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请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。   Passage 2   Taylor Swif

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  • [单选题]请阅读 Passage 2,完成1~5小题。   Passage 2   Taylor Swift,the seven-time Grammy winner,is known for her articulate lyrics,so there was nothing surprising about her writing a long column for The Wall Street Journal about the future of the music industry.Yet there's reason to doubt the optimism of what she had to say.   "This moment in music is so exciting because the creative avenues an artist can explore are limitless," Swift wrote."In this moment in musiC.stepping out of your comfort zone is rewardeD.and sonic evolution is not only accepted ...it is celebrated.The only real risk is being too afraid to take a risk at all."   That's hard to reconcile with Nielsen's mid-year U.S.music report,which showed a 15 percent year-on-year drop in album sales and a 13 percent decline in digital track sales.This could be the 2013 story all over again,in which streaming services cannibalize their growth from digital downloads,whose numbers dropped for the first time ever last year,except that even including streams,album sales are down 3.3 percent so far in 2014.Streaming has grown even more than it did last year,42 percent compared to 32 percent,but has failed to make up for a general loss of interest in music.   Consider this: in 2014 to date,Americans purchased 593.6 million digital tracks and heard 70.3 million video and audio streams for a sum total of 663.9 million.In the comparable period of 2013,the total came to 731.7 million.   Swift,one ofthe few artists able to pull off stadium tours,believes it's all about quality."People are still buying albums,but now they're buying just a few of them," she wrote."They are buying only the ones that hit them like an arrow through the heart."   In 2000,album sales peaked at 785 million.Last year,they were down to 415.3 million.Swift is right,but for many of the artists whose albums pierce hearts like arrows,it's too late.sales of vinyl albums have increased 40.4 percent so far this year,according to Nielsen,and the top-selling one was guitar hero Jack White's Lazaretto.The top 10 also includes records by the aging or deaD.such as the Beatles and Bob Marley & the Wailers.More modern entries are not exactly teen sensations,either: the Black Keys,Beck and the Arctic Monkeys.None of these artists is present on the digital sales charts,including or excluding streams.The top-selling album so far this year,by a huge margin,is the saccharine soundtrack to the Disney animated hit,"Frozen" .   When,like me,you're over 40 and you believe the music industry has been in decline since in 1993 (the year Nirvana released in Utero),it's easy to criticize the music taste of "the kids these days" ,a term even the 23-year old Swift uses.My fellow dinosaurs will understand if they compare 1993's top albums to Nielsen's 2014 list.But these kids don't just like to listen to different music than we do,they no longer find much worth hearing.   The way the music industry works now may have something to do with that.In the old   days,musicians showed their work to industry executives,the way most book authors still do to publishers (although that tradition,too,is eroding).The executives made mistakes and were credited with brilliant finds.Sometimes they followed the public taste,and sometimes they strove to shape it,taking big financial and career risks in the process.These days,according to Swift,it's all about the social networks."A friend of mine,who is an actress,told me that when the casting for her recent movie came down to two actresses,the casting director chose the actress with more Twitter followers," Swift wrote."In the future,artists will get record deals because they have fans-not the other way around."   The social networks are fickle and self-consciously sarcastic (see the recent potato salad phenomenon).They are not about arrow-through-the-heart sincerity.That's why YouTube made Psy a star,but it couldn't have been the medium for Beatle maniA.Justin Timberlake has 32.9 million Twitter followers,but he's no Jack White.   In the music industry's heyday,it produced a lot of schlock.But it got great music out to the masses,too.These days,it expects artists to do their own promotion and for those who less good at that than at making musiC.it may mean not getting heard.For fans it means less good music to stream and downloaD.Well,there's always the warm and fuzzy world of vinyl nostalgiA.I guess.

  • Why is music industry declining in the writer's view?

  • A. The music world is increasingly dominated by self-centered people.
    B. The music industry favors musicians who have more social networks.
    C. Modern musicians are no longer taking risks when composing music.
    D. Many musicians are not willing to promote their music on the Internet.

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  • [单选题]奥苏伯尔提出的有意义学习是相对于( )而言的。
  • A. 机械学习
    B. 理论学习
    C. 合作学习
    D. 指导学习

  • [多选题]阅读下面的材料,根据要求作文。   常言道:"上山容易,下山难。"这句话是说:上山虽然费力,但不容易发生危险;下山虽然省力,但容易失足跌下山。其实,这简单的话语蕴含着丰富的人生哲理。   要求:   用规范的现代汉语写作。自定立意,自拟题目,自选文体。不少于800字。
  • A. 【参考范文】参考范文:人生容不得丝毫懈怠 曾看过这样一则故事:有个人克服困难登上了华山,站在峰顶上,他打电话向80多岁的老父报喜。老人在电话里告诫儿子,千万不要被一时的成功冲昏了头脑,只有平安地下了山,登山才算获得成功。 老人的告诫,使我想起"上山容易,下山难"这句话。下山之所以"难",主要是登山者体力和意志都有所衰退,一不小心就有可能坠入山谷。经验证明,只有像上山那样小心谨慎,不因下山省力而懈怠一丝一毫,才能走好下山路。登山如此,人生之路亦同此理,我们不少人在攀登人生事业的"高山"时,处处小心谨慎。"步履"稳而又稳,可是到达"山顶"后。有的人在飘飘然中走"下山路"就放松懈怠不再谨慎了,于是"摔跤"的不少。 有些官员干部,做基层干部时,能够事事以百姓为重,等官居高位时,却松懈了糖衣炮弹的袭击,最终落得个跌落山崖。有些企业领导,在创业的时候能够奋斗不懈,谨小慎微,等功能名就后却不能够严格要求自己,最终难以做大做强,甚至都不能平安着陆,最后误人误己。最近有些教师总喜欢告诉学生:高中苦三年不叫苦,大学就可以放松了,就可以疯狂玩了。殊不知,正是这样的教育理念,害了一批又一批学子。经过高中几年的艰苦奋斗,学生好不容易爬上了大学这座高峰,大学的四年,正是需要学生调整状态,平稳"下山",探索下一段人生旅途,为攀爬下一座人生高峰积蓄力量的黄金时期,但因为教师的"良言",学生开始在大学中浑浑噩噩,本该用于学习的大好青春,全都浪费在了吃喝玩乐上。最终,学无所成的有,难以毕业的也大有人在,甚至误入歧途的也是不少。人生的路很长,有崎岖泥泞的小路,需要我们时时留意,以免陷入泥潭;有康庄大道更需我们打起精神,因为一个不留神,我们可能被沿途的风景困顿住了双脚。上山的路,让我们耗尽心力,需要我们有坚持到底的勇气,以免半途而废;站于山上,一览众山小,俯视芸芸众生的骄傲自满更容易让人举步不前;下山的路,虽轻松省力,但不容的丝毫懈怠,否则一个大意可能摔落万丈深崖…… 人生路漫漫,成功在哪里?你走了或十步,或九十步,但只要因为一次懈怠就可能戛然而止,而你的成功将永远在远方。

  • [单选题]学习不是本能活动,而是后天习得的活动,是由经验或实践引起的。( )A.正确B.错误
  • A. A

  • [单选题]下列不属于布鲁巴奇等人在1994年提出的四种反思方法的是( )。
  • A. 反思日记
    B. 详细描述
    C. 交流讨论
    D. 关注问题

  • [单选题]让儿童先去玩能体现数学概念的具体游戏,然后再接触完全符号化的概念。这是( )。
  • A. 外显学习
    B. 内隐学习
    C. 程序性学习
    D. 技能学习

  • [单选题]《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》提出的教学管理制度改革的内容不包括推行( )。
  • A. 分层教学
    B. 导生制
    C. 走班制
    D. 学分制

  • [单选题]在教育调研中,为获取相关资料而对一所学校或   一个学生进行专门调查属于( )。
  • A. 全面调查
    B. 重点调查
    C. 抽样调查
    D. 个案调查

  • [单选题]用键盘选定文本时,应按住( )键,再按方向键。
  • A. ctrl
    B. space
    C. Alt
    D. shift

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