Victorian Woman,Chronicle Books,1987) gave an anecdote concerning tea time:“Mrs.Barnes had out a lovely tea-cloth for her tea-party,worked all over with cyclamens and honeysuckle.Shoggie Boucher,unusedto such dainty,contrived to slop his tea all over it.Thankful it was not I.as it was,my new featherboA.which I wore for the first time,got into my teacup,causing much alarm and merriment to all assembled.lilian Black-Barnes was,as ever,strong in adversity and wrung out the offending objectin the kitchen sink.Fear it may never be the same again,none the less.” 　　My family,mother,and I were able to relieve some of that sophisticated elegance (minus thedrippy boa) when we had tea at the Ritz in london.The Palm Court,an open area on the groundfioor of the hotel,is a study in turn-of-the-century decor.Gilt statuary,palms,and other plants,andstylishly-set little tables beckon welcomingly under high-up,rose-tinted skylights. 　　Our waiter brought us a selection of finger sandwiches of smoked salmon,ham,cucumber,Cheddar cheese,cream cheese,and chives,or egg salad.Scones (similar to American biscuits) wereoffered with butter,and various preserves and jellies. 　　Along with this we were served Indian or China tea.and hot chocolate for my young daughter.Then the dapper waiter presented a vast tray holding many French pastries and cakes from which wecould choose.After several teeny sandwiches and a couple ofmarmalade-coated scones,a chocolateeclair seemed to add carbohydrate overload to carboload,but“when in England,do as the English do.” 　　This tea feast was served between 3:30 and 5:30p.m.Around 10:00p.m.,we had regained justenough appetite to sample some fish and chips (French fries),and then we put our weary stomachsand ourselves to bed.

Which of the following is close in meaning to the underlined word “weary” inthe last paragraph?

Exhausted.

解析：词汇题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段的最后一句话。weary stomach是指人们在享受完下午茶以及晚餐后，在胃里还塞满了美食没有消化的情况下就入睡了。weary“疲倦的，厌烦的”，此处表示胃部由于塞满食物而充实的状态。exhausted“精疲力竭的”，tedious“沉闷的”，energetic“精力充沛的”，greedy“贪婪的”。根据句意可知本题选A。

[多选题]简述教材在英语教学中的两个作用（8分），列出教师使用教材的三点注意事项（12分）。

[单选题]When the teacher attempts to elicit more information from the students by saying“And...?”“GooD.Anything elsel”,etC.he/she is playing the role of a________.

prompter

解析：本题考查课堂中的教师角色。题于：当教师试图从学生那里得到更多信息时，他通过一些话语来引导，他扮演的角色是什么？当学生发言或回答问题过于简略时，教师可用“And...？”“Good.Anything else？”等提示学生继续往下说，这时教师扮演的课堂角色是提示者。A项“提示者”，B项“参与者”，C项“管理者”，D项“咨询者”。根据题干意思，可锁定答案为A。